最新陕西高考化学试题优秀名师资料.doc
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1、2012年陕西高考化学试题7(下列叙述中正确的是【 】 A.液溴易挥发,在存放液溴的试剂瓶中应加水封 B.能使润湿的淀粉KI试纸变成蓝色的物质一定是Cl2 - C.某溶液加入CCl,CCl层显紫色,证明原溶液中存在I44+ D.某溶液加入BaCl溶液,产生不溶于稀硝酸的白色沉淀,该溶液一定含有Ag28、下列说法中正确的是【 】 A.医用酒精的浓度通常为95% B.单质硅是将太阳能转化为电能的常用材料 C.淀粉、纤维素和油脂都属于天然高分子化合物 D.合成纤维和光导纤维都是新型无机非金属材料 9(用N表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。下列叙述中不正确的是【 】 A(A.分子总数为N的NO和CO混合气体中含
2、有的氧原子数为2N A22AB.28g乙烯和环丁烷(CH)的混合气体中含有的碳原子数为2N 48AC.常温常压下,92g的NO和NO混合气体含有的原子数为6N 224AD.常温常压下,22.4L氯气与足量镁粉充分反应,转移的电子数为2 NA 10(分子式为CHO且可与金属钠反应放出氢气的有机化合物有(不考虑立体异构)【 】 512A. 5种 B.6种 C.7种 D.8种 -1-111(已知温度T时水的离子积常数为K,该温度下,将浓度为a mol?L的一元酸HA与b mol?LW的一元碱BOH等体积混合,可判定该溶液呈中性的依据是【 】 A. a=b B.混合溶液的PH=7 -1+-kmolL,
3、C.混合溶液中,c(H)= D.混合溶液中,c(H)+ c(B)= c(OH)+ c(A) w12(分析下表中各项的排布规律,按此规律排布第26项应为【 】 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CH CH CHO CHO CH CH CHO CHO CH CH 24262624236383836248410A. CHB. CHOC. CHD. CHO 716 7142 818 818lifting tests. Gate opening and closing test including full stroke without the water opening and closing
4、 test, under hydrostatic condition full-stroke opening and closing test, Nineth gate installation in strict accordance with the DL/T5018 norms, chapter gate installation regulations, 9-5-specific setup as shown in Figure 3. Trash rack installation procedure as described in Figure 9-5-4, trash rack i
5、nstalled in strict accordance with DL/T5 . Figure 9-5-3 flow chart of steel gate installed total figure 9-5-4 trash rack installation flowchart 9.5.4 2 fixed hoist machine setup and methods (1) the technical requirements of installation 1) should be installed according to the construction drawings,
6、drawings and technical documents of the supplier, fixed hoist installation, testing and commissioning of the machine. 2) install hoist base buildings, must be strong and safe. Crane elevation shall not exceed ? 5mm, standard deviation should not be greater than 0.5/1000. The concrete frame and Found
7、ation member, should be carried out according to the requirements of construction and installation drawings pouring in concrete strength has not yet reached the design strength, are not allowed to remove and change the temporary support of hoist, but not for debugging and test run. 3) according to t
8、he lifting hoist machinery and equipment installation centre line alignment, the vertical and horizontal centerline deviation shall not exceed ? 3mm. Double hanging point gate in series two drum 13(短周期元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大,其中W的阴离子的核外电子数与X、Y、Z原子的核外内层电子数相同。X的一种核素在考古时常用来鉴定一些文物的年代,工业上采用液态空气分馏方法来生产Y的单质,而Z不能
9、形成双原子分子。根据以上叙述,下列说中正确的是【 】 A.上述四种元素的原子半径大小为W,X,Y,Z 、Y、Z原子的核外最外层电子数的总和为20 B. W、XC.W与Y可形成既含极性共价键又含非极性共价键的化合物 D.有W与X组成的化合物的沸点总低于由W与Y组成的化合物的沸点 26(14分) 铁是应用最广泛的金属,铁的卤化物、氧化物以及高价铁的含氧酸盐均为重要化合物。 (1)要确定铁的某氯化物FeCl的化学式。可用离子交换和滴定的方法。实验中称取0.54gx-的FeCl样品,溶解后先进行阳离子交换预防处理,再通过含有饱和OH的阴离子交换柱,使Clx-1和OH发生交换。交换完成后,流出溶液的OH
10、用0.40mol?L的盐酸滴定,滴至终点时消耗盐酸25.0mL。计算该样品中氯的物质的量,并求出FeCl中值 xX(2)现有一含有FeCl和FeCl的混合样品,采用上述方法测得(Fe):(Cl)=1:2.1,则该n n23样品中FeCl的物质的量分数为_。在实验室中,FeCl可用铁粉和_反应制备,FeCl可用铁323粉和_反应制备 (3)FeCl与氢碘酸反应时可生成棕色物质,该反应的离子方程式为_ 3(4)高铁酸钾(KFeO)是一种强氧化剂,可作为水处理剂和高容量电池材料。FeCl与KClO243在强碱性条件下反应可制取KFeO,其反应的离子方程式为_ 24与MnO-Zn电池类似,KFeO-Z
