翻译.doc

1.An AppleLao ShanMy childhood was spent in the countryside in terrible bitterness and hardship, so to speak now.Apples, at that time, were to our greatest liking and it must be their dear prices that made my father never muster/pluck up enough courage to buy one. One day, returning from Taipei on a business trip(or returning from a business trip to Taipei), he finally/ managed to bring one home.After peeling the apple, my father cut it into five equal pieces and handed them out to the five of us (better: each of us five)children. Alas! How thin and small each piece was! But none of us dared speak this out. Noticing our visible embarrassment with its meagreness and wavering between questions and silence, my father involuntarily expelled a deep sigh15Twenty years has slipped by and I am now a mother myself. I begin to feel for myself the sorrow of my fathers then. How regretful I feel now to have hated our portion of the apple being too small and thin without even the slightest thought of our father and mother who did not have a taste of it at all when they sliced it into five pieces for each of us!If only we had asked father (Father) to cut it into seven equal pieces and had made them have a taste, how happy and sweet the memory would be now!2螃蟹老螃蟹觉得不安了felt ill at ease/restless/uneasy，觉得全身太硬了growing hard all over.自己知道became fully aware要蜕壳了。Shedding time was drawing near.他跑来跑去寻hurried here and there/about。他想寻一个窟穴，trying to find himself a cave,躲了身子，where he could hide将石子堵了穴口，隐隐的蜕壳and，after blocking the cave entrance up， shed his shell on the sly.他知道外面蜕壳是危险的he knew too well the danger of shedding outside。身子还软，his body being so soft after exuviation ig.zju:vi'ein ,要被别的螃蟹吃去的how could he avoid the risk of being eaten up by some other crabs?/he would very probably be eaten up by。这并非空害怕this was no groundless worry/imaginary fear，他实在亲眼见过for he himself had witnessed such brutality/for he had a personal experience of witnessing such a case.他慌慌张张的走。He hurried around helter-skelter.旁边的螃蟹a crab next to/beside him问他说：“老兄，你何以这般慌？” 'Old chap/old boy, what fuss are you making to be so panic?他说：“我要蜕壳了。”I m going to shed my shell soon.“就在这里蜕不很好么？我还要帮你呢。”why not do it right here? we might give you a hand.“那可太怕人了。”thats too horrible.“你不怕窟穴里的别的东西，却怕我们同种么？”you are not afraid of other creatures in the cave, yet afraid of crabs of your own kind. Isnt it ridiculous?/you are afraid of your fellow crabs rather than other creatures in the cave, how ridiculous!“我不怕同种。”“那还怕什么呢？”what are you afraid of, then?“我怕你要吃掉我。”Im afraid of your eating me.The CrabAn old crab was on tenterhooks(= in a state of uneasy suspense or painful anxiety), feeling too hard all over. He knew its time to shed his shell. (OR His time to shed had come./he knew shedding time was drawing near)He was crawling here and there, trying to look for a cave to hide himself in. Blocking the cave entrance with some pebbles, he could shed his shell on the sly. He was aware of the danger of shedding his shell outside. Still rather weak, he might be eaten up by some other crabs. This was not a groundless fear, for he himself had witnessed such a case.He hurried around helter-skelter.A crab beside him asked, “Whats the fuss to be so panic, old brother?”“Im going to shed my shell soon,” he answered.“Why not do it right here? Pretty good right here! I might give you a hand.”“Oh, no, its too dangerous.”“Youre not afraid of other creatures in the cave, but afraid of your own kind?”“Im not afraid of my own kind.”“What are you afraid of, then?”“Im only afraid of your eating me!”Evaluation and DiscussionCommon ErrorsMisinterpretationHe blocked the cave entrance with stones to shed his shell secretly.He was looking for a cave to hide himself in and then block the entrance with some stones before he could shed his shell on the sly.Improper Diction1 蜕壳moult/molt his shell (of birds: lose feathers; of dogs or cats: lose hair换羽，换毛) remove his shell (take away from one place to another)(references: shed ones shell/slough off ones shell/ cast off ones shell/ ones shell comes off)2 堵了穴口congest the orifice (of the cave) (more common forms-congested, congestion)(congested: too full, overcrowded; (of organs) abnormally full of blood; (of the nose) blocked with mucus)(references: block, stop up) 3 他知道外面蜕壳是危险的。身子还软，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。He knew it would be very dangerous to shed the shell outside since the body was soft and would be eaten by other crabs.(reference: for)4 跑来跑去ran forth and back (rather: back and forth) (注意词序，再如：新旧 old and new; 冷热 hot and cold; 悲欢 joy and sorrow; 水火 fire and water; 贫富rich and poor; 血肉 flesh and blood; 水陆 land and water; 迟早 sooner or later; 不论晴雨 rain or shine; 饥寒交迫 suffer from cold and hunger; 衣食住行 food, clothing, housing and transportation)5 隐隐蜕壳shed his shell carefully (rather: on the sly; stealthily; secretly; furtively) 6 怕同种be afraid of ones kin (ones family or relatives) (rather: ones own kind/compatriot/breed)3过节Festival-celebrating孩提时住在农村During my childhood in the countryside/while a kid living in the countryside，常常盼望过节。