最新[整理]初三英语上册第三单元知识点总结优秀名师资料.doc
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1、整理初三英语上册第三单元知识点总结Unit3一、知识点 ?英语有两种语态:主动语态和补动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. (主动语态)猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 ?被动语态的构成:由“be ,及物动词的过去分词”构成 时态 被动语态结构 例句 am 一般现在时 are +过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. is was +过去分词 一般过去时 This bridge was built in 1989. were + 过去分词 can
2、/should 情态动词 may +be+过去分词 The work must be done right now. must/ 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(主动语态) allow doing sth 允许做某事 eg: Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态)如: eg: LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 get
3、/have +sth.+ done(过去分词) 让/使(别人)做某事 eg:I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车4. 形容词,enough 如:beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough,名词 如:enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做 如:She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。 5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事
4、Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。6.倒装句: 由so/neither,助动词,主语 “也/也不一样”(用于不同主语)so + 主语+助动词 “的确如此” (用于同一主语)eg:She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是Tom can?t swim. Neither can John. He is a clever boy, so he is.他的确如此 7. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼) go
5、swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船) go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步) 8 .be strict with+人. “对某人要求严格” be strict in+事物. “对某事要求严格” 例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in the work. 9. agree 同意 反义词 disagree不同意 动词 agreement 同意 反义词 disagreement 不同意 名词 10. keep sb/ sth. ,形容词 使某人/某物保持. kee
6、p sb doing 让某人一直做某事 如:We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。Don?t keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久。 11. bothand “既。又。”“都。”动词用复数形式 如: Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. Neither Jim nor Li Ming plays basketball.(就近原则) 12. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如: Jim learnt English from his E
7、nglish teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语13. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如:I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.14. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.sth. cost (sb.) Th
8、e book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 15. have +时间段+off 放假,休息=take+时间+off 如:have 2 days off I think I?ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. 16. agree with sth. 同意
9、某事 如:I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如:I agree to LiLei. 17.(1) get in the way of 碍事,妨碍 如: (2)in this way以这种方式Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。18. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. succeed in doing sth.成功完成某事 19. 对 热衷, 对兴趣 be serious abo
10、ut doing 如:She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。20. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too=as well 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。 21.concentrate on 全神贯注做 例: This company concentrates on China market. 这家公司把重点放在中国市场上. 22. moretha
11、n?与其说不如说; 比更 例: The man is more stupid than nervous.与其说那人紧张,倒不如说他愚蠢.23.volunteer ? n. 自愿者. ? v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做 例: We all volunteered to help in the old people?s home.我们都志愿到敬老院帮忙. 24. only+状语位于句首时,全句需要倒装. 例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那时,他才明白. Only in this way can we learn English w
12、ell. 只有这样我们才能把英语学好.二、短语 1. be allowed to do sth 被允许干 allow sb to do sth 允许某人干 allow doing sth 允许干 2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子 3. part-time jobs 兼职工作 4. a driver?s license 驾照5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那个年龄段7. on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上 8. stay up 熬夜 9. clean
13、 up (相当与及物动词) 清扫 10. fail (in) a test 考试不及格 11. take the test 参加考试 12. the other day 前几天=a few days ago 13. all my classmates 我所有的同学 14. concentrate on 全神贯注于 15. be good for 对有益 16. in groups 成群的,按组的 17. get noisy 吵闹(系表结构) 18. learn from 向某人学习 19. at present 目前,现在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有
14、做的机会 21.English-English dictionary 英英词典 22. at least 至少 23.eight hours? sleep a night 每晚8小时的睡眠 24. an old people?s home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花费时间干 26. reply to 回答,答复 27. get in the way of 妨碍 28. a professional athlete 职业运动员 29. achieve one?s dreams 实现梦想 30. think about 思考,考虑 ; think of想,认为 31
15、. in the end 最后,终于 32. be serious about 对热忠/极感兴趣33. spendon + n. spend (in) + v-ing 在上花费时间/金钱 34. care about 关心,担心,在乎 三.句子 1. I don?t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔. 2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他们聊天而不是做作业. 3.He is allowed to stay up u
16、ntil 11:00 pm. 允许他们熬到晚上11点.4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情. 5.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为学校的哪些制度应该改一改了? 6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合. 7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了. 8.Shoul
17、d I be allowed to make my own decisions? 9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才能实现我的梦想. 10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间. 11.We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步. Unit 4 一、知识点 1.虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,
18、建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句, (1)非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。 条件从句 主 句 动词过去式(be动词一律用were) would+动词原形 即:(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如:If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间,我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你) (2)真实条件句(
19、主将从现) eg If he doesn?t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语) 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事 eg: The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.3. be late for 迟到 如: I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 与 a li
20、ttle 的区别,few 与 little 的区别 ? a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 (两者表肯定意义)如:He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。? few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 (但两者表否定意义) 如:He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。 5. what if + 从句 如果怎么办
21、, 要是 又怎么样 如: What if she doesn?t come? 要是她不来怎么办, 6. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如: I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。 7. help with sth. 如:They help with this problem. help sb. do. sth. 如:They help you study English. 他们帮助你学英语8. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb
22、. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事 如:Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. 9. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如: I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。 10.wait for sb.等某人 如:I am wait for him. 我正在等他。 11. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如: I introduced Lily to Ann
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