最新高考理综化学知识点的归纳总结优秀名师资料.doc
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1、高考理综化学知识点的归纳总结2010年安徽高考理科综合 7.亚氨基锂(LiNH)是一种储氢容量高、安全性好的固体储氢材料,其储氢原理可表示为: LiNH+H LiNH+LiH ,2222下列有关说法正确的是 A. LiNH中N的化合价是-1 2B.该反应中H既是氧化剂又是还原剂 2+-C.Li和H的离子半径相等 D.此法储氢和钢瓶储氢的原理相同 8.下列实验操作或装置符合实验要求的是 A(量取15.00mL NaOH溶液 B.定容 C.电解制Cl和H D.高温煅烧石灰石 229.在pH1的溶液中,能大量共存的一组离子或分子是 ,2+-3+- - ,,A.Mg、Na、ClO、NO B.Al、C1
2、BrNH34+2-+- 2,2,C.K、CrO、CHCHO、 D.Na、K、C1SOSOi2734310.低温脱硝技术可用于处理废气中的氮氧化物,发生的化学反应为: 180 C,H0,2NH(g)+NO(g)+NO(g) 2N(g)+3HO 3222,催化剂在恒容的密闭容器中,下列有关说法正确的是 A. 平衡时,其他条件不变,升高温度可使该反应的平衡常数增大来源:学科网ZXXK B. 平衡时,其他条件不变,增加NH的浓度,废气中氮氧化物的转化率减小 3C. 单位时间内消耗NO和N的物质的量比为1:2时,反应达到平衡 2D. 其他条件不变,使用高效催化剂,废气中氮氧化物的转化率增大 +11.某固
3、体酸燃料电池以CsHSO固体为电解质传递H,其基本结构见下图,电池总反应可表示为:2H+O=2HO,下4222列有关说法正确的是 A(电子通过外电路从b极流向a极 -B(b极上的电极反应式为:O+2HO+4e=4OH 22C(每转移0.1mol电子,消耗1.12L的H2 +D(H由a极通过固体酸电解质传递到b极 Fe-Cr12.右图是三种稀酸对合金随Cr含量变化的腐蚀性实验结果,下列有关说法正确的是 should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occu
4、rs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resultin
5、g in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction stan
6、dards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for c
7、onstruction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pr
8、essure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installationFe-CrA.稀硝酸对合金的腐蚀性比稀硫酸和稀盐酸的弱 B.稀硝酸和铁反应的化学方程式是:Fe+6HNO(稀)Fe(NO)+3NO ?+3HO =33322Fe-CrC. Cr含量大于13%时,因为三种酸中硫酸的氢离子浓度
9、最大,所以对合金的腐蚀性最强 Fe-CrD.随着Cr含量增加,稀硝酸对合金的腐蚀性减弱 13.将0.01mol下列物质分别加入100mL蒸馏水中,恢复至室温,所得溶液中阴离子浓度的大小顺序是(溶液体积变化忽略不计) ?NaO ?NaO ?NaCO ?NaCl 22223A. ? B. ? C. ?=? D. ?=?=? 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试(北京卷) 第I卷(选择题 共120分) should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accid
10、ent occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism,
11、resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construct
12、ion standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering co
13、de for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730
14、-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation选校网 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 本卷共20小题,第小题6分,共120分。在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项。 6.下列有关钢铁腐蚀与防护的说法正确的
15、是 A.钢管与电源正极连接,钢管可被保护 B.铁遇冷浓硝酸表面钝化,可保护内部不被腐蚀 C.钢管与铜管露天堆放在一起时,钢管不易被腐蚀 ,3+D.钢铁发生析氢腐蚀时,负极反应是Fe,3e=Fe 7.下列物质与常用危险化学品的类别不对应的是 (A.HSO、NaOH腐蚀品 24B. CH、CH易燃液体 424C.CaC、Na遇湿易燃物品 2D.KMnO、KCrO氧化剂 42278.下列说法正确的是 A.的结构中含有酯基 B.顺2丁烯和反,丁烯的加氢产物不同 C.1 mol葡萄糖可水解生成2 mol乳酸(CHO) 363D.油脂和蛋白质都是能发生水解反应的高分子化合物 9.用右图所示实验装置(夹持仪
16、器已略去)探究铜丝与过量浓硫酸的反应。下列实验不合理的是 (A.上下移动?中铜丝可控制SO的量 ,B.?中选用品红溶液验证SO的生成 ,C.?中选用NaOH溶液吸收多余的SO 2D.为确认CuSO生成,向?中加水,观察颜色 410.下列解释实验事实的方程式不准确的是 (,+ A.0.1 mol/L CHCOOH溶液的pH,:CHCOOHCHCOO+H 333 ,NOB.“球”浸泡在冷水中,颜色变浅:2NO(g) NO(g) H,0 2224 +,2+C.铁溶于稀硝酸,溶液变黄:3Fe+8H+2NO=3Fe+2NO?+4HO 232, D.向NaCO溶液中滴入酚酞溶液,溶液变红:CO+HOHCO
17、+OH232 3311.自然界地表层原生铜的硫化物经氧化、淋滤作用后变成CuSO溶液,向地下深层渗透,遇到难溶的ZnS或PbS,慢4慢转变为铜蓝(CuS)。下列分析正确的是 A.CuS的溶解度大于PbS的溶解度 B.原生铜的硫化物具有还原性,而铜蓝没有还原性 2+2,C.CuSO与ZnS反应的离子方程式是Cu+S=CuS? 4should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, wh
18、o is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit
19、 of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial numbe
20、r a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field eq
21、uipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of st
22、eel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation选校网 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 D.整个过程涉及的反应类型有氧化还原反应和复分解反应 9 12.某温度下,H(g),CO(g)HO(g),CO(g)的平衡常数K,。该温度下在甲、乙、丙三个恒容密闭2224容器中,投入H(g)和CO(g),其起始浓度如右表所示。 2
23、2起始浓度 甲 乙 丙 c(H)/mol/L 0.010 0.020 0.020 2c(CO)/mol/L 0.010 0.010 0.020 2下列判断不正确的是 (A.平衡时,乙中CO的转化率大于60, 2B.平衡时,甲中和丙中H的转化率均是60, 2C.平衡时,丙中c(CO)是甲中的2倍,是0.012 mol/L 2D.反应开始时,丙中的反应速率最快,甲中的反应速率最慢 should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the dire
24、ct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious
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