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1、7年级上语法训练1名词掌握要点:名词的分类(专有名词和普通名词)名词的数 1)区分可数名词和不可数名词,区分方法2)可数名词的复数变化,分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格 含义、构成 两种形式:s所有格及of所有格知识点:一、名词的分类1.专有名词:名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期(节日、星期、月份)例句:My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday.2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词 个体名词 表示个体的人或事物 例: sister、table、bik
2、e、window可数名词 集体名词 表示一群人或一些事物 例: family、police、class、group 物质名词 表示构成物体的物质或材料 例: water、air、wood不可数名词 抽象名词 表示状态、品质、行为、感情等 例: danger、interest区分方法:将物体分成两半,如果每半不能叫原名,则为可数名词,如果还可叫原名,则为不可数名词。注:有些单词意义发生变化,单复数也发生变化,例:glass作玻璃杯时可数,作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表glassfish chickentime 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orange lightpaper
3、 hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷(几根)头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidea lifework可数练习题主意/意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperience可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电年轻、青春经验interest room可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空间二、名词的单复数形式 (1) 规则变化:名词的复数构成,通常是在单数形式后面加-s或-es1、 一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例 bags。 2、 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加-es,例bus-buses box-boxes。3、 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,y变成i加-es 例 c
4、ity-cities;以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,直接加s。4、以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es,其余直接加s。5、以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s, 例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs。(2)不规则变化1、单词拼写发生变化man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children2、某国人变复数,口诀:中日不变英法变,其余s加后面 例:an Engl
5、ishman-Englishmen an American-Americans3、单复数形式相同 常用分以下几类:表示动物的名词deer 鹿,fish 鱼,sheep 绵羊,bison 野牛,crab 螃蟹表示人的名词Chinese 中国人,Japanese 日本人,Swiss瑞士人,kin 亲属craft及由-craft构成的名词craft 飞机,aircraft 飞机, spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词Hundred百,thousand千,million百万,dozen一打, score 二十其他series 系列;species种类;means方法 (3)不可数名词一般只用单数
6、,它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。例:a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡) two glasses of milk(两杯牛奶) three pieces of paper(三张纸) four bottles of water(四杯水)三、名词所有格含义:名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式:一种是s所有格,一种是of所有格 Beijing is Chinas capital.= Beijing is the captital of China. This is Toms bike = This is the bike of Tom. Lily is the k
7、eys owner.= Lily is the owner of the key.1、s所有格构成 单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词,只需在词尾加s,如 Lucys pen路西的钢笔Childrens Day(儿童节);以s结尾的复数名词,只加 , 如the students books 学生们的书。2、几个人共有的东西,只需在最后一个人的名词后加s, 如 Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和莉莉的卧室)。表示各自所有,则每个名词都加s, 如 Lucys and Lilys desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子)。7年级上语法训练1名词一、填空。(根据括号中的中文写出英文)My n
8、ame is _(莉莉). I come from_(英国). _(李雷) is my best friend. We will go to_(长城) on_(星期日). I like_(中国) and_(中国的)friends. 二、用所给名词的正确形式填空1. There are four_(people) in my family.2. I have many_(friend) at school.3. I have no_(time) to play games today.4. The baby has only two_(tooth) now. 5. There is a lot
9、of_(water) in the bottle.6. The_(child) are playing games on the playground now.7. Their_(dictionary) look new.8. There are many_(fox) in the picture.9. There are two_(orange) on the desk.10. I would like some_(orange). I am very thirsty.三、将下面的单词变成复数形式。1. picture_ 2. fox_ 3. boy_ 4. class_5. photo_
10、6. tomato_ 7. cousin_ 8. shelf_ 9. family_ 10. watch_ 11. knife_ 12. roof_13. country_ 14. woman_ 15. sheep_16. foot_ 17.child_ 18. Japanese_四、单项选择。1. My family _ a big family. My family _all here. A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is2.These are her_.A. pencils B. pencil C .a pencil D. a penc
11、ils3.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans4. How many _ are there in your class ? A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian5. How much are the _ ? A. bread B. meats C. potatos D. tomatoes6. There a
12、re some _ on the hill.A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes7. There are many _ in our school.A. woman teachers B. womans teachers C. women teachers D. womens teachers8. There are some new books in the school library. They are _ books.A. child B. childrens C. children D. childrens9. Meimeis handwr
13、iting is better than any other _ in his class.A. students B. students C. students D. students10. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about _ . A. forty minutess walk B. forty minutes walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes walk11. I found my black cat in_ room.A. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mikes C. Jims and Mikes D. Jims and Mike12 This is not your radio, but_.A. yours brother B. your brothers C. you brothers D yours brothers五、将单词对应的解释填入表格当中。glassfish chickentime 可数不可数orange lightpaper hair 可数不可数exerciseidea lifework可数不可数turkeyradioyouthexperience可数不可数interest room可数不可数
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