最新英语时态复习汇编.doc
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1、英语时态 The verb tense 一.概念 英语中表示不同的时间,以不同方式发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示。这种不同的动词时态就称为动词时态。英语中共有16种时态,以ask 为例,将其各种时态的构成列表如下现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般ask / asksaskedwill askwould ask进行is / am / are askingwas / were askingwill be askingwould be asking完成have / has askedhad askedwill have askedwould have asked完成进行have /
2、has been askinghad been askingwill have been askingwould have been asking1一般现在时:1)一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。一般现在时常以动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时,动词词尾加-s或-es。2)句型结构:主语.(包括be动词)宾语 She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00 every day.a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a wee
3、k 等时间状语连用。 I always watch TV at 8:00 in the evening. They go home once a week. We usually do our homework at home.b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east. The light travels faster than the sound.c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country.4)第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come-comes speak-speaks work-
4、works live-lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do-does go-goes finish-finishes brush-brushes fix-fixes pass-passes watch-watches c)以“辅音字母y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study-studies carry-carries cry-cries d)以“元音字母y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play-plays stay-stays2一般过去时1)一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态;还表示过去的习惯性动作。(纯粹的过去)只强调过去的事实,不表示和现
5、在的关系,和现在无关。通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last night ,two days ago, in 1990,in the past, just now,等连用。I was a student 6 years ago.I went to Beijing last year.They saw a film last night .2)句型结构:主语.过去时宾语4)动词过去式变化规则。 a)一般情况下的词加-ed. work-worked call-called laugh-laughed Explain-explained finish-finished knock-k
6、nocked b)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-d . live-lived change-changed smoke-smoked die-died c)以“辅音字母y”结尾的单词,变y为i加-ed. study-studied carry-carried try-tried marry-married d)以“元音字母y”结尾的单词直接加-ed. play-played stay-stayed e)以“一个元音字母一个辅音字母”结尾的单词应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ed. stop-stopped plan-planned pat-patted3一般将来时1)表示将来发生的动作或存在
7、的状态,常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a few days等连用。2)句型结构:将来时用法例句1will + 动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态(事物固有的属性或必然趋势)My sister will be ten next year.2be going to +动词原形1. 口语中表示“打算、计划”做某事;2. 根据现在的迹象,对未来进行推断;3. 用于条件句中,表将来;而will 不行It is going to clear up.We are going to have a part
8、y tonight.If you are going to come to my house, youd better phone me first.3be + doing进行时表示将来go; come; start; begin; move; leave; arrive; stay 等词可用进行时表示按照计划或即将发生的动作He is moving to the south.Are they leaving for Europe?4be about to +动词原形表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作,后面一般不跟时间状语I was about to leave when the bell
9、rang.The meeting is about to close.5be to + 动词原形表示按照计划或安排要做的事【解析】:We are to meet at the school gate at noon.抵销分录:6一般现在时表示将来一些起止的动词 come; go; leave; arrive; fly; return; start; begin; close; end; stop 等,用来表示时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情B激活凝血酶原 E增加组织因子的释放The meeting starts at five oclock.The plane leaves at ten t
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