育才学校通州分校王文珍.ppt

,The present perfect tense,The present perfect tense,育才学校通州分校 王文珍,现在完成时,1.I have lived in Beijing . 2.He has become a teacher . 3.I have not seen the movie yet . 4.She has not visited your school before .,我一直住在北京。,他已经当了老师。,我还没看这部电影。,她以前没去过你们学校。,Translate the following sentences,5.Have you ever been to the Forbidden City before ? 6.I have been away from Shanghai for 3 days . 7.He has been to America twice . 8.It has been four years since his father died .,你以前去过故宫吗？,我离开上海已经3天了。,他去过美国两次。,他父亲已去世四年了。,1）现在完成时态表示 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 。 Our teacher has left . We have studied English . I have already finished the homework . He has had his lunch . He has become a doctor .,主语+have / has + 过去分词+,1. 构成,2. 意义,2）某个动作从过去已经开始， 一直持续到现在, 还有可能持续到将来，动作的 持续性要通过一段时间来表示。,一段时间的表达方法有 两 种: For : + 一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years,Since ：过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句, since you came. since you got home.,! :for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间. 对划线部分提问都用 How long .,1） He has been away since last week .,2）He has been away for one week .,对下列划线部分进行提问。,练一练 ：,A: _ your brother _ a new watch? (buy ) B: Not yet.,Key words,Has bought,yet,A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be ) B: Yes, I went there last summer.,Key words,Have been,yet,ever,I _ never _ of anything like that. (hear ),Key words,have heard,yet,ever,never,Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work ),Key words,has worked,yet,ever,never,since,A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach ) B: For 6 years.,Key words,have taught,yet,ever,never,since,for,_ you _ the Forbidden City (紫禁城) before ? (visit ),Key words,Have visited,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,He _ already _ a job. (find),Key words,has found,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,We _ only _ the first five questions so far. (discuss ),Key words,have discussed,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,Great changes _ in Beijing in the past 10 years. (take place ),Key words,have taken place,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,He _ a lot of good things in his life. (do ),Key words,has done,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,in his life,I _ him recently. (not hear from ),Key words,havent heard from,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,in his life,recently,He _ in this city ever since then. (live ),Key words,has lived,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,in his life,recently,ever since then,can you distinguish?,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,Her sister _ Australia, She left this morning.,has gone to,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: Where is Bob ? B: He _ Japan with his sister.,has gone to,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: I havent seen you for a long time. Where _ you _? B: I _ the United States.,have been to,have been,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: How long _ you _ China? B: I _ here for 3 years.,have been,have been in,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,A: _ you ever _ the city ? B: No , never .,Have been to,can you distinguish?,去过 常与ever, never, once,twice,连用,在 与时间段连用 用how long 提问,去了 说话时某人不在 只用于第三人称,We _ Germany many times in the past 3 years.,have been to,have been (to)和have gone (to)以及have been (in)的区别：,have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地, 说话时此人很可能 不在那里, 已经回来. 侧重指经历。,have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地, 说话时此人 在那里，或可能在路上, 反正不在这里。,have / has been (in) 表示“来/去某地(多长时间)”, 现在仍在 那儿，强调状态。,He has been to Beijing (twice). 他曾去过北京(两次). He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京. He has been in Beijing for three weeks. 他已经来/去北京三个 周了。,1.我们买这本书三年了.,We have had the book for three years .,2.他感冒三天了.,He has had a cold for three days.,We bought the book three years ago .,He caught a cold three days ago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成 同意句,3.自从上星期我借的这本书,I have kept the book since last week.,4.我成为一个学生两年多了.,I have been a student for over two years.,I borrowed the book last week.,I became a student two years ago.,5.Mr Black死了三年了。,Mr Black has been dead for three years.,Mr Black died three years ago.,总结：一般过去时与现在完成时之比较,1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调 动作, 不说明现在的情况；现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在 的影响, 强调的是现在的影响。,2）过去时常与表过去的时间连用，而现在完成时通常与包括现在的 在内的时间连用，或无时间状语。, 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语。