[考研英语]1986-考研英语历年真题答案.doc
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1、1986-2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案177Section II: Reading ComprehensionEach of the three passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
2、Text 1In May l989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. A new phase in space exploration has begun.The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the
3、solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earths size. Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. In short, Venu
4、s seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earths twin.”The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earths: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose littl
5、e drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Water is all but nonexistent.Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weat
6、her and climate of earth. It has no earths oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.16.Venus is s
7、imilar to Earth in _.A size and densityB distance from the sunC having atmosphereD all of the above17.The greatest value in studying Venus should be to _.A allow us to visit thereB understand Earth betterC find a new source of energyD promote a new space program18.The main idea of this passage is ab
8、out _.A problems of space travelB scientific methods in space explorationC the importance of Venus to EarthD conditions on VenusText 2Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Romes main avenues. Italys political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are sa
9、id to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.Shouting slogans, waving flags and dancing to drumbeats, the women had come to the capital from all over Italy to demon
10、strate for “a job for each of us, a different type of job, and a society without violence.” So far, action to improve womens opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining. “But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,” says a researcher on female
11、labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.Women, who constitute 52 per cent of Italys population, today represent only 35 per cent of Italys total workforce and 33 per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs. However, their presence in t
12、he workplace is growing. The employment of women is expanding considerably in services, next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace. Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment. More and more women are going into busi
13、ness for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a
14、woman.Such changes are occurring in the professions too. The number of women doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold. Some of the changes are immediately visible. For example, women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police, rai
15、lway workers and street cleaner.However, the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made. A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.19.The expression “snake through central Rome” probably means “to move _A quietly through central Rome.”B violen
16、tly through central Rome.”C in a long winding line through central Rome.”D at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”20.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A There are more women than men in Italy.B In Italy, women are chiefly employed in services.C In Italy, women are still at a disadvant
17、age in employment.D In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.21.About 200,000 women in Rome demonstrated for _.A more job opportunitiesB a greater variety of jobsC “equal job, equal pay”D both A and B22.The best title for this passage would be _.A The Role of Women is SocietyB Women De
18、monstrate for Equality in EmploymentC Women as Self-employed ProfessionalsD Women and the Jobs MarketText 3The old idea that talented children “burn themselves out” in the early years, and, therefore, are subjected to failure and at worst, mental illness is unfounded. As a matter of fact, the outsta
19、nding thing that happens to bright kids is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.To find this out, l, 500 gifted persons were followed up to their thirty-fifth year with these results:On adult intelligence tests, they scored as high as they had as children. They were, as a group, in g
20、ood health, physically and mentally. 84 per cent of their group were married and seemed content with their lives.About 70 per cent had graduated from college, though only 30 per cent had graduated with honors. A few had even dropped out, but nearly half of these had returned to graduate. Of the men,
21、 80 per cent were in one of the professions or in business management or semiprofessional jobs. The women who had remained single had office, business, or professional occupations.The group had published 90 books and 1,500 articles in scientific, scholarly, and literary magazines and had collected m
22、ore than 100 patents.In a material way they did not do badly either. Average income was considerably higher among the gifted people, especially the men, than for the country as a whole, despite their comparative youth.In fact, far from being strange, most of the gifted were turning their early promi
23、se into practical reality.23.The old idea that talented children “burn themselves out” in the early years is _.A true in all sensesB refuted by the authorC medically provenD a belief of the author24.The survey of bright children was made to _.A find out what had happened to talented children when th
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