亚当斯密看不见的手.ppt
《亚当斯密看不见的手.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《亚当斯密看不见的手.ppt(23页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Gems of Idea,Page 2,亚当斯密与看不见的手,His gems,国民财富的性质和原因的研究 An Inquiry Into The Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations (The Wealth of Nations) Father of economics Economics: a study of how society manages its scarce resources. What Who how,关于“市场”,市场经济 Market economy 市场机制 market mechanism market forces
2、 vs. market power 政府调控与市场机制的有机统一 Closely integrate government control with market forces laissez-faire 自由放任 政府干预 Governmental intervention,中译英词汇辨析,流行观点 Prevalent view 分散 (火灾)分散人群 evacuate 分散的市场经济 Decentralized market economies 分散化投资 Diversified investments,句子翻译,让人们各行其是,而不要让政府沉重的手来指导他们的行为,结果往往会最好。 In
3、dividuals are usually best left to their own devices, without the heavy hand of government guiding their actions. Leave (someone) to his own devices:To allow to do as one pleases device: the act or process of planning or devising,为什么分散的市场经济运行得这么好 ? 运行 operation, motion 经济运行 Economic operation/perfor
4、mance Why do decentralized market economies work so well?,经济参与者受利己心所驱动,而市场中“看不见的手”指引着这种利己心去促进总体的经济福利。 Participants in the economy are motivated by self-interest and the “invisible hand” of the market guides this self-interest into promoting general economic well-being.,Muhammad Yunus about His Villa
5、ge Bank,In 1974, I found it difficult to teach elegant theories of economics in the university classroom in the backdrop of a terrible famine then occurring in Bangladesh. 1974年,正逢孟加拉严重饥荒,我无法旁若无视地在大学教室里讲授高深的经济学理论。 Suddenly I felt the emptiness of those theories in the face of crushing hunger and pov
6、erty. 面对如此严重的饥荒和贫困,我突然感到这些理论是如此的空洞。,This, to me, was a way of recruiting slave labor. 这在我眼里就是压榨奴隶。 about “labor” 劳动教养、劳动改造(中国译界流行的译法):reform/education/rehabiliation through labor 韦氏第三版新国际词典:expenditure of physical or mental effort esp. when fatiguing, difficult, or compulsary 西方文献关于labor的用法:labor ca
7、mp(劳改营),penal labor(刑罚性的劳动),prison/convict labor(监狱劳工),slavery and forced labor(奴隶和强迫劳动),child labor(童工),bonded labor(包身工) 政治色彩、侵犯人权 劳动改造:criminal reformation 劳动教养:education of offenders 劳动态度、劳动自觉性:attitude toward work, work initiative 劳动力(劳工):labor force,The bank said that the poor were not creditw
8、orthy. After all my efforts, over several months, failed I offered to become a guarantor for the loans to the poor. 银行说他们不值得信任。经过数月的不懈努力,我还是没有说服他们,于是我成为了穷人的贷款担保人。 小额信贷 microcredit,collateral-free income generating loans 免担保保增收贷款 关于“担保” collateral:质押,多指流动资产类,最常见的是票据,如:存单、存折、国债等质押。 mortgage:抵押,指固定资产类,
9、如:房产、机械设备等抵押。 guarantee:担保,指信用担保,可以是第三方的信用,也可以是第三方的资产。 outstanding loans 未偿贷款,Accroding to Grameen Banks internal survey, 64 per cent of our borrowers have crossed the poverty line. 格莱珉银行的内部调查显示,64%的借债人已摆脱贫困。 We want to make a break in the historical continuation of poverty. 我们不想让贫困继续下去。,It is claim
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 亚当斯 看不见
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2082189.html