[英语考试]外刊经贸知识选读_重点词汇与课后答案.doc
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1、 Lesson 1 Chinas Foreign Trade(中国的对外贸易) 重点词组:1、link 连接(这里为往来2、pattern 模式、结构* 3、substantially 相当大的、重大的* 4、in return for 作为地交换 5、manufactured goods 工业产品 6、capital equipment 资本设备 7、industrialization programme 工业项目 8、heavy industry 重工业 9、produced gains in 从 中获利* 10、economic imbalances 经济失衡 11、national i
2、ncome 国民收入 12、contract 收缩、下降 13、aid 援助 14、shift away form towards 从转移到* 15、consistent theme 一贯的主题 16、strong emphasis placed on 强调、重视 17、trade relating 贸易往来 18、fell sharply 急剧下降(下滑) 19、grown rapidly 迅速增长* 20、sign in 签订 21、in the wake of 在之后 22、normalization of diplomatic relations 外交关系正常化 23、come int
3、o force 生效* 24、most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇 25、accounted for 占* 26、category 种类* 27、item 项目 28、US dollar value of 以美元计算的 29、increased at an average rate of 平均以比率增长 * 30、per annum 每年 31、visible trade surplus 有形贸易余额 32、rise sharply 迅速上升、猛增* 33、play a major role 起重要作用* 34、undue strain 沉重负担 35、a ne
4、t grain exporter 粮食净出口国* 36、pattern 模式* 37、reverse 逆转,相反 38、jump 暴涨* 39、visible trade account 有形贸易收支 40、in deficit 赤字、逆差* 41、buoyant 趋于上升* 42、attribute to 归因于 43、re-reported 再出口* 44、leading 最主要的* 45、decline 下降、减少* 46、supplier 供应者* 47、industrial country 工业化国家 48、expect 期望* 49、boost 推动、提高* 50、recovere
5、d strongly 很大恢复* 51、introducing advanced technology of 向引进先进技术* 52、sophistication 精密、尖端 53、invisible account 无形贸易收支 54、balance of payments 国际收支 55、earnings 收益、收入* 56、current account 经常项目 57、in surplus 处于顺差、有盈余* 58、reserves 储备、储量* 59、the balance 收支平衡*余额 60、specializes in 专门从事* 61、balance 平衡* 62、earni
6、ngs and requirements 收入和需求 63、run-down 减少、缩减* 64、as a means of 作为 65、international economic co-operation 国际经济合作 66、mount 举行、进行 67、trade fairs 商品展销会 68、practice 惯例 69、compensation trade 补偿贸易 70、raw materials 原材料 71、in return 作为报答 72、barter 易货贸易 73、counter-trade 反向贸易 74、a series of 一系列 75、designed to
7、旨在 76、joint venture 合资企业 77、The China International Trust Investment Corporation(CITIC)中国国际信托投资公司 78、transfer 转让* 79、for the time being 目前、暂时 80、direct investment 直接投资 81、access 接近的机会、享用权* 82、the international capital markets 国际资本市场 83、commercial terms 商业条件 84、compile 收集、汇集 85、OECD 经济合作和发展组织 86、Bank
8、 for International Settlements 国际清算银行 87、bulk 绝大部分、主体 88、in the short-term 从短期来看 89、over the longer term 从长期来看 90、representative offices 办事处 三、课后问题: 1、 Whats the meaning of “the pattern of Chinas foreign trade”? “The pattern of Chinas foreign trade” refers chiefly(主要的) to the commodity structure of
9、Chinas foreign trade and her trade partnership with the world. 2、 What kind of clause is introduced by “when” in the sentence of the third paragraph, section 1? An adverbial (状语) clause or an attributive (定语) one? An attributive clause 3、 “Official recognition that foreign technology could play a ma
10、jor role in modernizing the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978 placing undue strain (过度负担)on the national economy.”(中国政府认识到,国外技术对本国经济现代化作用重大,这使1978年中国的进口额增长了50%以上,结果国民经济背上了沉重的负担。) Why did the more than 50% rise in imports of 1978 place undue strain on Chinas
11、national economy? More foreign exchanges(外汇) is required for more imports. All sections of Chinas national economy would have to work harder and better to export and earn more for the imports increased. 4、 Whats “a net grain exporter(粮食净出口国)”? Does it mean one who has never done any imports? “A net