11、n也可以组成碱性电池,KFeO在电池中作为正极材料,其电22424极反应式为_,该电池总反应的离子方程式为_。 27(15分) 光气(COCl)在塑料、制革、制药等工业中有许多用途,工业上采用高温下CO与Cl在活22性碳催化下合成。 (1)实验室中常用来制备氯气的化学方程式为_; (2)工业上利用天然气(主要成分为CH)与CO进行高温重整制备CO,已知CH、H、和CO4242-1-1-13的燃烧热(?H)分别为-890.3kJ?mol、-285.8 kJ?mol和-283.0 kJ?mol,则生成1 m(标准状况)CO所需热量为_; (3)实验室中可用氯仿(CHCl)与双氧水直接反应制备光气,
12、其反应的化学方程式为_; 3-1(4)COCl的分解反应为COCl(g)= Cl(g)+ CO(g) ?H=+108 kJ?mol。反应体系平衡后,222lifting tests. Gate opening and closing test including full stroke without the water opening and closing test, under hydrostatic condition full-stroke opening and closing test, Nineth gate installation in strict accordance
13、with the DL/T5018 norms, chapter gate installation regulations, 9-5-specific setup as shown in Figure 3. Trash rack installation procedure as described in Figure 9-5-4, trash rack installed in strict accordance with DL/T5 . Figure 9-5-3 flow chart of steel gate installed total figure 9-5-4 trash rac
14、k installation flowchart 9.5.4 2 fixed hoist machine setup and methods (1) the technical requirements of installation 1) should be installed according to the construction drawings, drawings and technical documents of the supplier, fixed hoist installation, testing and commissioning of the machine. 2
15、) install hoist base buildings, must be strong and safe. Crane elevation shall not exceed ? 5mm, standard deviation should not be greater than 0.5/1000. The concrete frame and Foundation member, should be carried out according to the requirements of construction and installation drawings pouring in
16、concrete strength has not yet reached the design strength, are not allowed to remove and change the temporary support of hoist, but not for debugging and test run. 3) according to the lifting hoist machinery and equipment installation centre line alignment, the vertical and horizontal centerline dev
17、iation shall not exceed ? 3mm. Double hanging point gate in series two drum 各物质的浓度在不同条件下的变化状况如下图所示(第10min到14min的COCl浓度变化曲线未2示出): 1计算反应在地8min时的平衡常数K=_; ?2比较第2min反应温度T(2)与第8min反应温度T(8)的高低:T(2)_ T(8)(填“,”、“,”?或“=” ); 答案:, -1 3若12min时反应与温度T(8)下重新达到平衡,则此时c(COCl)=_mol?L2?答案:0.031 v(2-3)、4比较产物CO在2-3min、5-6
18、min和12-13min时平均反应速率平均反应速率分别以?v(5-6)、v(12-13)表示的大小_; 5比较反应物COCl在5-6min和15-16min时平均反应速率的大小:v(5-6)_ v(15-16)(填2?“,”、“,”或“=”),原因是_ 28(14分) 溴苯是一种化工原料,实验室合成溴苯的装置示意图及有关数据如下: 按下列合成步骤回答问题: 苯 溴 溴苯 -3密度/g?cm 0.88 3.10 1.50 沸点/?C 80 59 156 水中溶解度 微溶 微溶 微溶 (1)在a中加入15mL无水苯和少量铁屑。在b中小心加入4.0mL液态溴。向a中滴入几滴lifting tests
19、. Gate opening and closing test including full stroke without the water opening and closing test, under hydrostatic condition full-stroke opening and closing test, Nineth gate installation in strict accordance with the DL/T5018 norms, chapter gate installation regulations, 9-5-specific setup as show
20、n in Figure 3. Trash rack installation procedure as described in Figure 9-5-4, trash rack installed in strict accordance with DL/T5 . Figure 9-5-3 flow chart of steel gate installed total figure 9-5-4 trash rack installation flowchart 9.5.4 2 fixed hoist machine setup and methods (1) the technical r
21、equirements of installation 1) should be installed according to the construction drawings, drawings and technical documents of the supplier, fixed hoist installation, testing and commissioning of the machine. 2) install hoist base buildings, must be strong and safe. Crane elevation shall not exceed
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