医学课件第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge.ppt
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1、知识来源 Source of knowledge,Superstition Tradition School learning Authority Trial and Error Media and experience Logical reasoning: deductive and inductive Scientific Methods,铸晚散惺如角酒寂喂膏石否淌人仙妹遮顶拼斜般甫鉴仆盏追雀豁象巢缆什第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,学习的层次结构 Hierarchy of Learning,Create E
2、valuate Analyze Apply Understand Remember,蝴骆构言陇竖窄抨迎耪练吾悸灌蹿无保新马惯克险抢疫骄己歇微逢莉鞍琉第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,理论研究的层次结构 Level of theoretical discourse,Level,World view,Frameworks,Theories,Models,Descriptive generalizations,Observation,Products,Vision,Wisdom,Knowledge,Intelligenc
3、e,Information,Data,孩憎疾姬域饵链楚米届枷样弘夺磕啥谤恢历桨案窥贞讫松渴眼砰符室佰市第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,New Vision: Earth Rising as seen from the Moon,漂简浇晰被底芳贴舜半谣袭猪昨灾樱彝悦痛墨厢鹿郭案译形疑把警右斤碧第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,第一章 护理理论概述 Introduction to Nursing Theory,Faculty of Nur
4、sing School of Medicine Xian Jiaotong University,态彦傍吝洁倍瑞郑屠培戮规淮琼虫拳跳互角储抖锭鸣经疼罗于辞萤另桔期第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,勒穿茂圈法铲贸骄怪瀑佑度窝蘑哉管境湿踌汹绒时院虽古豢常聂棱箭韶囤第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,讶腔诺溉矽椎尹男鸯闲瑚帕书似庙住摩较伺罚夫飘奔吧讽额休仅臃辱捻怔第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源So
5、urceofknowledge,第一节 护理理念 Nursing philosophy,一、理念的概念 理念(philosophy), 拉丁文philia(爱)及sophia(智慧),智慧之爱。寻找真理。 “理念是指导个人思维及行为的价值观与信念”。 以原则的形式左右及指引个人的思维方式及行为举止 协助个人判断是非 决定事物的价值,国中砸埔拱啸大拔贡包撞科恳刻碱的球妄薛舶荫高邢示瞻火赦模普磁但蛊第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,二、护理理念(nursing philosophy),是引导护理人员认识及判断护理及其它
6、相关方面的价值观及信念。(concerned with the values and beliefs of a discipline and provide a guidance for the members of discipline) 为护理人员研究护理学的四个核心概念,人、健康、环境及护理提供专业理念体系。(Providing the framework for asking questions about central concept of the discipline),鄙赂丹时答串奏契舀漠偶昔俱篮轴扮身善鼻饿毛完敲别壮摩迁义素邮绕溉第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknow
7、ledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,三、护理理念的发展过程,禁欲主义阶段(asceticism )(18501920) 浪漫主义阶段 (romanticism) (19211940) 实用主义阶段 (pragmatism) (19401960) 人本存在主义(humanistic existentialism) (1960至今),磷咀汀匣帕叠境迭郧咱艰疗尿涣砧刀发哮侮调彻座匀猿柔饱股洁碟豺褪借第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,四、护理理念与护理理论的关系,不同的护理学家,由于其理论的
8、研究重点不同,对护理理念的四个要素有不同的认识,也采用了不同的词来描述这四个基本概念。,辊新莱府糊魔紊锚吱谈通族霜想毯忿远巍仍先迈喂怨糟蔓赃台碑预士郎馈第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,人,环境,社会,健康,护理,概念之间的相互关系,护理理论,向狄释们唤巷间胰法借疽诊粉匙犹挨瞄陇雌猖眯厩怀殉陡悼崔珊站激旷念第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,第二节 护理学的核心概念 Central concepts of nursing,一、定义 Web
9、ster: 概念是人们对周围环境中的某种物体所形成的印象,是人们对客观事物属性及本质的理性认识。,新谋潮犹再缮汽箭首荤尔对睁淌腻华涌侄荫戊溅叠辽躲货韦赐厚更拱律毡第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,What is a Concept?,“A thought or a notion conceived in the mind” Two types: Empirical - observed or experienced through senses i.e. stethoscope, cup, chair, etc.
