《洞身开挖及防护施工技术交底.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《洞身开挖及防护施工技术交底.doc(107页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、吴辛寨隧道洞身开挖施工技术交底 中铁一局五公司山平项目部 山西省山阴至平鲁(晋蒙界)高速公路LJ6 标 段 吴辛寨隧道洞身开挖施工技术交底编制: 审核: 中铁一局五公司山平高速公路路基桥隧第六项目部二一一年三月二十五日吴辛寨隧道洞身开挖施工技术交底一、 工程概况隧道工程位于吴辛寨村东北方向,设计为分离式隧道。左线进口里程为LK191+931,出口里程为LK192+527,全长596m.,明洞长28m,洞内平曲线半径为R-1229.82、R-1550;右线进口里程为K191+908,出口里程为K192+535,全长627米,明洞长24m,洞内平曲线半径为R-1980.18、R-1300。隧道最大
2、埋深左线64m,右线66.3m。洞门型式为削竹式,净空限高10.755.0m净断面面积为68.08m,属于中隧道。隧道埋深较浅,围岩均为IV、V级。IV级围岩共570m, V级围岩共541m。其中隧道围岩岩性主要为粉质土,节理及岩溶发育的白云质泥灰岩和灰岩。隧道洞身衬砌根据所处的工程地质条件按新奥法原理设计,采用柔性支护体系结构的复合式衬砌。二、 主要工程数量、人员、机械安排1、 主要工程数量:软石开挖6.9万立方,硬土开挖6.8万立方。2、 现场主要人员安排:工地负责人:陈宏君 徐敦义 技术负责人: 监理负责人:翟向阳 安全负责人:胡康泰3、 主要机械挖掘机1台、装载机1台、翻斗车4台、空压
3、机4台、发电机250KW2台。三、 洞身开挖及支护施工方案我标段隧道围岩主要为级、V级围岩,根据围岩情况及施工机械配备利用情况,级围岩采用弧形导坑预留核心土台阶法开挖,环形开挖长度以0.51.0m为宜,台阶长度不小于6米,采用机械开挖,初期支护及时封闭。下半断面采用拉中心槽,两侧留足台阶土,马口跳槽开挖落底,马口长度不宜大于3.0m,及时完成初期支护,以保证掌子面的稳定。型钢拱架钢筋网超前导管支护12345初期支护1初期支护2初期支护3初期支护5初期支护625中空注浆锚杆开挖1初期支护1仰拱开挖2开挖3开挖4初期支护2初期支护3二衬开挖5级围岩采用正台阶法开挖,开挖前先在拱部打设超前锚杆,对围
4、岩进行超前支护后进行开挖施工。采用机械配合人工开挖,待上半断面开挖完成后,立即按设计规定进行初期支护1,然后进行下台阶开挖进行初期支护2,上下台阶开挖进尺控制在1.52.0m,最终全断面模筑二次砼衬砌。级围岩开挖示意图:上半断面开挖上半断面初期支护铺设防水层模筑二次衬砌拱部超前锚杆沟槽路面施做施工步骤12拱部超前锚杆及初期支护上下台阶开挖法方案下半断面开挖下半断面初期支护四、 钻爆作业设计及工艺流程全隧道主要采用人工风钻打眼掘进,微差毫秒雷管爆破,侧卸式装载机配合挖掘机装碴,自卸汽车运输出碴。 针对不同类别围岩地段,分别采用喷、锚、网、钢架等施工支护;进洞时根据围岩类别采取不同的辅助施工措施。
5、首先按设计要求开挖明洞及洞顶截水沟,并及时施工暗洞顶部直墙锚杆支护及截水沟浆砌片石。在这一系列工作完成后,在暗洞口直墙上准确定出中心线、拱顶开挖高程,按五寸台法放出开挖轮廓线。炮孔采用人工风钻打眼,为减少对围岩的扰动及降低爆破振动强度,爆破采用非电毫秒微差控制爆破,炸药选用2岩石硝铵炸药,周边眼采用光面爆破、不耦合装药;掏槽眼及底板眼按抛掷爆破设计;其它炮眼采用深孔微振动控制爆破。施工过程中要合理安排,紧密配合。在施工中,必须做好地质超前预报工作,以保证施工顺利进行。(1)钻爆设计及技术要求、类围岩全断面开挖爆破设计掏槽眼:采用双临空孔平行直眼掏槽,眼深3.5m,掏槽布置如图所示: 1515
6、55 110 11045中空孔由钻孔直径48mm扩大为102mm,掏槽位置布设在开挖面中心线左侧或右侧1.5m高度1.8m的位置。周边眼:间距E=50cm,周边眼至内圈眼距离为60cm,周边眼装药集中度(即每米长炮眼的装药量)为0.3kg/m。周边眼采用不偶合间隔装药结构,使炸药沿炮眼均匀分布并在炮眼底部加强装药以克服岩石的夹制作用。使用2岩石硝铵炸药卷35165按设计的装药集中度预先加工串药卷,并把药卷30-45cm距离间隔地绑在竹片上,再用导爆索串起来即可。底板眼:炮眼间距a=60cm其它炮眼:采用横向a=0.8-1.2m,竖向b=1-1.2m(2)爆破施工技术要求施工测量:开挖作业前,用
7、激光断面仪或者测量仪器按设计断面放出隧道开挖轮廓线,并使用醒目标志(一般采用红色油漆线)显示在隧道的开挖断面上。钻爆作业:施钻根据钻爆设计图中所示的炮眼个数、眼距、炮眼深度及要求的外插角度、眼底误差进行作业,为防止人为原因引起超欠挖,司钻工或台车司机必须严格按技术要求进行作业。钻机就位:台车、风钻按规定就位,接通风、水、电路,开钻时先送水,后送风。手风钻开孔时,宜用1m以内的短钻杆,待钻孔定位并钻进0.5m以上后再换长钻杆。炮眼间距偏差:掏槽眼不大于2cm,周边眼与内圈眼不大于3cm,周边眼眼底不得超出外轮廓5cm,其它眼不大于5cm。炮眼方向:司钻中随时观察每臂(台)钻进情况,利用已打好的孔
