第9课时 八年级上册 Modules 10~12 -word文档资料.doc
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1、第9课时 八年级上册 Modules 1012唐宋或更早之前,针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目,其相应传授者称为“博士”,这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者,又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋,乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者;而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了,主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问,其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席,也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代,只设国子监(国子学)一科的“助教”,其身价不谓显赫,也称得上朝廷要员。至此,无论是“博
2、士”“讲师”,还是“教授”“助教”,其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。 一、完形填空“师”之概念,大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。说文解字中有注曰:“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义,现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称,隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于史记,有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制,老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”,其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词,所表达的含
3、义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称,虽能从其身上学以“道”,但其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来,“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识,更重于传播知识。 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。 (2019浙江台州适应性考试)A maths teacher asked a s
4、evenyearold boy, Michael, “If I give you one apple and one apple and one apple, how many apples will you have?” After a few seconds, Michael 1 confidently(自信地), “Four!” The maths teacher was disappointed(失望的) because she was 2 a correct answerthree. “Maybe the child didnt hear 3 ,” she thought. So s
5、he repeated her question. Seeing the disappointment on 4 teachers face, the boy counted on his fingers again. In fact, he was 5 the answer that would make the teacher happy. This time, hesitatingly(犹豫地), he replied, “ 6 ”The disappointment stayed on the teachers face. Suddenly, she 7 that Michael li
6、ked strawberries. She thought maybe he didnt like apples and that was 8 he couldnt answer the question. With excitement in her eyes, she asked, “ 9 I give you one strawberry and one strawberry and one strawberry, then how many will you have?” She wanted her new 10 to succeed. With a hesitating smile
7、, young Michael said, “Three?”The teacher now was 11 . Her way had worked. But one last thing remained. 12 , she asked him about the apple again in the same way.“Four!” Michael answered in confidence. “How, Michael, how?” The teacher questioned in a little 13 voice.In a rude and hesitating voice, yo
8、ung Michael replied, “Because I already have one 14 in my bag.”When someone gives you an answer that is 15 from what you expect, dont think they are wrong. There shall be something that you may not have thought about yet.1A.told Badded Canswered Dwrote2A.expecting Bchoosing Cproviding Dguessing3A.ha
9、ppily Bactively Cclearly Dstrictly4A.your Bmy Chis Dher5A.searching for Bwaiting forCgiving up Dtalking about6A.Two BThree CFour DFive7A.decided BrememberedCexpressed Dnoticed8A.why Bwhere Chow Dwhen9A.Before BBecause CAlthough DIf10A.invention Bsuggestion Cskill Dway11A.sad Bpleased Cworried Dfunny
10、12A.After all BIn fact CAt first DOnce again13A.angry Bhappy Cbeautiful Dnervous14A.strawberry BappleCpear Dbanana15A.absent Bfree Cdifferent Dsafe二、阅读理解阅读下列材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2018江西中考)Many people say dolphins are intelligent. They seem to be able to think, understand and learn things qui
11、ckly. But are they as smart as humans, or are they more like cats and dogs? Dolphins use their brains quite differently from the way humans do. But scientists say dolphins and humans are very similar in some ways. How?Like humans, every dolphin has its own“name”. The name is a special whistle(哨声). E
12、ach dolphin chooses a specific(特有的) whistle for itself, usually by its first birthday. Dolphins are like people in other ways, too. They “talk” to each other about a lot of thingssuch as their age, their feelings, and finding food. They also use a system of sounds and body language to communicate. U
13、nderstanding dolphin conversation is not easy for humans. No one “speaks dolphin” yet, but some scientists are trying to learn.Dolphins are also social animals. They live in groups called pods, and they often join others from different pods to play games and have funjust like people. Scientists beli
14、eve playing together is something only intelligent animals do.Dolphins and humans are similar in another way: both species make plans for getting things they want. In the seas of southern Brazil, for example, dolphins use an intelligent plan to get food. When there are fish near a boat, dolphins sig
15、nal(发信号) to the fishermen to put their nets in the water. Using this method, the men can catch a lot of fish. Why do dolphins help the men? There is an advantage for them they get to eat some of the fish that escape (逃脱) from the net.1What is a dolphins “name”?AIt is a kind of game. BIt is a body si
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