人教新课标知识点总复习必修三-Unit-2-Healthy-eating.pdf

Unit 2 Healthy eating 核心单词 1. balance n. 天平；平衡；结余，余额 v.平衡；权衡 Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗? If you earn 100 and spend 60，your balance is 40. 如果你挣100 英镑，花60 英镑，那么你就会结余40 英镑。 You have to balance the advantages of living in the country against the disadvantages. 你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。 常用结构 : keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡 keep ones balance 保持平衡 lose ones balance 失去平衡 out of balance 不平衡 a sense of balance 平衡感 bank balance 银行余额 blance of trade 贸易差额 keep balance of nature 保持生态平衡 The two trucks had wheels out of balance on delivery. 这两部卡车在交货时车轮失去了平衡。 The boy has a lot of disadvantages, but on balance I think he is still a good boy. 这个男孩有很多缺点，但全面考虑，我认为他仍然是好孩子。 联想拓展 balanced adj. 合理的；收支平衡的；镇静的 balanced diet 均衡饮食 a balanced judgement 公平的判决 高手过招 单项填空 In education there should be a good among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment.(2009 · 12· 江西玉山检测) A.distribution B.balance C.combination D.assignment 解析 :选 B。balance 平衡； distribution 分发 ,分配 ,散布 ,分布； combination 结合 ,联合； assignment分配，功课，任务，被指定的（课外）作业；（分派的）任务，委派。根据句意， 选 B。 2. lie vi. had laid B. lain; had laid C. lying; had lain D. laid; had been lain 解析 :选 C。第一空是 “ 处于 /在于 ”的现在分词，第二空是其过去完成时。 3. amount n. 数量 vi. 合计，总计达；相当于，等同于 常用结构 : amount to 总共达；相当于；等于 an amount of . 大量的 the amount of . 的数量 Planning without any real action amounts to nothing. 只计划不行动等于什么都不做。 The total cost of repairs amounted to $100. 修理费用总计达100 美元。 联想拓展 表示数量的短语及用法： a great deal of，a largesmall huge amount of+不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语用单数形式) largevast amounts of+不可数名词 (作主语，谓语用复数形式) many，a goodgreat many，a number of，large numbers of，a few，dozens of ，scores of+ 可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式) plenty of, a lot of+可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式)；也可接不可数名词(作主语，谓 语用单数形式） a large quantity of+ 名词， large quantities of+名词（作主语，谓语与quantity 一致） I need a large amount of money to buy a new house. 我买新房需要一大笔钱。 高手过招 单项填空 Because of mail we receive，we may not be able to reply to your letter.Please remember to include your full name with your letter. (2009· 12· 江西师大附中检测) A. a great many of B. a large number of C. a large amount of D. a great plenty of 解析 :选 C。mail 邮件，不可数名词。故用a large amount of。 4. curiosity n. 好奇心 Children have a natural curiosity about the world around them. 小孩子对他们周围的世界有着天生的好奇心。 I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity. 我打开包裹只是为了满足我的好奇心。 常用结构 : out of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity = curiously 好奇地 联想拓展 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事 高手过招 完成句子（原创） Margaret looked at him (好奇地 ). She decided to try a cigarette (出于好奇 ). All the employees in this firm (好奇 ) the personal life of the general manager. (奇怪的是 ) enough, he had never seen the little girl. (好奇心 ) drove Mary to open her husband s letter though she knew it was wrong. 答案: with curiosityout of curiosity are curious aboutCuriouslyCuriosity 5. benefit vt. 有利，有益 n. 好处；利益；优势 常用结构 : benefit from/by. 从 受益，得益于 benefit sb. 对某人有益 be of (much, great)benefit to sb. =be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处 be of no benefit to sb. 对某人没有益处 for the benefit of . 为了 的利益 I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。 It is said Yoga is of great benefit to human health. 