2014《名师伴你行》系列高考英语(人教)一轮复习配套语法专题学案 非谓语动词(28张ppt).ppt
《2014《名师伴你行》系列高考英语(人教)一轮复习配套语法专题学案 非谓语动词(28张ppt).ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2014《名师伴你行》系列高考英语(人教)一轮复习配套语法专题学案 非谓语动词(28张ppt).ppt(28页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、高考英语一轮复习课件,新 课 标 版,人 民 教 育 出 版 社,语法学案3 非谓语动词 考点1 动词不定式 动词不定式具有副词、形容词和名词的特征, 因此在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等成分。 考点精讲1 作主语 To live is to work. 生活就是工作。 It is quite necessary for us to learn English well. 我们学好英语很有必要。,高考一轮总复习,典例剖析 No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better_ silen
2、t. 2012浙江卷 A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain 剖析 考查非谓语动词不定式的用法。it作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的不定式:to remain silent。 故选D项。 考点精讲2 作表语 His greatest wish was to be a famous artist. 他的最大愿望是成为一位著名的艺术家。 考点精讲3 作宾语 I wish to be a college student. 我希望成为一名大学生。 Do you think it possible to finish the w
3、ork in time? 你认为及时完成这项任务有可能吗?,第二编 语 法 知 识,典例剖析 I remembered_ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 2012安徽卷 A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 剖析 考查非谓语动词。remember后面既可以接不定式, 也可以接动名词, 如果选择A, 这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的, 只能选择B。 考点精讲4 作定语 用不定式作
4、定语的几种情况: (1)不定式表将来 The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。,高考一轮总复习,典例剖析 Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision_ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. 2012重庆卷 A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 剖析 考查非谓语动词。make与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系, 而且是将要发生
5、的动作。A选项符合题意。 (2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词。 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作最好的人选。 (3)所修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式, 常见的有:ability, chance, idea, fact, promise, answer, reply, attempt, way等。,第二编 语 法 知 识,Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你具备读写英语的能力吗? 对应训练 1. The pressure _ causes
6、 Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. A. to compete B. competing C. to be competed D. having competed 2. Could you find someone _? A. for me to play tennis with B. play tennis with C. for me to play tennis D. playing tennis 3. Because air pollution has
7、been greatly reduced, this city is still a good place _. A. to live B. for living in C. to be lived in D. to live in,A,A,D,高考一轮总复习,4. With a lot of homework _, the student is having a hard time. A. done B. doing C. do D. done 考点精讲5 不定式作状语 不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因或结果等。 (1)不定式表示目的时, 常可用in order to或so as to来替换。
8、so as to不可用于句首。 He got up early so as to catch the first bus. 为了赶头班车他起得很早。 典例剖析 Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students. 2012江西卷 A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken,C,第二编 语 法 知 识,剖析 考查非谓语动词。不定式表目的, 又因D选项时态错误, 故选C。 (2)作状语时, 其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须
9、一致。 To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary. 为了学好英语, 他需要一本好词典。 注意:上句不能说:To learn English well, a good dictionary is needed. (3)不定式作结果状语时, 常表示一种意外的结果, 尤其是和only连用时, 常用only to do。 He ran to the station only to find the train had left. 他跑到火车站却发现火车已开走。 典例剖析 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only_
10、 his plane high up in the sky. 2012四川卷 A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found,高考一轮总复习,剖析 考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆乘的士赶到机场, 结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已经飞入高空了。only后接不定式to do表示意想不到的结果。故选B。 对应训练 5. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to_. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 6. _ th
11、eir service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English. A. Improving B. To improve C. Improved D. Having improved 7. The American troops tried many times to break into the mosque, _ each time. A. beaten back B. only to be beaten back C. being beaten back D. having been beaten back,B,B,
12、B,第二编 语 法 知 识,8. We all jumped with great joy_ the news that our country would have joined WTO by the end of the year. A. hearing B. to have heard C. being heard D. to hear 考点2 动词-ed形式 考点精讲1 作宾语补足语 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时, 表示与句子宾语之间具有被动或完成关系。 I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. 发现我的家乡变化如此之大我
13、感到很惊奇。 考点精讲2 作定语 动词-ed形式作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系, 表示该动作的被动或完成。 I bought some painted chairs. 我买了几张油漆好的椅子。,D,高考一轮总复习,典例剖析 “Its such a nice place, ”Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customs. 2012浙江卷 A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved 剖析 考查非谓语动词。reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词, 故用非谓
14、语动词, 且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系, 故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念, 在句子中作后置定语。故选D。 考点精讲3 作状语 动词-ed形式作状语时表示完成或被动的动作, 它是由句子的主语承受的。 Asked why he was late, he went red. 问他为什么迟到时, 他涨红了脸。,第二编 语 法 知 识,Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果给我们的时间多一些, 我们会做得更好。 典例剖析 Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank. 2012湖南卷 A
15、. to use B. used C. using D. use 剖析 考查非谓语动词。因为本句已有谓语动词is, 且没有连词或引导词, 故排除谓语形式D项;而time与use为被动关系, 所以选B。 考点3 动词-ing形式 考点精讲1 作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时, 表示与句子宾语之间有主动或进行关系。 Jenny found a wallet lying on the ground. 詹妮发现地上有一个钱包。,高考一轮总复习,典例剖析 I looked up and noticed a snake_ its way up the tree to catch its bre
16、akfast. 2012四川卷 A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 剖析 考查非谓语动词中现在分词作宾语补足语。wind与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行, 故选C。 考点精讲2 作定语 动词-ing形式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系, 表示该动作的主动和进行。 China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。 Be quiet. Theres a sleeping boy. 安静点, 这儿有一个睡觉的男孩。,第二编 语 法 知 识,考点精讲3 作状语 动词-ing形式可作时间、条件、原因
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