, 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this April, now, once， before, already, recently，lately等。, 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in the past/last five years, already 等不确定的 时间状语。,Practise:Put the following sentences into English. A: 火车已经开走了. B: 什么时候开走的? A: 半个小时之前开走的. A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. B: 你在哪儿买的? A: 在我老家买的. A: 你看过这部电影吗? B: 看过. A: 什么时候看的. B: 上周星期天看的.,A: The train has left.,B: When did it leave.,A: It left half an hour ago.,A: Ive had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown.,A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday.,The past tense or the present perfect tense,know,have known,knew,The past tense or the present perfect tense,saw,have,lost,The past tense or the present perfect tense,have,did,move,lived,The past tense or the present perfect tense,did,has finished,see,saw,现在完成时中结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.,1. 直接用 延续性动词 buy catch(get) a cold borrow Come/go /become put on ,2. 转换成 be+名词 join the army Join the Party go to school ,have,have a cold,keep,be,wear,be a soldier,be a Party member,be a student,3. 转换成 be + 形容词或副词 die finish begin leave be away fall sleep be asleep close be closed,4. 转换成 be + 介词短语 go to school be in school join the army be in the army,be dead,be over,be on,总结：延续动词与瞬间动词 1) 用于完成时的区别： 延续动词表示经验,经历;瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与时段连用,He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果) I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) I have come here for two years. She has bought the bike for half a year. Have you borrowed the book for three weeks?,2) 用于till / until 从句的差异： 延续动词用于肯定句,表示“做直到 为止”, 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示“直到才”。,He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。 I didnt go to bed until mother returned. 我直到妈妈回来才睡觉. They will wait for her until she comes back.她们将会等到她回来.,Exercises,1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _? A havent you B have you C do you D dont you 2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A has B do C did D have 3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it? A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch,B,D,C,4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live 5. His grandma _ for two years. A died B has been dead C was dead D has died,6. Where is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A has gone B has been C goes D had gone 7. -_you_ to the United States ? - No, never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.,8. You havent changed your mind,_? A do you B are you C have you D did you,B,B,A,C,C,A Has been B Hasgone C Havebeen D Havegone,9. How long have you _ the football team of the school? A been on B been at C joined D played 10. -Where have you _ these days? - I have _ to Dazhu with my friends. A been,gone B been,been Cgone,been Dgone,gone 11. How long have you _ this book? A bought B borrowed C had D lent 12. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? - Yes, I _ it last night. A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have,saw 13. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A is he B isnt C hasnt D has he,A,B,C,D,D,用动词的正确形式填空。 1.A:Do you want a pen ? B:No, I dont . I _ _ (buy) one . 2.How long _ you _ (study)in this school ? 3.A:Where is your mother ? B:She _ (go) shopping . 4.My uncle _ (teach)here since he came here . 5.Li Lei _ already _ (give)the nuts to Polly . 6.Miss Gao _ (teach) English very well . 7.Listen ! Someone _ (knock) at the door . 8.My father _ (go)to Beijing . He isnt at home . 9.Mother said she _ (take)me to my Uncles the next Sunday . 10._ you ever_ (be) to London ?,have bought,have,studied,has gone,has taught,has,teaches,is knocking,has gone,would take,been,given,Have,Please complete the dialogue,A: _. B: Good afternoon. Whats_? A: I_ a cough. I cough _ the time. B: _temperature ? A: Yes, it seems _ be all right. B: _? A: _ yesterday morning. B: _you _ anything _eat this morning? A: No. I dont feel like _. B: Theres nothing serious. _ this medicine three _ a_.Youll be better soon. A: Thank you, doctor. Goodbye. B: Goodbye.,Good afternoon, doctor,wrong with you,have had,all,Have you taken your,to,How long have you been like this,Since,Have,had,to,eating,Take,times,day,Fill in the blanks with the simple present, simple past or present perfect tense of the verbs,am,have lived,has changed,came,worked,dont have,havent found,had,have met,havent known,have always wanted,got,havent bought,came,has not been,Bye -bye !,