高考英语考试目标.ppt
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1、Welcome!,Students: Class 3, Senior Three Teacher: Shen Ping Time:2007.10.17 Wed.,Practical Reading skills,Reading Objectives (35) (高考英语考试目标),2. To guess the meaning implied in the passage (推测文章中的隐含意义),3. To understand the words and sentences by context (根据上下文正确理解词语和句子),4.To finish reading different
2、types of writing by reading skills (用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读),1.To understand and conclude the major idea of the passage (理解归纳文章主旨大意),Practical Reading Skills,1. To find out the title, key words and key sentences. 2. According the context and the relationship between words, one can guess the meaning. 3. To un
3、derstand the words and sentences through word-building(构词法),synonym(同义词),sentence conversion(句型转换)etc. 4. To use different kinds of reading skills (skimming, scanning, skip),Homework Review the reading skills we have learnt today. 2. Finish the extra exercises.,A.Skills(技巧): 了解文章段落组成结构. a. 主题句在段首 b.
4、主题句在段末 c. 主题句在中间 2. 如有标题,标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。 3. 任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的,因此,许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的关键词。抓住了它,便容易抓住文章的中心。 4. 忽略生词。,1.To understand and conclude the major idea of the passage(理解归纳文章主旨大意),B. 主旨大意题的题干表现形式 1. 主题型: 1) The main idea of the passage is 2) The passage is mainly concerned with (上海06B,07D篇
5、) 3) What is the passage mainly about? 4) What can be concluded from the passage? (07上海C篇) 2. 目的类 1) The passage is meant to . 2) The purpose of this article is to 3. 标题类 The best title for the passage might be 2) Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? (07上海A篇),C. 应试技巧 如何寻
6、找主题句,Example 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant,
7、and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.,(1)主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头,其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文,科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。,_,Example 2 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to wo
8、rk on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.,(2)主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。 本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。,_ _,Example 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night i
9、f a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been
10、out.,(3)在短文中间 当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题,文中 的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展.,_ _ _,What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about an ice-cream taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrion, an “Official Taste Tes
11、ter” for the past 21 years. Testing helps manufacturers to be sure of a products quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream as well as for developing over 75 flavors (味道).,68. Which of the following is probably the best title of the
12、 passage? A. Tasting with Eyes B. Flavors of Ice Cream C. John Harrisons Life D. One Cool Job,实战练习 07上海reading A,_,2. To guess the meaning implied in the passage (推测文章中的隐含意义),A. Skills: (1) 解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。 (2)推理的根据来自于上下文。,B. 推断题的常见形式: (1) It can be inferred from the text that (2) From the t
13、ext we know that (3) The story implies that (4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be (5) The writers attitude towardis ,Example 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant,“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What
14、do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well,”replied the man,“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.” Q: The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _
15、. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects,_,_ _,_,_,_,根据词义关系推断具体细节。,Example 2 Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl,but her sister was quite sedate A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic,【解析】答案为 B calm。句中的 but合符逻辑,指明 sedate正是active的反义
16、词。calm实为sedate的同义词 或近义词。这样but就成为寻找sedate这个生词意思的 答案的线索或信息。,3. To understand the words and sentences by context (根据上下文理解词语和句子),Skills (1) 利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理.,B.常见形式,1) The underlined word in the paragraph refers to /means 2) What does “_” in paragraph stand for /mean? 3) “_” could best be
17、replaced by which of the following? 4) The expression /phrase “_” means 5) The word “_” is closest in meaning to,(2)常用的手段是利用多种表达法、词的多义性、同近义语替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换,否定命题假设等,有时还需依靠构词法。,When a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway, he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprin
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