小学英语代词讲解与练习(超精).pdf

代词 （一）人称代词 一、概念 人称代词是表示我、你、他/ 她/ 它、我们、你们和（他/ 她/ 它）们的词。人称代词有人称、格 和数的变化，具体见下表： 单数复数 主 格宾 格主 格宾 格 第一人称I me we us 第二人称you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 二、人称代词的用法 1一般情况下，人称代词的主格作主语，放在句子的开头。 I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。 （I 是主语） You are 10 years old. 你 10 岁了。（You 是主语） He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 （He是主语） It is hot today. 今天天气热。 （It 是主语） 2宾格作宾语，通常放在动词，如：let, like, help,give,ask等的后面；或介词，如：for, to, of,at等的后面。 Let s go . (let s =let us) Can you help me？你能帮我吗？（me是宾语） The cake is for you. 这个蛋糕是给你的。 （you 是宾语） 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或用在not 后，多用宾格。 -I like English.-Me too. -Who broke the window?-Me.(me作表语 = It's me.) Why not me?( 为什么不是我？) 3作表语 ,口语中常用宾格 -Who is that？-It's me. 是谁啊？是我。 （me是表语） 三、注意 1人称代词I 无论放在句首、句中或句尾，都要大写。 2人称代词she 除了指女性“她”之外，还可以指祖国、月亮等拟人的东西。表示一种亲密或 爱抚的感情。 如： I love my country. She is great. The moon is in the sky. She is round and bright. 四、It 的特殊用法 1一般情况下，it表示人以外的动物和东西，是单数名词的代词，译为“它”。 Where is your car？It is over there. 你的小汽车在哪儿？（它）在那边。 2但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it ，并不译为“它”。 数 格 人 称 1）指天气 :It is sunny today. 今天阳光灿烂。 2）指气候 :It's cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 3）指时间 :What time is it？It's six thirty. 几点了？六点半了。 4）指距离 :How far is it from here to the park？从这儿到公园有多远？It's about two miles. 大约是二英里。 3 “ it ” 有时也可指人。 It's me. Open the door, please. 五、并列人称代词的排列顺序： 1、单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称第三人称第人称 如： you，he，and I 2、复数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称第二人称第三人称 weyouthey 注意：如果是做错事，承担责任时，说话的人把I 放在第一位。 Who broke the window？谁打碎了玻璃？I and Li Ming.我和李明 . （二）物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词 性物主代词二种，物主代词也有人称和数的变化，见下表： 数 人称 类别 单数复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形 容 词 性 物 主 代词 my your his her its our your their 名 词 性 物 主 代 词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的 他（她、它） 们的 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词，表示是属于谁的东西。 如： I love my country. 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于对应的形容词性物主代词 +名词 , 故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No, it isnt， it s hers(her book) /Jims /Tom s/Maria s This is her book. = This book is hers. （三）指示代词 表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。指示代词有 this ，that ，these ，those 等。 this （复数形式是these ） ，是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。 that （复数形式是those ） ，是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. I am busy these days. （我这些日子很忙。 ） That is a red car. What do you like? I like this. （四）反身代词 反身代词是表示我自己, 你自己 , 他自己 , 我们自己 , 你们自己 , 他们自己等的词。 第一人称第二人称第三人称第三人称第三人称 单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselve s yourselve s themselve s themselve s themselve s 如： She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 I am teaching myself computer. 我自学计算机。 Take good care of yourself. 把自己照顾好。 You should ask the children themselves. 你应该问一问孩子们自己。 Enjoy yourself.玩的愉快。 人称代词口诀： I 是主格 me 是宾，请你一定记在心；主格用在动词前，动词介词后用宾。 you 是主格，也是宾， ； he 是主格 him 是宾， she 是主格 her 是宾， it 是主格，也是宾， we 是 主格 us 是宾， you 是主格，也是宾， they 是主格 them 是宾。 相关练习题 一、填写下面的表格。 主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数I my 复数us ours 第二人称 单数you your yours 复数you 第三人称 单数 him his she her it its 复数them 格 性 数 人 称 二、用人称代词代替下单词或词组。 1Mike 2Mr White 3Tom and I 4Joan and John 5My father 6the rabbit 7Miss White 8Kate,Tim and I 9Joan s mother 10their brother 三、选词填空。 1. _ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you 2. My uncle bought a new bike for _. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I 3. She is a student, _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his 4. Could you help _ with _ English, please. A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I 5. A friend of _ came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him D. himself 6. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _. A. Toms, my, he B. Tom's, mine, his C. Tom's, mine, him D. Tom's, my, his 7. Most of _like Chinese food. A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs 8. Don't you let _ help you ? A. I and my friend B. my friend and IC. my friend and me D. my friend and I to 9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _ . A. I B. me C. my D. mine 10. That's not _, it is_. I made it _ . A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself 四、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He/ His ）name is Mark. 4. Whats（she / her ）name? 5. Excuse （me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I/ My ）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you ）. 10. How old is （he / his） 五、根据中文提示，用代词的适当形式填空。 1、There is a new dress for _ （他的） siter. 2、This is _（我的） wallet. _ （我的）is red. 3、Whose _calculators are these? _（他们） are ours （我们的） 4、Give _（她 ） a toy, please. 5、_你们的）eyes are black. _ （你们）come from Japan. 