[英语]高中英语语法总结.doc
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1、高中英语语法总复习强调句和倒装句一、 强调句概述:对句子中某一部分进行强调时,常用强调句。强调句可分两类:(1)强调谓语:由do (does, did) 加上动词原形构成,表示“确实”,“真的”,“的确”或“务必”,“一定要”等意思。如:I do believe in you.He did tell me that he would come this evening.Do write to me when you get there.(2)强调其他成分:用It is who / whom / that 这个句型。其中It is who 强调人(主格);It is whom 也强调人(宾格);
2、It is that 则既可以强调人(主格或宾格)又可以强调物及时间、地点等。如:We found the lost boy on the top of the hill yesterday afternoon.强调主语:It was we who / that found the lost boy on the top of the hill yesterday afternoon.强调宾语:It was the lost boy whom / that we found on the top of the hill yesterday afternoon.强调地点状语:It was on
3、the top of the hill that we found the lost boy yesterday afternoon.(不用where)强调时间状语:It was yesterday afternoon that we found the lost boy on the top of the hill.(不用when)强调句的一个特点是:如果将强调句型拆掉,句子仍能恢复原状。(如果强调谓语,上句可改为:We did find the lost boy on the top of the hill yesterday afternoon.)有时被强调部分常常会受到其他成分的干扰,
4、请勿上当。如:It was in the house where I met him yesterday that I found my lost watch.二、 倒装句概述:句子的正常语序为:主语加谓语,如果将谓语的一部或全部移到句首,就构成了倒装句。倒装句可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式:(1)完全倒装:整个谓语放在主语之前。如:Then began the long march into Washington.(2)部分倒装:谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放在主语之前。如:Hardly can he write his own name. 倒装句用于下列情况:(1)否定词位于句首
5、: Little do I know about this old woman.Never have I seen him before.Nowhere else can we find him.(2)only (和状语连用) 放在句首:Only in this way can we get there on time.Only when you have reached eighteen can you have the right to vote.(only如和主语连用位于句首,则不要倒装。如:Only you can work out the problem.)(以上两种情况均和助动词或
6、情态动词有关。)(3)句子以here, there, now, then, next等副词或介词短语开头。分两种情况:1)主语是名词时,结构为:副词/介词短语+动词+名词。如:Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Out rushed the soldiers.Then came the day all of us were looking forward to.On the top of the hill stands a beautiful tower.2)主语是人称代词,结构为:副词/介词短语+人称代词+动词。如:Here he comes.
7、Here you are. Out he rushed.(以上两种情况均和助动词或情态动词无关。)三、反馈练习:(一)强调句:1. It is I who _ wrong.A. is B. am C. are D. be2. It is you and your wife as well as your son who _ to blame.A. is B. am C. are D. be3. It was just by that time _ he had realized how silly he was.A. when B. which C. that D. where4. It wa
8、s in that corner _ they found their lost paper. A. where B. when C. which D. that5. It was on that day _ you came to our school _ we first met each other.A. that, where B. that, when C. when, that D. when, where6. It was at the library _ had just been completed _ I found him.A. that, which B. which,
9、 that C. that, where D. where, that7. It was in 1990 _ we began to carry out the important plan.A. that B. when C. since D. before8. It was 1990 _ we began to carry out the important plan.A. that B. when C. since D. before9. It is three months _ they left their home town.A. that B. when C. since D.
10、before10. It will be three months _ we take the college entrance examination.A. that B. when C. since D. before11. Wasnt it Dr. Wang who spoke to you just now?A. I didnt know he was B. Yes, it was C. No, he wasnt D. Yes, he did12. Dont _ that all these who get good grades in the entrance examination
11、 will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted13. It was only with the help of the local guide _. A. was the mountain climber saved B. that the mountain climber was saved C. when the mountain climber was saved D. then th
12、e mountain climber was saved14. It _ a long time since I _ Tom at my uncles and I dont know where he _ these months. A. is, saw, has been B. was, saw, has been C. was, had been, was D. is, had seen, has gone15. What color is it _ you have painted your house. A. what B. where C. which D. that16. - It
13、s a long time _ I saw you last. - Yes, and what a pity since it will be a long time _ we see each other again. A. since, before B. before, since C. when, when D. when, then17. It was _ midnight _ her son came back home. A. until, when B. not until, when C. not until, that D. until, that18. - Have al
14、l the important letters been delivered at the first time?- Im sorry. _ only 40% of them.A. It is B. They are C. There are D. It has been(二)倒装句:19. My brother had a bad cold last night. _. A. So had I B. So I had C. So did I D. So I did20. John won the first prize in the contest. _. A. So he did B. S
15、o was he C. So he did, too D. So did he, too 21. Hardly _ the station _ the bus arrived. A. I had reached, when B. had I reached, then C. I had reached, then D. had I reached, when22. _ had she reached the school gate _ the bell rang. A. As soon, when B. Hardly, than C. No sooner, than D. When, as s
16、oon as23. On the top of the hill _ where I once visited the monk. A. a temple stands B. does a temple stand C. a temple stands there D. stands a temple24. Seeing the policeman coming, away _. A. the boys ran B. ran the boys C. did the boys run D. the boys run25. Seeing the policeman coming, away _.
17、A. they ran B. ran they C. did they run D. they run26. Not only a writer but also _ here. A. a doctor were wanted B. was a doctor wanted C. a doctor was wanted D. were a doctor wanted27. Not only _ the car he _ been sold by his son for gambling debts but also his new house.A. /, has B. has, was C. h
18、as, has D. was, has28. Not until _ the work _ to bed. A. did he finish, he went B. he finished, he went C. he finished, did he go D. he finished, had he gone29. Id rather stay at home than go to see a film, _. A. neither had he B. neither would he C. so had he D. so would he30. _ hard, he would have
19、 passed the exam. A. Had he worked B. Has he worked C. Should he work D. Would he work31. _, the crops would be saved. A. It should rain B. If rains C. Should it rain D. If it rains32. By no means _ you. A. shall I understand B. I shall understand C. I understand D. I will understand33. On the wall
20、_ two large pictures A. hangs B. hang C. hanging D. are hung34. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party. A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing35. - Do you know Jim quarreled with his wife?- No, _.A. nor care I B. nor do I care C. nor I care D. I care nor36. _, he knows a lot. A. As
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