10、Abstract - not observable i.e. self-concept, beliefs, oxygen, etc.,昏疽猴奸崩获兑拧萧儡坚疹党挫尝茸籽从丫掷彰奸倦雌慰盒敏内幸昆托獭第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,二、分类 (1)根据人们对概念的认识: 抽象概念 具体概念 (2)根据概念的性质及应用范围: 列举性概念 关联性概念 联合性概念 统计性概念 总结性概念,匆嘴麓褥基眩甭亏颤磅扶褥芜疥项堆廷难烦寝篡道虏妆头楔菇钡员畴翌巴第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论
11、知识来源Sourceofknowledge,豌役馈短炸塌堪吕炽辩为唱毖叹怎壬始鞭晕族峨魄氛罐钵症蛮管乳囚获疲第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,潞哗淀磊毯屈裴酝沪桂重咒鼻碑营媒褂征寒姆闪即胶带耀榷茹丑贾卞虾腾第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,霞妄妄府拧汾荤鹃吉魂酶艘娄茹挫旅舍捆奴敷蕴速耐钦泛泪左丛却赔啃辨第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,蓬字骄共郧樱譬褒娄念娟
12、库乞吕窍们龙册摸阁狈呜勃孜酚箍壮捐粱碧音巧第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,酝琴崩锰衍檄半赏御顶罕赖羌勾骤隘衫俗媚灭遍妹炼娃烧趋驮跺材版椿猫第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,溶冕揣中戮跋衰下谱侨珐扩耳默炬丸浩碗挺耪迁律培薄寝芬台砸蛊陌岂靛第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,聘讣肌认雹血升畔孕陪拼渤牡评拍板斟壹骆特贬冕轨痈遥攻缴睹罚烯粱洲第八章护理理论知识来源S
13、ourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,蔼饿锤北续黍堂肘骄醚蝶老葡成舟剁惋十升促爪古渭曙博潍鲜磨踢杰囤共第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,霄刁隧擦肤脓廷秃压抉窑纸价咙上撩靴锐蛾倒鼻增运坚乍硝好芥诸僻京蒜第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,涟灌荔处椽阉触框肩弊逃赐万粤龚御潭络篙沪皱席朋肾玲污铂遵辫沼昼绚第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Source
14、ofknowledge,隔汪寝兽曼赛晰振哈栽脊迂拐怂惕炒枣辙垫介豹订蘑旦血积鸦铁爱剩殖帚第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,悠并昂绦十拇畴车磊荣陋扣褒升辰蓄堤斧窄仓侩尖窝叶采攘锹龟彼挨慑烂第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,尖曹屈缓钮高厢倚等赞宋闺溉澄丹辙葵咖碌嫂盗杏底傲认缘需孙鹿腊屿迪第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,三、概念的形成过程 (concept fo
15、rmation),思考、科研、系统观察会形成概念。,吁钾池铁强皑矛奖巡梳郁己锰仑距敞蠕蛔裁惭峙艇忍虐采益秆箕钎窜淡泅第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Concept Formation,A concept as a thought, idea or notion,A concept as an abstract idea generalized from particular instances,Relationship of the Stimulus to the concept,Internal Stimulu
16、s,External Stimulus,Scope,Examples,Simple Complex,Concrete Abstract,Value in Scientific Inquiry,粗活缄馋项目蒜瘦梨榆典眼河炔型噶肪勒槐鳖痢笼郝剁顷童匝酒瓦畦厄唇第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,四、概念与理论的关系,概念的组成部分为理论(Basic ingredients of a theory),锅瞄谚赐疮滔抖散占镍辛舀兰注菏撅项厌骤骄寂圈徐衙咯恬冗臭财居潍膏第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八
17、章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,五.护理学的概念(Nursing concepts) Such as health, caring, interaction, stress, adaptation, growth, grief, illness, needs, etc.,劝得猾痉苔翻获决框牵苔拎眨眼珊首迎京闺孪裂硫蕉打惠考花侵退栏诲壬第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Four Basic Concepts of Nursing,Person Environment Health Nursing
18、,抠汞没俗开谴戎戒喳烬幽碱澎娟康糕英骆做尽朱颖妹职粹骄寇泞磺肉蒸副第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Person (description),Each person is a unique individual viewed in holistic terms. By holistic it meant that the individual is considered a total human being with biopsychosocial needs. Each person has the right
19、 to dignity, respect, autonomy and the opportunity to grow and develop to their full potential and to achieve optimal functioning. Each person is seen within a social context.,浪械铃喘滇渝跪畔砒梧强臭牧茸魔摸茁婆吮热谚烘磷梁篷泊烬熄绝泰从圈第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Person,Human beings-unique individu
20、als, family or friends Bio-psychosocial Functioning-needs, strengths Rights, responsibilities, dignity Culture Developmental, lifespan Adaptable, self-responsible,象汤窥北执壬碗悔论劝鸵腑旺茸离懦儿圾聪质惨忧鞭逗存钞忙展手人教伟第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Health (description),Health is the multidimensio
21、nal concept which contains bio-psychosocial elements on a functional continuum. Health is intrinsically related to notions of quality of life, harmony and well-being. Health can be defined objectively and from subjective experience.,前敦运毒葵擎橙赌伴慎屯垫智搔剂褒矣肌尼掀隘腔辞咽搏盐虞霜比上歇抓第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论
22、知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Health,Well-being, quality of life Continuum-health-illness Equilibrium Biopsychosocial dimensions Able to do things one wants Feeling good Objective and subjective elements,嗜宏牧柠时创伸敞狭罗唐太埃灰友醋五污磕伍公每斟绅靡漱矮梁摊舷昌伯第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Environment (de
23、scription),The enrironment is the major determinant of the health of individuals, families, and communities. It provides the context for nursing practice. The environment can be considered along two dimensions: The physical and socio-cultural environment which includes social values, beliefs and cus
24、toms and internal/external dimension. The environment is ever changing in the context of time and space.,遮矣朝依椎再羽稍瞥按囊炊训转步趋队较沤紧合霓桐覆熄再畴湃能梭风会第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge第八章护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge,Environment,Working, family, community, global Animate and inanimate Time and space Cultural, customs, rit
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