大学英语听力理解过程中的对障碍因素及对策64049746.doc
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1、毕业论文大学英语听力理解过程中的障碍因素及对策 IITable of ContentsIntroduction.1Chapter1 Obstacle Factors in Listening Comprehension.2 1.1Characteristics of listening materials.2 1.2 Characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materials21.2.1 Changes in sound.21.2.2 Intonation and the sequence of sounds.31.2.3 Ver
2、biages intherlude.41.2.4 Tow different voice systems, RP and GA.41.3 Difficulties on the part of learners.5Chapter2 Tactics to Resolve the Obstacles.7 2.1 Listening and vocabulary.7 2.2 Correlation of listening and reading.7 2.3 To grasp the process of listening8 2.4 To focus on practical training9C
3、hapter3 Tactics in the English Listening Teaching11 3.1 Changes in teaching pattern11 3.2 To select the listening materials.11 3.3 Aims of listening practice11 3.4 Emotional problems of learners.13Conclusion.16Acknowledgements.17Bibliography18大学英语听力理解过程中的障碍因素及对策摘要 “听”作为人类言语交际方式之一,在信息剧增、国际交往日益频繁的今天更具
4、有重要意义,因此,在英语学习中“听”应该是第一位的。长期以来由于受环境等因素的制约,我们所学的英语大多是“聋子式的”或“哑巴式的”。因此,如何提高听力始终为人们所关注。鉴于听力的重要性和难度,本文将探讨解决大学英语听力理解过程中的障碍因素。首先从听力材料的特点,材料中说话者的语言特征,及学习者自身因素来分析听力理解过程中的障碍因素,并通过这一分析得出一些解决问题的策略和听力技巧(例如:增加词汇量、把握关键词、注重练习、扩大知识面等等),以及它们在英语听力教学过程中的实际运用。关键词 听力 障碍 技巧 The Obstacle Factors and Tactics in College Eng
5、lish Listening ComprehensionAbstract Leaps in information and international dealings are getting more and more frequent in society today. As one of the ways of verbal communication, “Listening” is becoming more significant during international exchanges. Therefore, “Listening” is the primacy in Engl
6、ish study. Although we have learned English knowledge for many years, sometimes we also could not speak fluently or listen exactly, and even like the deaf-mutes. The reason is that we have been restricted within the surroundings and other factors for a long time. So, people are always pay attention
7、to how to improve the level of listening. In view of the importance and difficulties of listening, the thesis aims at the discussion of the tactics to solve the obstacles in the college English listening comprehension. Firstly, it analyzes the obstacle factors in listening comprehension according to
8、 characteristics of listening materials, characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materials, and difficulties on the part of learners. In addition, it concludes some methods and listening skills to resolve problems (such as increase vocabulary, grasp the key words, focus on practical trai
9、ning widen the knowledge and so on), and their application in the English listening teaching.Key words Listening Obstacles Skills IIIIntroductionAs one of the principal ways of receiving information, listening plays an important role in English study. Listening comprehension is an essential capabili
10、ty to grasp the language and semantics. The listener has to complicatedly process the phonetic signals which they heard. The whole process is a very enthusiastic and active movement, and it also is the mutual-impact and interaction of the background knowledge, the context and language knowledge. The
11、 process absorbs information from the listening materials continuously till forming the process of understanding. This shows that verbal communication starts with listening, understanding and finally entering the exchanging process. The sociality of language determines the ultimate goal of language
12、learninginterpersonal communication, and the whole process is the exchanging between the input and the output of information. In order to ensure the process goes smoothly and coherently, the information must be understood. The human has two basic ways to understand information: listening comprehensi
13、on and reading comprehension. Listening comprehension processes various forms of language (written or oral, formal and informal, etc.) directly. It emphasizes the capability of dealing with information rapidly, which plays an important role in terms of language learning. In the process of the second
14、 language which can be learned lacks realistic speech circumstance, so listening training is the essential link. In view of this, the thesis will explore ways and strategies to improve students level of listening by analyzing the obstacle factors in college English listening comprehension.This thesi
15、s from three aspects to discuss the obstacle factors and tactics in college English listening comprehension. The first part mainly analyzes the obstacle factors. And these problems are analyzed from three aspects, namely listening materials, characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materi
16、als and difficulties on the part of learners. The contents of the second part are the methods and strategies which are used to solve the obstacle factors mentioned in the chapter one. Combining with the English listening teaching, the third part discusses how to help students resolve these obstacles
17、.Chapter 1 Obstacle Factors in Listening Comprehension1.1 Characteristics of listening materialsTo some extent, characteristics of listening materials decide the difficulty of the listening:1) They belong to the audio materials, which is easy to fleet from listeners ears that is different from the r
18、eading materials which the reader can go back to read in any time;2) The content relates to all areas of life, including chat at the street, saying proverbs, new affairs and situations being not well-known by learners, and the speakers change the topic in the same dialogue from time to time;3) For s
19、ome content, the listener can not forecast what the speaker will say next, such as reports, interviews and daily dialogues, because sometimes they are lack of logic.4) Although we know it well if we look at it in the paper, characteristics of liaison and lost plosive make it difficult for the listen
20、er to indentify the single word when he listens to the materials.5) A large number of colloquial words and expression often appear in the daily dialogue materials. For example, using stuff to replace material, and using guy to express the meaning of man and so on. Sometimes there is slang or some ex
21、pressions which are inconsistent with the grammar, for example, the compositions of the sentence are incomplete or tautological. These are unfamiliar for the learner who mainly learns the formal written expression.1.2 Characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materials1.2.1 Changes in soun
22、dChanges of sound refer to the English words pronunciation change in a sense group. The main changes include liaison, incomplete plosion, epenthesis, elision and assimilation and so on. And these changes have an important effect on the level of listening, because it is difficult for beginners to mas
23、ter the law of these sounds. I will discuss the effect of the changes as follows:(1)In the same sense group, the suffixs pronunciation of the former word is read by linking with the initialness of the latter which adjacently follows it, that is called liaison. There are the following three condition
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