遗传学与分子生物学系.ppt
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1、遗传学与分子生物学系,Molucular Biology Lu Shermin (吕社民) Tel: 82657764 Email:,遗传学与分子生物学系,Lecture I: Introduction Of Molecular Biology,Definition, Goal and Scope Fundamentals A brief history Methodology of Molecular Biology Role in Medical sciences prospective,遗传学与分子生物学系,Definition An elusive term, More than on
2、e definition Study life (biology) in molecular level Study gene structure and function at the molecular level. Grew out of the disciplines of genetics and biochemistry. Hybrid discipline Biochemistry Genetics Molecular Biology Biophysics,遗传学与分子生物学系,Goal To understand the five basic cell behavior pat
3、terns (growth, division, specialization, movement, and interaction) in terms of various molecules that are responsible for them,遗传学与分子生物学系,Scope Structure and function of Nucleotides and protein Structure and function of genome Gene proliferation, expression, regulation and biological function Inter
4、action between biological macromolecules Intra and intermolecular signal transduction Technology of molecular biology,遗传学与分子生物学系,Scope of Medical Molecular Biology Molecular mechanism of cellular growth, differentiation and Senescence in human being Molecular basis of proliferation and its regulatio
5、n of human cells Molecular Biology of three regulatory systems (nervous, endocrine and immune systems) in human body Relationship between abnormality of gene structure, regulation with etiopathogenesis of human diseases Gene diagnosis and gene therapy in terms of theory and technology of molecular b
6、iology Drug discovery and health care in terms of theory and technology of molecular biology,遗传学与分子生物学系,Lecture I: Introduction Of Molecular Biology,Definition, Goal and Scope Fundamentals A brief history Methodology of Molecular Biology Role in Medical sciences prospective,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,“We
7、ak” Interactions,Chemical bonds (covalent) have energies of 101-2 kcal/mole. STRONG Weak interactions Hydrogen bonds 5 kcal/mole Van der Waals interactions 1 kcal/mole “Hydrophobic” interactions Less classifiable, a consequence of other forces,遗传学与分子生物学系,Hydrophobic interactions,Polar materials (wat
8、er) on balance have attractive intermolecular forces. Nonpolar materials have no particular tendency to associate. Result: Nonpolar materials within an aqueous compartment associate because they are excluded by the mutually attractive forces between the molecules of the medium,遗传学与分子生物学系,Nucleotides
9、,Base Sugar (Base + Sugar = Nucleoside) Phosphate (Nucleoside + phosphate = Nucleotide),遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,遗传学与分子生物学系,Lecture I: Introduction Of Molecular Biology,Definition, Goal and Scope Fundamentals A brief history Methodology
10、of Molecular Biology Role in Medical sciences prospective,Gregor Mendel (1822-1884),MAURICE H. F. WILKINS (1916-),ROSALIND E. FRANKLIN (1920-1958),Linus Carl Pauling (1901-1994),Oswald Theodore Avery (1877-1955),遗传学与分子生物学系,A brief history (time line) 1839 Schleiden & Schwann Cell theory 1859 Darwin:
11、 1865 Mendel: Genetics 1869 Miescher: discovered DNA 1902 Sutten Chromosome 1910,1916 Morgan: gene are on chromosomes 1944 Avery: identified DNA as the material genes are made of 1953 Watson Crick: DNA structure 1958 Meselson & Stahl: semiconservative replication of DNA 1961 Jacob et al: discovered
12、mRNA 1972 Berg: recombinant DNA in vitro 1973 Cohen: first used plasmid to clone DNA 1977 Gilbert & Sanger: sequence 1986 Mullis: PCR 1990 Watson et al: Lauched the HGP 1997 Wilmut: Dolly 1998- Bioinformatics,Proteomes(ome),遗传学与分子生物学系,Major Achievements of Molecular Biology after 70s DNA polymerase
13、dependent on RNA (Reverse transcription) Tool enzymes (restrictive endonuclease, DNA ligase, etc) Split gene DNA Sequencing MAb Ribozymes PCR Gene regulation Transgenic organism DNA recombination in intro and in vivo (gene therapy) HGP iRNA Proteomics Hapmap (SNPs) Bioinformatics Systems biology,遗传学
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