儿童呼吸系统疾病英文版-PPT课件.ppt
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1、Anatomy and Physiology of the Childhood Respiratory System,Upper respiratory tract Nose Pharynx Larynx Epiglottis Lower respiratory tract Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles and alveoli,The Upper Airway differences: shorter and narrow 4 mm 20 mm nose breather airway resistance loosely mucous membranes and s
2、oft tissue The Lower Airway differences: right bronchus is more wider, shorter, vertical less alveolar surface area,Anatomy and Physiology of the Childhood Respiratory System,Pneumonia,Definition,An inflammation or infection of the bronchioles and alveolar spaces of the lungs,Pneumonia,Introduction,
3、occur: in infants and young children recovery: children sooner than adults exist type: disease or complication season: late winter and early spring,Pneumonia,Lobar pneumonia Bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia) Interstitial pneumonia,Pneumonia,classification,Morphological classification,Etiologic Ag
4、ent,Infectious virus bacterial Mycoplasma(支原体肺炎) chlamydial (衣原体肺炎) fungi pneumocystis(肺囊虫),Noninfectious foreign body aspiration,Pneumonia,classification,Course Agent,Acute 3 months,Pneumonia,classification,State of Illness,Mild Severe,Pneumonia,classification,the clinical manifestations of broncho
5、pneumonia,Mild bronchopneumonia fever: irregular fever cough:dry,hacking,non-productive to productive cough tachypnea:RR4080ts/m nasal flaring, sighing respiration, three depression signs and cyanosis fixed fine moist rales,Pneumonia,the clinical manifestations of bronchopneumonia,Severe bronchopneu
6、monia circulation system manifestations of myocarditis signs of heart failure nervous system gastrointestinal Chest:X-ray film,Pneumonia,Severe bronchopneumonia,Circulation system myocarditis, congestive heart failure,pathogens,invading the myocardium and produce toxin,toxic myocarditis,hypoxia,pulm
7、onary artery hypertension,CHF,Pneumonia,manifestation,Severe bronchopneumonia,manifestations of myocarditis pale tachycardia diminished cardiac sound and arrhythmia ST slowing down T wave updown,Pneumonia,manifestation,Severe bronchopneumonia,Signs of heart failure Restless obvious cyanosis grey fac
8、es Tachypnea:RR 60ts/m Tachycardia:HR 160-180bpm Sweating dyspnea cervical vein distention oliguria or anuria face/lower limbs edema Hepatomegaly progressively,Pneumonia,manifestation,Severe bronchopneumonia,Nervous system: dysphoria(烦躁) irritable alert/stuporous convulsion somnolence(嗜睡) intracrani
9、al hypertension,Pneumonia,manifestation,Severe bronchopneumonia,Gastrointestinal,anorexia vomiting abdominal distention toxic enteritis hemorrhage of GI absent intestinal sound bloody stool,Pneumonia,manifestation,Severe bronchopneumonia,Chest:X-ray film diffuse or patchy infiltration,small spotted
10、shadow of the right middle,Pneumonia,manifestation,Therapeutic Management,principle antimicrobial therapy supportive measures,Pneumonia,therapy,principle,control infection promote oxygenation and comfort prevent complication fever management fluid intake family support,Pneumonia,therapy,Antimicrobia
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