8、眼作标志,掌握好钻眼方向,以达到“准、直、平、齐”的要求。顺邦打眼:坚持顺邦打眼,钻臂(风钻)紧贴岩壁,最大限度地减少超挖。周边眼外插角不大于1.5,底板眼方向与隧道坡率基本相同。掏槽眼:掏槽眼位置可根据掌子面围岩结构特征适当调整,掏槽眼较掘进眼深20cm,以取到较好的开挖进尺。清孔:装药前,采用高压风,使用特制钢管清洗眼中的石碴、石粉及泥浆。装药:装药采用多功能台架装药,装药专人操作,并制定相应的安全规程。严格按技术交底中规定的装药量及装药结构操作,同时根据不同的围岩状况灵活调装药量,以达到更好的爆破效果。炮孔口堵塞:炮孔口用炮泥堵塞,堵塞长度不小于20cm,炮泥用炮泥机制作,成分为泥土、砂
9、和水,合理的重量百分比为土:砂:水=7080:810:1320,最小密度达到1.90g/cm3,并具有较好的柔软性,炮眼堵塞长度不小于30cm。爆破:爆破工从药库领出的药卷和导爆管确认并保存好段数标记。起爆网络按钻爆设计的形式连接,主爆网络采用双管双索,以确保可靠起爆。网络连接好后由爆破工再次检查确认,无误后施爆。如发现瞎炮应立即处理。如果炮眼外的电线,导火索检查完好,可以重新起爆。距瞎炮60cm以外,另打一平行炮眼,装药爆破,使瞎炮诱爆。如果用易溶水的硝铵炸药,可消除炮泥,然后用水灌入炮眼使炸药溶解,并用水冲出。五、 质量保证措施1、 落实质量负责制,把质量工作贯穿施工全过程,使质量处于受控
10、状态。2、 严格落实双检制、复合签认制。按公路技术规范和设计要求施工。3、 严格执行施工前技术交底,对作业人员进行定期质量教育和考核。六、 施工注意事项1、 施工队对洞口施工事前在项目部领导下要有统一的规划,建立完整的施工管理班子。洞口地势狭小,设备拥挤,每天作业必须有专人指挥,专人负责。2、 安全帽、防滑鞋、安全绳等必备的防护用品一件不能缺。机械开挖严格遵循由上向下施工,开挖后的裸露面及时进行防护,然后进行下步施工。3、 爆破作业严格执行爆破施工操作规程,严禁无证操作。放炮前,前后左右必须有专人放哨,有明显的警戒标志,点炮时做到炮数心中有数,有专人指挥,专人负责。4、 工地用风、用电必须有专
11、人负责专人操作,风水管线做到顺直有序,严禁私拿乱放。5、 保护环境,最大限度减少施工对环境的破坏,加强植被保护,非不得已,不得破坏。严格禁止乱挖、乱踩、乱占植被。七、 环保措施1生态环境的保护措施 在施工期间应始终保持工地的良好排水状态,修建临时排水渠道,并与永久性排水设施相连,不得引起淤积和冲刷。 在生活区周围适当种植树木,美化生产和生活环境。生活垃圾集中堆放,统一外运掩埋废弃。 对有害物质(燃料、油料等)要通过可行的措施处理后运至适宜地点进行掩埋,以防泄漏,造成对植物的损害。施工便道修建时统一规划,本着尽量较少破坏植被的要求。经过草场部分需清除表面草皮、腐殖土统一堆放,以备后期恢复用,堆积
12、物需对方整齐平顺然后采用草绿色土工织物覆盖。便道、施工场地开挖时应将开挖坡面平顺夯实,同时做好防排水工作。 运输车辆必须作好防止漏失措施,以防物料污染道路。施工驻地厕所统一挖池规划,废弃物统一在适宜地点掩埋。拆除临时设施时,应将一切废弃物运往当地环保部门同意的指定地点,恢复场地原貌。竣工后,对临时施工场地的废渣及一切废弃物资、设备和器材进行妥善清理平整。2水环境保护措施 施工废水、生活污水不得任意排放,需采取措施集中处理,符合环保标准后,才能排放到沟渠中。生活污水经过沉淀处理后可用于浇灌草地或洒水降尘。(2) 施工期间,施工物料如水泥、油料、化学品等应堆放管理严格,防止物料在雨季被雨水径流排入
13、地表及附近水域造成污染。(3)施工机械应防止严重漏油,禁止机械在运转中产生的油污水未经处理就直接排放,或维修施工机械时油污水直接排放。3大气环境及粉尘的防治为了减轻施工现场的环境空气污染,保护现场施工人员健康 水泥混凝土拌和站需进行场地硬化,施工时注意及时洒水,以减少粉尘对周围环境的影响,操作人员要配备必要的劳保防护、防尘用品。 施工场地和运输道路需及时洒水防止产生扬尘造成对自然环境的破坏。 车辆在运送水泥砂石料等易扬尘的材料应控制装料量,同时采用篷布对车厢进行覆盖以防止粉尘造成大气污染。4控制噪声施工的噪声主要来自施工机械、运输车辆和拌和设备。为了保护施工人员健康及防治影响周围环境,采取以下
14、措施:(1)精心保养机械,使之保持最佳的工作状态和最低噪音水平, 并对使用的工程机械和运输车辆安装消声器,施工人员操作机械时,要带耳塞、口罩,实行轮换工种、减少工作时间等制度。(2)适当控制机械布置密度,尽量拉开一定距离,避免机械过于集中形成噪音叠加。5绿色植被保护措施工程所在地自然生态环境比较脆弱,植被破坏后恢复难度较高,施工中采取以下保护措施:(1) 尽量少占用永久性用地以外的用地,若因修建临时工程破坏了现有的绿色植被,可先将表层植被土暂时存放,采用草绿色土工织物进行覆盖,待工程完工后在拆除临时工程时予以恢复。(2)施工期间对破坏植被的面积应严格控制,除了不可避免的工程占地、砍伐以外,不应
15、再发生其它形式的人为破坏。(3)明洞挖出的土石不得横向弃土,应在路线红线范围内就近规整堆放,暗洞开挖石方及时安排车辆运到弃碴场。(4)加强职工保护动、植物的意识教育,严禁乱砍乱伐及一切伤害野生动、植物的行为。 中铁一局五公司山平高速LJ6标 2011年3月25日106 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive st
16、rictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cad
17、res can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpr
18、etation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main cha
19、nges and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics sev
20、eral guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of i
21、nheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plen
22、ary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementati
23、on of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allo
24、wed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Cri
25、minal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the co
26、nstruction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws a
27、nd regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading c
28、adres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of t
29、he party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth sessio
30、n of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Comm
31、ission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of t
32、he Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Co
33、mmittee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), t
34、he General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Cent
35、ral Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated
36、 the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping im
37、portant instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution t
38、o follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fun
39、damental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also th
40、e general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of di
41、scipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The
42、 revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, J
43、i Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the
44、 majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especial
45、ly the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) code
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2043015.html