据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。 易混辨析 benefit/interest/profit/advantage benefit 为普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。它的复数 形式 benefits 意为 “ 救济金 ” 。 interest 作“ 利益 ” 讲时，多用复数形式， 既可指集团、 群体的利益， 又可指个人的利益。 interest 作不可数名词时，意为“ 利息 ” 。 profit 着重指收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利润。 advantage 指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得的利益与好处。 高手过招 单项填空 We should spend the money on something that will everyone. (2009· 12· 福建福州检测 ) A. benefitB. benefit from C. beneficialD. benefit to Never forget we receive from our parents. (2009· 12· 福建龙岩检测) A. the benefit B. the benefits C. beneficial D. to benefit Never forget we receive from our parents. (2009· 12· 福建龙岩检测) A. the benefit B. the benefits C. Beneficial D. to benefit 解析 : 选 A。此处需要用动词作谓语，benefit 可作及物动词，意为“ 对 有益 ” 。 选 B。句意为：永远不要忘记我们从父母那儿得到的恩惠。benefit 意为 “ 具体的好处 ” 时 是可数名词，可用复数形式。 6. combine vt. to 重点短语 8. get away with 被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚 If you cheat in the exam, you ll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。 I wont have you getting away with cheating in the exam. 我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。 联想拓展 get across=put across ( 使 )被理解； (把 )讲清楚 get rid of 摆脱；除掉 get away (from) (从) 脱离，逃脱 get down to (doing)sth. 开始认真地做某事 get in 插话；收获 get in touch with 与 取得联系 get into the habit of. 染上 的习惯 get into trouble 陷入困境 get out (of .) 出去，离开，逃脱，摆脱 get hold of 抓住 get on/along well with.与 相处得好； 进展顺利 (多用进行时 ) get over 爬过 ；克服 (困难 )；从 中恢复过来 get through 完成；花光 (时间、金钱等)；通过；接通电话 Hes not very good at getting his ideas across. 他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。 We should get rid of the bad style and keep the good. 我们应该摒弃不良作风，保持优良作风。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Youre coughing badly, Martin. Why not give up smoking? Give up smoking? Easier said than done, Amy. Once you the habit of smoking, it is very hard for you to . (2009· 12· 江苏启东检测) A. keep up; break it away B. take up; drop it out C. pick up; get rid of it D. build up; do away with it (2)完成句子（原创） To my surprise, the baby wolf (与 相处得不错 ) the dogs and then managed to survive. She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to (侥幸逃脱 ) it. Well, stop chatting. It s time we (开始，着手 ) some serious work. The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will (从 恢复过来 ) the shock soon. 解析 : (1)选 C。考查动词短语辨析。keep up 保持 ,继续 ,维持； break away 脱开；离开；逃 脱； take up 拿起；开始；从事；吸取；接纳；drop out 退出 ,退学； pick up 捡起 ,拾起； get rid of 摆脱；除掉；build up 逐步建立； do away with 废除 ,去掉。 (2)got on well withget away with got down toget over 9. take off 从 中去掉；脱掉（衣服） ；起飞；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行 Her singing career took off after her TV appearance. 她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业迅速发展。 Dont take off your sweater. Its cold here. 别脱掉毛衣，这儿冷。 联想拓展 take away 拿走，消除 (感情，痛苦等） take after （相貌、体格、性情等）像（父、母等） take back 收回 take down 拿下；记下；拆除 take in 欺骗；吸收；理解 take it easy 不紧张，不急 take on 呈现，具有 (特征、外观等） ；雇用 take out 拿出，取出；去掉 take over 接收，接管 take up 拿起；开始（从事） ；继续；占据（时/空间） take apart 拆开（机器等） take for 认为，以为；误以为 Take away my good name, take away my life. (谚)美名失去，生命不存。 Dont be taken in by his charm-he is ruthless. 不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。 