12、grain exporter” should be one who has done both imports and exports of the item, but finally exported more than imported within a period of time. 5、 “The strong increase in imports last year is attributed to buoyant economic activity as well as to the success of the Governments trade and foreign inv
13、estment policies.”(去年进口额的大大增加不仅是由于政府贸易政策与对外投资政策的成功,而且是由于趋于上升的经济。) What did Chinas foreign investment policies have to do with(与有关) her strong increase in imports? Foreign capital(外资) has flowed into (流入)China mostly in the form of foreign industrial investors to set up production facilities(生产设备) lo
14、cally(在地方上,本地) together with their Chinese partners or alone. For production efficiency(效率) and other reasons, as a rule they bring in technology and equipment from abroad to equip(装备) themselves. Thus (因此)it would result in a rise in imports. 6、 “Chinese officials stress the importance of introduci
15、ng advanced technology to domestic industry, but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication, not necessarily for advanced technology as the term is understood in the West.”(中国官员强调向国内工业部门引进国外先进技术的重要性,但他们需要是不同先进程度的技术,而不是一定需要西方国家所理解的那种纯粹的先进技术。) Whats the implication (含义)of the unde
16、rlined part of the paragraph quoted(引用) above? China is a developing country with her own economic condition. In introducing advanced technology into our country, we would first choose those most needed and applicable(可适用的) at the present stage(阶段,时期)of our economic development. 7、“The authorities d
17、o not consider it appropriate to incur large mounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy ,such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackled.(在经济中的许多实际障碍如运输能力不足和能源缺乏被克服之前,中国政府不赞成招来大笔外债的做法。) Why did China refuse to borrow more until th
18、eir transport capacity and energy supply have further increased? Chinas financial borrowing is for industrialization and modernization. Without well-developed transport network and enough energy supply, however, industry and the entire(整个的,全部的) economy could not be further(促进,更多的) expanded(扩大的,展开的)
19、successfully. Therefore(因此), its no time for borrowing them then, which could not be effectively(有效的) used and result only in heavy interest payment. 8、 “Chinas access to(有权使用) substantial (大量的) sums of money from the World Bank also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms.”(中国可以在世界银行中借贷巨额资金,
20、这减少了中国以商业条件进行接待的数量) What does “borrow on commercial terms” imply(暗示)here? And why does China prefer loans from the World Bank? “Commercial” carries(意味) the meaning of having profit making as the aim.(以获得利润为目标) “To borrow on commercial terms” is to borrow at the regular business interest rates (witho
21、ut any special favor received from the bank). China borrows from the World Bank Group for lower interest rates and other favorable conditions. Lesson 2 Chinas Absorption of Foreign Direct Investment (中国吸引外商直接投资) 二、重点词组:1、section 部分 2、roll up 卷起 3、bamboo curtain 竹幕 4、The special economic zone 经济特区 5、
22、coastal city 沿海城市 6、incentive 鼓励* 7、provincial capital 省会 8、attract 吸引* 9、assemble 汇集,形成 10、piecemeal 逐渐 11、the State Council 国务院 12、albeit 尽管 13、promulgate 颁布 14、even as 正在时候 15、battle with 与斗争 16、in an effort to fulfil 努力实现 17、do business with 与做生意 18、growing 变得* 19、showpiece 典范,样板* 20、introducein
23、to 向引进* 21、in particular 特别 22、standard of living 生活水平 23、aspire to 渴望 24、take note of 注意到 25、sales 销售的* 26、taken literally 从字面上理解 27、this does not make much sense没有多大实际意义 28、infrastructure 基础设施 29、cope with 履行、应付 30、transferto 传入,传到 31、share with 分享 32、inner regions 内地 33、foreign-exchange reserves
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