最新人教版初一英语下册-各单元知识点总结优秀名师资料.doc
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1、Fpg Fpg 人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 一、单词与词组Join: 表示“参加,加入”,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中成员。Join the army 参军join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部 乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/f
2、ootball/tennis/badminton (英式足球/ 篮球/ 排球/英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球)Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事Be good with 与相处得好Be good to 对友好=be friendly to Be good for 对有好处Like to do sth.特指某一次动作;like doing sth. 强调经常性爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 讲故事tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不
3、要做某事Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事Call at 用于打某人电话e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”,“到家”。前面不加介词。这里home 是副词,表示目地。 1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家?2)He driv
4、es home after work.他下班开车回家。3)She often does some shopping on his way home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里home是名词,表示具体地点。1) Is she at home? 她在家吗?2)He left his book at home. 他把书放在家里了。Go home 回家get home 到家at home 在家also 也,而且;较正式, 用于肯定句,紧跟动词。I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我
5、能说英文也能说中文。too 多用于口语,放在句末。Me too. either 多用于否定句,放在句末。He hasnt finished, either. 他也没有完成。Show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb. 展示给某人看Show time 作秀时间,表演开始talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目) Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 时间连词:when=while 当时then 然后after that 在那之后at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about +时间点 for breakfast/lunch/din
6、ner 睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿反:get up 起床Time 表时间,不可数;表次数,可数。Some times 几次sometimes 有时some time 一段时间sometime 某个时候系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态) tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/ 摸起来像eitheror 二选一neithernor 两者都不连接两个主语时,
7、其谓语动词应与最近一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即就近原则。 e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 Here引导倒装句表位置副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装; 表位置副词放在句首时,如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。e.g. Here it is! Here he comes. (代词不倒装) Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus. (名词倒装) 关于时间问法(1)以when
8、提问,什么时候可以是较长时间段,也可以是较短时间点When is your birthday? 你生日是什么时候?My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我生日是12月29日。 Unit 3 How do you get to school? many students是单指学生数量多,侧重数量 many of the students是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分 too太 1. too much意为“太多”,+不可数名词/+动词。 e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday . 昨天我有太多家务活要干。She talks too m
9、uch . 她说话太多。much too 意思是“过分,太”,隐含了过分而不恰当之意, 8 much too+形容词或副词,不+动词。 e.g.The question is much too difficult . 这道题太难了。You re walking much too fast . 你走得太快了。 2.tooto太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study. 同:sothat太以至于 e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boa
10、t. =The river runs so quickly that people cant row a boat to across the river. Unit 4 Dont eat in class. 一、词组school rules 学校规章制度break the rules 违反规章制度make the rules 制定规章. in the hallways 在过道in the music room 在音乐教室里in the dining hall 在餐厅be in bed 在床上be late for迟到listen to music 听音乐wash my clothes 洗衣服
11、make dinner 做饭have to do 不得不做too many+名词复数; too much +不可数名词“太多” by ten oclock 十点之前 on school nights 上学晚上on weekends 在周末go to the childrens palace 去少年宫after school 放学后sports shoes 运动鞋gym class 体育课二、句型(1)Dont arrive late for class. 9 (2)We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it
12、outside. (3)-What else do you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. (4)-Can we wear hats in school? -Yes, we can/ No, we cant. (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes, we do /No, we dont. (6) What are the rules at your school? (7)重难点精析:祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成
13、通常有以下几种形式。1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。如:Be quiet,please. 否定句Dont + be+表语+其他。如:Dont be angry. 2) Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:Open you books, please. 否定句Dont +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如:Dont eat in the classroom. 3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:Let me help you. Lets go at six oclock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如:Lets not watch TV. 4)No+V-ing型(此种形
14、式通常用于公共场合提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如:No smoking! 严禁吸烟!No talking! 不许交谈! No passing! 禁止通行!No parking! 不许停车! Must与have to 1.must表主观看法,主观上必要have to 表客观需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努
15、力工作。(主观上要做这件事)2. have to有人称、数、时态变化,而must 只有一种形式。3. 在否定结构中:dont have to 表示不必;mustnt 表示禁止。 e.g. You dont have to (neednt没必要) tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustnt (cant 不能)tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。On time 准时,按时。In time 及时,迟早 e.g. We were just in time for (to catch ) the bus. 我们及时赶上了公车。 Uni
16、t 5 Why do you like pandas? 一、词组want to do sth .想要做某事want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 让某人做某事Kind kind of 有几分种类 a kind of 一种 (all) kinds of 各种各样=various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜欢做某事play with 与.一起玩during the day 在白天at night 在夜间二、句型与日常交际用语1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why d
17、ose he like koalas? -Because theyre kind of interesting. 2、Why do you want to see the lions? Because theyre 3、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa. 4、-What (other) animals do you like? 11 -I like elephants. 5. This is a symbol of good luck. 象征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant. 形
18、容记忆力好7 .- How old are you?=Whats your age? Im ten years old./Im ten. 8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont make of 与make from “由组成make of 看得出原材料,物理变化;make from 看不出原材料,化学变化。 e.g. We must save trees and not by things made of ivory(象牙). The paper is made of wood. The other, others, another,
19、 other区别 1.other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别,其他”,泛指“其他(人或物)”。如:Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗?Ask some other people. 问问别人吧!Put it in your other hand. 把 它放在你另一只手里。 2.the other指两个人或物中一个时,只能用the other,不能用another,此时other作代词。如:He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿,一个是护士
20、,另一个是工人。the other后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时other作形容词。如:On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree. 在街道另一边,有一棵大树。Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河对岸。 3.others是other 复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如:Some of us like singing and dancing,
21、others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余从事体育活动。Give me some others, please. 请给我别东西吧!There are no others. 没有别了。 4.the others意思是“其他东西,其余人”。特指某一范围内“其他(人或物)”。是the other 复数形式。如:Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园,其余留在家里。the others=the other 复数名词,这在第2条中已经有所介绍。 5.anothe
22、r=an other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多人或物,泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如:I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人。 Lets do sth , lets=let us 让我们做 人称代词用宾格Lets之后跟动词原形
23、。Lets see the panda.我们看熊猫吧。Lets go! 我们走吧! Unit 6 Im watching TV. 一、词组do ones homework 做家庭作业watch TV 看电视eat dinner 吃饭;就餐clean the room 打扫房间talk on the phone 电话聊天thanks for+n/doing为某事感谢某人go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳at the pool 在游泳池at school 在学校in the tree 在树上read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书write a letter 写信
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