高手过招 用适当的介词或副词填空（原创） I want to take the book which you showed me yesterday. Its sad to see the old museum being taken to make way for a new shopping center. She took the narrative( 叙事 ,故事 )where John had left off. My daughter does not take me in any way. When she fell ill her daughter took the business from her. 答案： away downupafterover 10. in debt 欠债；欠人情 She was in debt when she was poor, but has been out of debt since she got rich. 以前穷的时候她欠了债，可自从富了以后就不欠债了。 联想拓展 out of debt 不欠债 in trouble 处在困境中 in charge 管理；负责 in detail 详细地 in fact 事实上 in love 相爱 in need 需要 in surprise 惊奇地 in touch 保持联系 in danger 处在危险之中 in common 共有；共同 in general 通常；一般地说 in line 站队 in mind 意欲；心想 in order 有秩序地 in tears 在哭泣 in public 公开地；当众 高手过招 单项填空 Ill always be to you for your help. (2009 · 12· 江苏扬州检测) A.in debt B. debt C. running into debt D. debts 解析 :选 A。句意为：由于你的帮助，我总是欠你的。 11. before long 不久以后 The dictionary will be published before long. 不久以后这本词典将被出版。 联想拓展 long before 很久以前 long ago 很久以前 高手过招 完成句子 That happened (很久以前 ). I have seen that film (很久以前 ). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but (不久以后 ) it proved to be practicable. 答案： long agolong beforebefore long 12. cut down 削减；删节；砍伐 cut off 剪下来；切断；使突然中断 cut out 切去；省略；停止（做某事） cut up=cut into pieces 切碎；剪碎 cut through 穿过；穿透 cut in 插入；插嘴；超车抢道 高手过招 用 cut 相关短语的适当形式填空 Her little finger was in an accident at the factory. She the advertisement of the newspaper. He the park and reached there in time. I havent given up drinking but I m . I m sorry to on your conversation. You nearly caused a crash by (on me) like that. 答案 :cut offcut; outcut through cutting downcut incutting in 重点句型 13. “Nothing could be better, ” he thought. 他想： “ 再没有比这些更好吃的了。” 句中形容词（或副词）的比较级better 与否定词nothing 连用，表达最高级的含义。常用 的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly 等，表示最高级的含义。 Did you sleep well last night? 你昨夜睡得好吗？ Never better, like a rock. 从没这么好过，睡得很沉。 I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling. 我想没有比旅行更令人愉快的事了。 I can t think of a better idea. 我想不出一个更好的方法。 高手过招 单项填空 Your story is perfect. Ive never heard before. (2009· 12· 江苏南京检测) A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one 解析 :选 C。比较级与nothing, nobody, never 等否定词连用时，实际上表示最高级的意义， 意为 “ 再 也不过了；没有比 更 的了 ” 。句中的比较对象是一个尚未出现的新人 或新事物，故用不定冠词a/an 修饰。 14. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。 情态动词 +have done 情态动词must +have done 只用于肯定句中， 表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推 测，意为 “ 过去一定做过某事” 。 情态动词can/could可用于否定句中，即 cant have done /couldn t have done，表示对过 去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测，意为“ 过去不可能做过，肯定没做过某事” 。 此外，can/could have done 还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握 的推测，意为“ 过去可能做过 吗?” 注意：表推测的情态动词只有can/could，常用于疑问句中。 情态动词may/might +have done 表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测， might 语气稍弱一点儿，只能用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“ 过去可能做过某事或过去可能 没做过某事 ” 。 It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。 You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看过电影淘金热。 My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲。 I cant find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where can he have gone? 我在办公楼的任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去哪里了呢？ You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。 高手过招 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创） WhereMargaret (can; put) the empty bottles? She (can; throw) them away. They must be somewhere. Hurry up, Michael! Its ten to three. Goodness me! The class(must; begin). Ill be late again. 