大学商务英语教学课件习题答案(王玉环赖艳主编)chapter3InternationalTradeTerms.ppt
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1、,International Trade Terms,Chapter 3,Objectives,返回目录,Understand the purpose of INCOTERMS Know the structure of INCOTERMS 2000 Grasp the essential meaning of thirteen terms. Compare and contrast the use of FOB CFR and CIF,They are the short terms or abbreviations which are used to explain the price c
2、omposition, to define the methods of delivery of the goods, to indicate which party bears the freight, insurance and other relevant charge, and assume the liability in case damage or loss of the goods occurs.,返回目录,Definition of trade terms,Trade terms, also known as price terms or delivery terms, ar
3、e standardized terms used in sales contracts that describe the place and manner for the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer. 贸易术语(trade terms),又称价格术语, 交货条件,是一些标准化的英文缩写,它们对买卖双方在交易过程中有关手续、责任、风险及费用的划分作出了明确的规定。,Definition of trade terms,3.1 Components of Trade Terms: price,Type of currency Pr
4、ice per unit Unit price Measurement unit Trade term Price term Total price 750 per M/T CIF London type of currency price per unit measurement unit trade term,Components of Trade Terms,E.g. “US$100 per dozen FOB New York” US$ 100 per dozen FOB New York Currency price per unit measurement unit trade t
5、erms,3. 2 INCOTERMS,HISTORY: 1) International customary practices (国际贸易惯例) Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 华沙牛津公约 Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941美国对外贸易修订本 International Rules For the Interpretation of Trade Terms国际贸易术语解释通则 2) International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Term (Incoter
6、ms) : Incoterms 1936 Amendments and additions are made in 1953, 1967, 1976, 1980, 1990, 2000 INCOTERMS 2000,返回目录,2. Scope of INCOTERMS 2000 INCOTERMS deal with a number of identified obligations imposed on the partiessuch as the sellers obligation to place the goods at the disposal of the buyer or h
7、and them over for carriage or deliver them at destination the distribution of risk between the parties in these cases. obligation to provide proof that the respective obligations have been duly fulfilled. the sellers obligation to place the goods at the disposal of the buyer or hand them over for ca
8、rriage or deliver them at destination,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,2. Scope of INCOTERMS 2000 Although Incoterms 2000 is popularly and generally accepted, these interpretations are not laws or international pacts. They are not binding on all parties except when they have agreed to use whichever of them to in
9、terpret the trade terms. Merchants wishing to use these rules should clearly specify that their contracts will be governed by “INCOTERMS 2000”.,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,3. Structure of INCOTERMS 2000 comprising 13 different terms, fitting different situations and depending on how the parties wish to divi
10、de their responsibilities. 4 categories: Group E term : 1 Group F terms: 3 Group C terms: 4 Group D terms: 5,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,3. Structure of INCOTERMS 2000 Under the “E”-term (EXW), the seller only makes the goods available to the buyer usually at the sellers own premises. There is only one term
11、 in this category. Under the “F”-terms (FCA, FAS and FOB), the seller is called upon to deliver the goods to a carrier appointed and paid by the buyer. Under the “C”-terms (CFR, CIF, CPT and CIP), the seller has to contract and pay for carriage, but the seller doesnt assume the risk of loss of or da
12、mage to the goods or additional costs due to events occurring after shipment and dispatch.,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,3. Structure of INCOTERMS 2000 Under the “D”-terms (DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU and DDP), the seller has to bear all costs and risks needed to bring the goods to the country of destination. Note: To
13、 develop a fundamental understanding of the thirteen terms, one can focus on identifying three issues: transfer of risk, division of cost and liability for loading and unloading of the cargo at the time of delivery.,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,3.2.2 Structure of INCOTERMS 2000,4. Interpretation of trade ter
14、ms in INCOTERMS 2000 EXWEx Works (named place ) 工厂交货 This term imposes on the seller the minimum obligations, cost and risks. The seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when he has made the goods available to the buyer usually at the sellers own premises or another named place (i.e., works, facto
15、ry, warehouse, etc.) not cleared for export and not loaded the goods on the vehicle provided by the buyer. The buyer has to bear all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the sellers premises to the desired destination。 This term should not be used when the buyer cant carry out the expor
16、t formalities directly or indirectly 出口手续,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,4. Interpretation of trade terms in INCOTERMS 2000 Group F - Main Carriage Not Paid By Seller 1) FCA-Free Carrier (.named place) 货交承运人 This term means that the seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the
17、 buyer at the named place or point. It should be noted that the chosen place of the delivery has an impact on the obligation of loading and unloading the goods at that place. If delivery occurs at the sellers premise, the seller is responsible for loading. If delivery occurs at any other place, the
18、seller is not responsible for unloading. This term may be used for any mode of transport, including multimodal transport.,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,4. Interpretation of trade terms in INCOTERMS 2000 Group F - Main Carriage Not Paid By Seller 1) FCA-Free Carrier (.named place) 货交承运人 “Carrier” means any per
19、son who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of transport by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes. If the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, e.g. a freight forwarder(货运代理) who is not a “car
20、rier”, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person.,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,4. Interpretation of trade terms in INCOTERMS 2000 Group F - Main Carriage Not Paid By Seller 2) FAS - Free Alongside Ship ( named port of shipment) 目的港船边交货 F
21、AS means that the seller delivers when the goods have been placed alongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. “Alongside the ship” can be understood literally. Under this term the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that moment.
22、 The term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. However, if the parties wish the buyer to clear the goods for export,(办理货物出口清关手续 ) this should be made clear by adding explicit wording to this effect in the sales contract. This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.,
23、返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,4. Interpretation of trade terms in INCOTERMS 2000 Group F - Main Carriage Not Paid By Seller 3) FOB - Free On Board ( named port of shipment). 船上交货 one of the most common terms used in international trade. It means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver the goods when
24、 they have passed over the ships rail at the named port of shipment. “船上交货”是当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷,卖方即完成交货。 This means that the buyer has to bear all expenses and risks of or damage to the goods from that point. 这意味着买方必须从该点起承担一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险。FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口报关手续。该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。,返回目录,3. 2 INCOTERMS,3) FOB - F
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