I would always wait in eagerness for festivals to come/I always looked forward to festivals/I was always so impatient for festivals to come/I always couldnt wait for festivals to come/I was all the time expecting festivals with eagerness/I would always expect festivals to come with great eagerness记得as now I recall it/as now I could remember最有乐趣的节，莫过于年终的“谢天地” What impressed us most /What constituted the greatest fun of my childhood then was nothing but the Chinese thanksgiving ceremony, a ceremony held at the end of the Chinese lunar year to express gratitude to heaven and earth. /the end-of-year ceremony when we pay God our gratitude/the end-of-year ceremony held in gratitude for Gods kindness4那谢完天地之后，母亲用福礼汤（鸡、肉汤）下的银丝面条in the wake of the ceremony/after that mother would cook us “silver-thread noodles” in chicken and meat soup(they are so called because the noodles look like silver threads)，其鲜美无比至今还留下十分美好的记忆。The delicious taste remains fresh in my memory to this day./it turns out to be so delicious a taste that it lingers in my memory to this day. / the remarkable taste dwells in my memory till today.工作之后，Ever since I took/got a job/started my career我却渐渐对过节.不感兴趣了Ive gradually developed a distaste towards festivals/festival celebrating/my interest in festivals has been on the decrease/has begun to fade。原因是当我单身时，when I was still single,我喜欢看书，笔耕I loved both reading and writing。在写文章是经常需要随时查阅文献资料，writing needs to consult lots of relevant data and documents now and then in the libraries，which necessitated frequent trips to libraries如果遇上节日放假，suppose/in case such a need should arise during the holidays when libraries were usually not open图书馆关门，我就只好干着急，I would feel much dismayed,眼看时间白白流失，being entirely unable to make use of the valuable time that flew by所以我讨厌过节。Thats why I disliked festivals.在诸多家务中Of /Among the many household chores，每天买菜是我的任务。Buying vegetables became one of my everyday duties/going to the vegetable market was my everyday routine中国人过节， For us Chinese,吃是主要内容，Eating constitutes the biggest part of festival celebration为了显示过节的气氛和水平，in order to help create the festive atmosphere,少说也要搞它个十菜八肴的。To lay out at least eight to ten dishes a meal was a general practice. Fewer than that would be considered too mean.这样一来，so节前的紧张采购暂且不说，I was made frantic not only by the pre-festival shopping but also the leftovers afterwards. 节后的剩菜处理也落在我一个人身上，I had to eat the leftovers all alone妻孩们是不愿吃隔天菜的，because, to wife and the children, eating leftovers would be their last thing to do/was what they disliked in the extreme自幼来自农村且深受“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”陶冶的我，Brought up in the countryside and taught to believe profoundly in the need to treasure every grain of rice in our bowl,是断然不肯将能吃的剩菜倒掉的，I flatly refuse to throw away the leftovers/I simply couldnt bear to throw away /hadnt the heart to 于是节后天天吃剩菜。Therefore, for days after festivals, I had to eat festival leftovers所以我不喜欢过节。You may now come to understand why I hate festivals. /That is why I dislike celebrating festivals.Festival-CelebratingI always looked forward to festivals while a kid living in the countryside. As I now recall it, no other festival held greater fascination for me than “Thanksgiving” ceremony held at the end of the Chinese lunar year. To express gratitude to Heaven and Earth, Mother would use, among other dishes, “Thanks-for-Happiness Soup” (chicken and meat soup) as one of the offerings, and, the rituals over, she would cook the whitest and finest noodles (called “silver-thread noodles”) in the broth. The delicious taste lingers to this day!After I graduated and started my career, my interest in festival-celebrating began to fade. When I was single, I loved reading and writing, which necessitated frequent trips to libraries to consult the relevant data. When such a need should arise during the holidays when the libraries were usually not open, Id feel much dismayed, being absolutely unable to make use of the valuable time that flew by.Of the many household duties after my marriage, going marketing every day is my job. Festival celebration for us Chinese chiefly consists in eating. To help create the festival atmosphere and show off the level of the festivity, at least a score of meat and vegetable dishes should be laid out. So, besides the pre-festival frantic shopping, the post-festival disposal of the leftovers fell to my lot, my wife and children being loath to touch the leavings. Born in the countryside and always taught to believe profoundly in the need to “treasure each and every grain of rice in the bowl”, I flatly refuse to throw away the leftovers. Therefore, in the days immediately following the festival I had to finish up the scraps one by one. Hence, my distaste for the festivals.Evaluation and DiscussionCommon ErrorsMisinterpretation1工作之后，我却渐渐对过节不感兴趣了。