[英语考试]英美概况第6周课程Week 6.doc
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1、The House of Hanovarians Anne, despite so many births, died without leaving an heir, a new family of monarchs now took over the throne - the Hanoverians, from north Germany. King George I 1714 - 1727 Age 54-67. Great-grandson of James I. Two children. Buried in Hanover (Germany). George could hardly
2、 speak English and spent most of his time in his beloved Hanover. He made little effort to learn the language and customs of the country and communicated with his ministers in French. Sir Robert Walpole became Englands first Prime Minister. King George II 1727 - 1760 Age 44 - 77 Son of George I Marr
3、ied Caroline (German) Eight children Buried in Westminster Abbey. Preferred Germany to England, but learned to speak English, unlike his father. Interesting Fact:The last British monarch to lead troops into battle at the Battle of Dettingen against the French in 1743.King George III 1760 - 1820 Age
4、22-81 Grandson of George II Married Charlotte (German) Fifteen children Buried at Windsor. George III was the first Hanoverian monarch to be born in England. He was the son of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, and grandson of George II. He was the first monarch since Queen Anne to put British intere
5、sts well before those of Hanover.George III ruled for 50 years and fathered 15 children. Australia was colonised. His reign was the age of some of the greatest names in English literature - Jane Austen, Byron, Shelley, Keats and Wordsworth. It was also the time of great statesmen like Pitt and Fox a
6、nd great captains like Wellington and Nelson. In 1773 the Boston Tea Party was the first sign of the troubles that were to come in America. The American Colonies proclaimed their independence on July 4th 1776. The 1790s saw the French Revolution. The wars with France continued until Napoleons defeat
7、 at Waterloo in 1815. King George IV 1820 - 1830 Age 58-67 Eldest son of George III Married Mrs Fitzherbert (English), then Caroline (German) One child Buried at Windsor. He became Prince Regent while his father was very ill.Built Brighton Pavilion.George IVs only daughter died young.King William IV
8、 1830 - 1837 Age 65-71. Third son of George III. Married Adelaide (German). No children Buried at Windsor. Became known as the Sailor King after joining the navy from just 13 years old. During his reign England abolished slavery in the colonies in 1833.Queen Victoria 1837 - 1901 Age 18-81. Grand dau
9、ghter of George III. Maried Albert (German). Nine children. Buried at Windsor (Frogmore Mausoleum). Victoria was the daughter of Edward, duke of Kent (fourth son of George III) and a niece of George IV and William lV. She married Albert of Saxe - Coburg Gotha. Ruled during the industrial revolution.
10、 The British Empire became powerful, rich and confident. When Victoria died in 1901, after the longest reign in English history, the British Empire and British world power had reached their highest point. She had 9 children, 40 grand-children and 37 great-grandchildren, scattered all over Europe.115
11、4 - 1399 Plantagenets1399 - 1461 The House of Lancaster1461 - 1485 The House of York1485 -1603 The Tudors1603 - 1649 and 1660 - 1714 The Stuarts1714 -1901 The House of Hanovarians1901 -1910 and 1910 - Today Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and The WindsorsKing Edward VII 1901 - 1910 Age 60-69 Son of Victoria Marri
12、ed Alexandra (Danish) Six Children Buried at Windsor The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Edward was created Prince of Wales almost immediately after his birth.At an age when many men are about to retire from work, Edward at last got the job of being king.He married Alexandra of Denma
13、rk and kept Europe at peace during his life. He was known as Edward the Peacemaker. He enjoyed fine food and horse racing.The House of WindsorName changed in 1917When George V came to the throne, he changed the family name to Windsor because of the anti-German feeling at the time. King George V 1910
14、 - 1936 King Edward VIII June 1936 King George VI 1936 - 1952 Queen Elizabeth II 1952 - present day King George V 1910 - 1936 Age 45-70 Second son of Edward VII Married Mary (German) Six children Buried at Windsor Ruled Britain during First World War 1914 - 1918. During his reign women were allowed
15、to vote for the first time.Sinn Fein Easter Rising in 1916 led to independent Parliament in Ireland in 1918. King Edward VIII June 1936 Age 42 Eldest son of George V Married Mrs Wllis Simpson (American) No children Abdicated Ruled for just 325 days - abdicating December 1936Abdicated to marry Mrs Wa
16、llis Simpson, as he was not able to marry a divorced woman and become King. Mrs. Simpson was an American, a divorcee and had two husbands still living. King George VI 1936 - 1952 Age 41-57 Second son of George V Shy brother of Edward VIII Married Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Scottish) Two children Buried a
17、t Windsor He didnt expect to become King. Ruled during World War Two and refused to leave London during the blitz. The two Princesses, Elizabeth and Margaret, spent the war years at Windsor Castle.The post-war years of his reign were ones of great social change and saw the start of the National Heal
18、th Service. The whole country flocked to the Festival of Britain held in London in 1951 Queen Elizabeth II 1952 - present day Age 26 - Elder daughter of George VI Married Philip (Greek-born British-naturalized) Four children On Nov. 20, 1947, Elizabeth married Philip Mountbatten, duke of Edinburgh.
19、They were in Kenya (en route for a tour of Australia and New Zealand) when the King George VI died (Feb. 6, 1952) and Elizabeth succeeded to the throne. Her coronation, on June 2, 1953, was the first to be televised.Queen Elizabeth II is the 40th monarch (King or Queen) since William the Conqueror o
20、btained the crown of England in 1066.Royal Palaces and Castles Woodlands Junior School is in the south-east corner of EnglandTimeline of the Kings and Queens of EnglandWoodlands Junior School is in the south-east corner of EnglandThe Plantagenets 1154 - 1399The Plantagenets were a huge powerful fami
21、ly not just in England but throughout Europe. Their name came from planta genista, the Latin for yellow broom flower, which the Counts of Anjou wore as an emblem on their helmets. The first Plantagenet kings were the Angevins, from Anjou, and later followed related familes of Lancaster and of York.
22、King Henry II 1154 - 1189 King Richard I the Lionheart 1189 - 1199 King John 1 1199 - 1216 King Henry III 1216 - 1272 King Edward I 1272 - 1307 King Edward II 1307 - 1327 King Edward III 1327 - 1377 Richard II 1377 - 1399 King Henry II 1154 - 1189 Age 21-56 Son of Matilda Grandson of Henry I Married
23、 Eleanor (French) Eight children Buried at Fontevrault (France) Came to the throne at just 21. He ruled for thirty-four years, but spent only fourteen of them in England. He controlled more of France than the King of France. Thomas Becket was Henry IIs Chancellor before the king made him Archbishop
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