6、Tim and Bill are twins. _（他们） are from England. Show _ （他们） around _ ( 我们的） school. 7、Give the book to _ （我） . 8._(他的) chair is blue. _( 我们的 ) is yellow. 9_(我们的 ) classroom is big._( 你们的 ) is small. 10._(他) often plays basketball after school. 五、用代词的适当形式填空。 1There is a letter for _ (her 、hers) mother. 2That is _ (she ) coat. The coat is red. _ (its)is a new one. 3Whose pens are these? _(their) are _ (we). 4Give _(he) a toy, please. 5_(we) eyes are black. _ (us) come from Japan. 6 Tim and Bill are twins. _ （their） are from England. _ (them) parents are teachers in the No.6 Middle School. 7Give the book to _(I ). 8These books are _(we). 9That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 10The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 11Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I ) 12_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _.( he ) 13I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you ) 14Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 15I have a beautiful cat. _ name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 16. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ is a nurse. ( she ) 17That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he ) 18Where are _ ? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 19. _ don t know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we ) 20These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she ) sister. 21. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 22. Now _(her parent) are in America. 23. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students. 24. Do you know _ ( it ) name? 25. Thanks for helping _( I ). 26. _(Ann)mother is _(we) teacher. 27. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends. 28. That is not_ kite.That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 29. The dress is_. Give it to _. ( she ) 30. Is this_watch? (you) No, it's not _. ( I ) 31. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps(邮票) are _. ( he ) 32. _dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you ) 33. Here are many dolls, which one is_ ? ( she ) 34. I can find my toy,but wheres _ (you)? 35. Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 36. I have a beautiful cat. _ name is Mimi.These cakes are_. ( it ) 37. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not theirs. _ aren't here. ( they ) 38. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 39.I am teaching _computer. （my） 一、用适当的人称代词填空： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _is in the east of Asia. ( its ) 3. I own a blue bike. The red one isn t _. ( I ) 4. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive.( them ) 5. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn t _? ( them ) 6. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. _ brother lives with _ and h elps _ with_ lessons. ( she ) 7. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at Engliush . ( his ) 8. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ? ( she ) 9. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. ( its ) 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空 1. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of _ ? ( you ) 2. George has lost _ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if （是否） she will lend him _ . ( she ) 3. Jack has a dog and so have I. _ ( he ) dog and _ ( I ) had a fight (打架). 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ ( he ) 5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us. ( they ) 6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . (we ) 三、用适当的代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they， them， their， theirs) away. 2. (We， Us， Our， Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _(she， her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my， mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree.Can you help _(he ，him，his)? 5. These are _(he ，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I ，me，mine). 6. We cant find our bikes.Can you help _(we ，us，our，ours)? B. 填入正确的代词 1. This isn t_knife. _ is green. ( she ) 2. These are your books ，Kate. Put _ in the desk ，please. (they ) 3. _ must look after _ things. ( you ) 4. Wei Fang ，is that _ ruler? Yes ，it s.( you ) 5. They want a football. Give _ the green one ，please. ( they) 6. It s Lin Taos bag. Give it to _. ( he ) 7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei s? No，_ is very new. ( he ) 8. This box is too heavy. I cant carry _. ( it ) Don t worry，Let _( I ) help _. ( you) 9. _ is a boy _ name is Mike. Mikes friends like _ very much. ( he ) 10. My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher. ( she ) 11. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse. ( she ) 12. We are in _ classroom. _ classroom is big. ( we) 13. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy ( them)