答案 :can; have put; cant have thrown must have begun 15. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他可不能让永慧哄骗 人们后跑掉。 have sb./sth. doing sth.让某人 /某事一直做某事，表示一个持续的动作。用于否定句中表示 不允许某人做某事。 He had me waiting for him for two hours. I can t bear it any more! 他让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！ It s rude of you to speak to father like that and I won t have you speaking to father like that in future. 你那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话了。 Won t have sb./sth. doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事/容忍某物 have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do 之前加上to) have sb./sth. done sth. 请别人做某事(自己不去做或无法做); (主语 )遭受了不好的事情 I d have you know that I am ill. 我要让你知道我病了。 Jack must have his motorbike repaired. 杰克必须把他的摩托车修理一下。 高手过招 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创） To my despair, the doctor me (have; wait) in the room for the whole afternoon. I my watch (have; repair) because it didn t work. I can t him (have; make) noise all the time. Yesterday Mum Tim (have; tidy) his room since it was in a mess. The woman her handbag (have; rob) yesterday. 答案 :had; waiting had; repaired have;makinghad; tidy had; robbed 16. I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu, . 我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才发现你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的 I thought/I didn t know/I didn t think 表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过 去将来时。 I never thought you would come to see me and bring me such a wonderful gift. 我根本没想到你会来看我并给我带来如此好的礼物。 高手过招 单项填空 Oh, it s you. I you in this city. How long have you been here? (2009· 12· 河北邯郸检测) A. dont know; were B. hadnt known; are C. havent known; are D. didn t know; were 解析 :选 D。句意为：我不知道你在这座城市。你在这座城市待了多久？I thought/I didn t know/I didn t think 表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过去将来时。 鱼知 水恩，乃幸福之源也。鱼离不开水，人离不开亲人和朋友，当你处于逆境和灾难时，帮助你一臂之力，渡过难关的人，都是你的亲人和朋友。吃水不忘挖井人，度过苦难，不能忘记援助过你 的人。知恩图报，善莫大焉。 一个人要想获得幸福，必须懂得感恩。生活需要一颗感恩的心来创造，一颗感恩的心需要生活来滋养。 一饭之恩，当永世不忘。顺境里给你帮助的人，不能全部称作朋友，但是能够在你逆境时依然愿意援助你，走出困境的人，一定是你要用一生去感谢和珍惜的人。 唐代李商隐的晚晴里有这样一句诗：天意怜幽草，人间重晚晴。久遭雨潦之苦的幽草，忽遇晚晴，得以沾沐余辉而平添生意。 当一个人闯过难关的时候，一定要记住那些支撑你，陪你一起走过厄运的朋友和亲人，这个世界谁也不亏欠谁，帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。如古人所说：淡看世事去如烟，铭记恩情存 如血。 学会感恩父母养育之恩，学会感恩朋友的帮助之情，生活里做一个有情有义的人。 你要知道，父母，永远是你最亲近的人，是最爱你的人，不管他们的方法怎么错误？可是爱你的心，都是一样的。千万不要因为自己一时的私心，而忘记感恩。 我们常常希望别人都对自己有情有义，可是想得到别人你真情，首先你必须先付出真情。你帮助别人，不要记在心里，别人帮助你，你要懂得感恩和感动，而不是当做理所当然。 你要知道别人帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。侍父母，要孝顺，对朋友，要真诚。不管你生活的精彩或者混沌，孝顺父母，颐养天年。 一父养十子，十子养一父。在这个美好的时代，中华很多的美德都在逐渐消失，做子孝为天，但是总有一些人，自己活在天堂，硬生生的把父母扔进地狱。 鱼知水恩，乃幸福之源也。鱼离不开水，人离不开亲人和朋友，当你处于逆境和灾难时，帮助你一臂之力，渡过难关的人，都是你的亲人和朋友。吃水不忘挖井人，度过苦难，不能忘记援 助过你的人。知恩图报，善莫大焉。 一个人要想获得幸福，必须懂得感恩。生活需要一颗感恩的心来创造，一颗感恩的心需要生活来滋养。 一饭之恩，当永世不忘。顺境里给你帮助的人，不能全部称作朋友，但是能够在你逆境时依然愿意援助你，走出困境的人，一定是你要用一生去感谢和珍惜的人。 唐代李商隐的晚晴里有这样一句诗：天意怜幽草，人间重晚晴。久遭雨潦之苦的幽草，忽遇晚晴，得以沾沐余辉而平添生意。 当一个人闯过难关的时候，一定要记住那些支撑你，陪你一起走过厄运的朋友和亲人，这个世界谁也不亏欠谁，帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。如古人所说：淡看世事去如烟，铭记恩情存 如血。 学会感恩父母养育之恩，学会感恩朋友的帮助之情，生活里做一个有情有义的人。 你要知道，父母，永远是你最亲近的人，是最爱你的人，不管他们的方法怎么错误？可是爱你的心，都是一样的。千万不要因为自己一时的私心，而忘记感恩。 我们常常希望别人都对自己有情有义，可是想得到别人你真情，首先你必须先付出真情。你帮助别人，不要记在心里，别人帮助你，你要懂得感恩和感动，而不是当做理所当然。 你要知道别人帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。侍父母，要孝顺，对朋友，要真诚。不管你生活的精彩或者混沌，孝顺父母，颐养天年。 一父养十子，十子养一父。在这个美好的时代，中华很多的美德都在逐渐消失，做子孝为天，但是总有一些人，自己活在天堂，硬生生的把父母扔进地狱。