1) I was not interested in the festival after work.2) After I worked, I didnt like Spring Festival gradually.3) Having worked, I was gradually not interested in celebrating a festival.4) After joining in the work, I was not interested in spending the festivals gradually.2记得最有趣的节，莫过于年终的谢天地。 The most interesting festival in my memory was the “Thank Heaven and Earth” at the end of the year.3谢天地 Thank Goodness/God/heaven(s): (used to express relief)4鸡、肉汤 chicken soup and pork soup/chicken and broth/chicken soup and meat soup.5. 在诸多家务中，每天买菜是我的任务。 In much housework, my duty was to buy meat and vegetable. (only one duty?)4多收了三五斗A good harvest year of an extra few dou（节选 Excerpted）旧毡帽朋友今天上镇来，原来有很多的计划的The old-felt-hat friends have come to town today with many plans in their mind./ They have to bring back home with many daily necessities.。洋肥皂用完了， They have run out of imported soap so they have to buy some home须得买十块八块回去。洋火也要带几匣。The same thing has happened to imported matches, so they need also buy several boxes of them.洋油向挑着担子到村里去的小贩买，十个铜板只有这么一小瓢，太吃亏了；A small ladle of paraffin, if bought from peddlers coming to sell in the villages, would cost ten coppers. It is really much too expensive. /Which borders on/sounds like a daylight robbery. On the contrary，如果几家人家合买一听分来用，就便宜得多。While if several households are willing to share the cost of a tin, in which case, the cost of a ladle would be brought down immensely.陈列在橱窗里的花花绿绿的洋布听说只要八分半一尺，Those colorful foreign prints on display in the shop windows were said to be only eight and a half cents a foot.女人早已眼红了好久，the womenfolk had been dreaming of buying some for a few months今天粜米就嚷着要一同出来，thats why they had insisted on coming with their husbands in the morning.自己几尺，阿大几尺，阿二几尺，都有了预算。They have long worked out exactly how many feet they needed for themselves, how many for their two kids, Treasure Big and Small有些女人的预算里还有一面蛋圆的洋镜，some womens budgets even included an oval imported mirror, or a snowy white square towel一方雪白的毛巾，或者一顶结得很好看的绒线的小囝帽or a nicely knitted pretty cap for their baby。难得今年天照应，Thanks to Gods kindness this yr一亩田多收这么三五斗，each mu of land had yielded an extra three or four pecks of rice一向捏得紧紧的手稍微放松一点，they think theres no need to be so careful with their money as they used to谁说不应该？缴租，还债，解会钱，大概能够对付过去吧；after paying the rent, their debts and the guild, there ought to be something left over this yr对付过去之外，大概还有多余吧。在这样的心境之下，有些人甚至想买一个热水瓶。With this in mind, a few of them had even toyed with the idea of buying a thermos flask.这东西实在怪，its really amazing.不用生火，热水冲下去，等会儿倒出来照旧是烫的；Without a fire, the hot water youd poured in stayed just as hot hours later when you poured it out.比起稻柴做成的茶壶窠来，果真是一个在天上，一个在地下。The difference between heaven and earth could hardly be greater than between a thermos flask and the straw-lined box in which they kept the teapot warm.A Year of Good Harvest（Excerpted)The owners of the old felt hats had come to the market today intending to buy many different imported products. They had run out of soap and must take back another ten bars or so, as well as a few packages of matches. Paraffin bought from the peddlers who came to the village cost ten coppers for a small ladle, if several households combined to buy a tin they would get much better value. Moreover it was said that the foreign prints displayed in the shop windows were only eighty-five cents a foot, and for months now the womenfolk had been dreaming of buying some. That was why they had insisted on coming today when the rice was to be sold, having worked out exactly how many feet they needed for themselves, how many for Big Treasure and Small Treasure. Some of the womens plans included one of those oval foreign mirrors, a snowy white square towel or a pretty knitted cap for the baby. Surely this year, when Heaven had been kind and each mu had yielded an extra three or four pecks, they were entitled to loosen the purse-strings usually held so tightly. For there ought to be something left over even after paying the rent, their debts and the guild. With this in mind, a few of them had even toyed with the idea of buying a thermos flask. Now that was an extraordinary thing! Without a fire, the hot water youd poured in stayed just as hot hours later when you poured it out. The difference between heaven and earth could hardly be greater than between a thermos flask and the straw-lined box in which they kept the teapot warm.Evaluation and DiscussionSupplementary Points:1. paraffin: kerosene 煤油，火油; a waxy, white or colorless, solid hydrocarbon mixture used to make candles, wax paper, lubricants, and sealing materials 石蜡，硬石蜡, 一种蜡质的白色或无色的固体碳化氢混合物，用于制做蜡烛、蜡纸、润滑剂和密封材料2. pedlar: peddler 商贩, 小贩; 传播(谣言等)的人; 美俚慢车; pedlar 's French (盗贼等的)隐语, 暗语3. peck: a unit of dry volume or capacity in the U.S. Customary System equal to 8 quarts or approximately 53