20章解热抗炎药110329-PPT课件.ppt
《20章解热抗炎药110329-PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《20章解热抗炎药110329-PPT课件.ppt(45页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、1,Teaching goals,1、简述阿司匹林的作用、用途、不良反应。 2、简述对乙酰氨基酚的作用特点。 3、比较解热镇痛药与氯丙嗪在降温方面的 作用和应用。 4、比较解热镇痛药与镇痛药在镇痛方面的 作用和应用。,2,1 Introduction,【Definition】 1. -have strong antipyretic effects 2. -have analgesic effects 3. -some have anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effects. (一类具有解热、镇痛,且大多数 还有抗炎、抗风湿作用的药物),3,膜磷脂,P
2、LA2,花生四烯酸,白三烯等,环内过氧化物,环氧化酶,糖皮质激素,(-),解热镇痛抗炎药,(-),甾体抗炎药 SAIDs,非甾体抗炎药NSAIDs,【mechanism】,vessal,PGI2,PGF, PGE等,platelet,TXA2,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,4,PG:,a group of autacoids,- lead to inflammation, pain and fever.,NSAIDs 环氧化酶(COX) 前列腺素(PG)合成 解热、镇痛、抗炎,(是自体活性物质,可致炎、致痛、致热),5,细菌毒素 病毒等,粒细胞 吞
3、噬、处理,产生 释放,内热原,CNS PG合成与释放,体温调定点,370C,发热,NSAIDs COX (-)PG合成,【common pharmacological actions】,一. Antipyretic action (解热作用),6,Properties :,1. temperature of patients with fever (只降发热者体温) 2. independent of environment temperature (降温作用与环境温度无关) 3. increase heat dissipation mainly. (主要增加散热),7,Meaning of
4、pyretic (发热利弊) :,Advantages : 1. -enhance the defense function. (提高机体防御功能) 2. diagnosis of diseases (热型是诊断的依据).,8,0,40 0c,37 0c,1 2 3 4 5,day,低热,稽留热,弛张热,T,9,disadvantages : high fever CNS function disorders e.g. convulsion(惊厥) durative fever consume physical energy (持续发热,消耗体能),10,Uses notes,1. T 39c
5、 (especially for children) 2. durative fever that has been diagnosed clearly.(诊断明确的持久发热) 3. fever with obvious pain. (发热伴明显疼痛者) 4. symptomatic treatment only (仅为对症治疗),11,组织损伤 局部炎症,局部释放,致痛物质 BK、PG等,(+),痛觉 感受器,疼痛,痛觉增敏,NSAIDs,NSAIDs COX PG synthesis PG致痛及痛觉增敏analgesia (镇痛),二. Analgesic action (镇痛作用),12
6、,Properties :,1)moderate analgesics (镇痛作用中等 ) 2)-be well for chronic pain and inflammatory pain (炎性疼痛及慢性钝痛效佳) 3)no addiction and no respiratory depression (不成瘾,不抑制呼吸),13,三. Anti-inflammatory action (抗炎作用),Prostaglandins (PG) : 1. - dilate blood vessels. (扩血管) 2. vascular permeability (血管的通透性) e.g. t
7、issue edema 3. synergy with other inflammatory mediators. (协同其它炎症介质的作用 ),NSAIDs COX PG antiinflammation,14,Properties :,1. symptomatic treatment only e.g. relieve redness, swelling, heat and pain (对症治疗,可明显改善红、肿、热、痛) 2. -do not arrest the progression of pathological injury to tissue and occurrence of
8、 complications. (不能阻止病程进展及合并症的发生) 3. Acetaminophen has no anti-inflammatory action. (苯胺类药无抗炎作用),15,COX:,COX,COX-1:,COX-2:,结构型,血管、胃、肾等,诱导型,损伤性刺激诱导其作用,NSAIDs,非选择性环氧酶抑制药,选择性环氧酶抑制药,16,Classification of drugs:,水杨酸类: aspirin(阿司匹林) 苯胺类:acetaminophen(对乙酰氨基酚) 吲哚类:indomethacin(吲哚美辛) 芳基丙酸类:ibuprofen(布洛芬) 其它类:双
9、氯芬酸、保太松等,2 Non-selective COX inhibitors,17,I. Salicylates (水杨酸类),Aspirin (阿司匹林) Acetylsalicylic acid(乙酰水杨酸),18,【pharmacokinetics】,-be absorbed rapidly. distribution wide - salicylate (水杨酸盐分布广泛) 3. elimination(消除) : doses 1g : zero order kinetics 4. urine pH influence its excretion. urine pH , the ex
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 20 解热 抗炎药 110329 PPT 课件
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-1923592.html