hv任务二 焊条电弧焊方法与设备使用.doc
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11、ing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct Government credit + business credit credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital i
12、nto the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land as the goal, to optimize the area under development environment. All administrative law enforcement departments to a
13、ppoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To
14、further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the .Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central eight rules and opp
15、osing the four winds and practicing three Suns, and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first, adherence to the partys political discipline, eight in the central p
16、rovision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the partys political disciplines. Conscientiously abide by the partys political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent wi
17、th the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the partys political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units, primary first-hand an inad
18、equate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, some
19、times due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further任务二 焊条电弧焊方法与设备使用教学目标: 了解焊条电弧焊的原理、工艺特点及应用范围;能合理选用焊接材料;能合理制定焊条电弧焊工艺;掌握焊条电弧焊操作技术;教学活动设计:利用多媒体课件辅助教学、现场教学;教学重点:焊条电弧焊的原理、工艺特点制定焊条电弧焊工艺;掌握焊条电弧焊操作技术教学难点:对工艺制定及操作的掌握教学内容: 学习单元一 认知焊条电弧焊一、焊条电弧焊的特点焊条电弧焊是最常用的熔焊方法之一。焊接过程如图1-1所示。在
20、焊条末端和工件之间燃烧的电弧所产生的高温使药皮、焊芯和焊件熔化,药皮熔化过程中产生的气体和熔渣,不仅使熔池和电弧周围的空气隔绝,而且和熔化了的焊芯、母材发生一系列冶金反应,使熔池金属冷却结晶后形成符合要求的焊缝。焊条电弧焊具有以下优点: 1.设备简单维护方便 2.操作灵活 在空间任意位置的焊缝,凡焊条能够达到的地方都能进行焊接。 3.应用范围广 焊条电弧焊具有以下缺点: 1.对焊工要求高 2.劳动条件差 3.生产效率低 二、坡口形式和焊接位置1.接头和坡口形式焊条电弧焊常用的基本接头有对接、搭接、角接和T形接头,如图l-2所示。不同的焊接接头以及不同板厚应加工成不同的坡口形式。对接接头常用的坡
21、口形式如图1-3所示。板厚16mm时,用I形坡口;板厚增加时可选用Y形、X形和U形等各种形式的坡口。 2.焊接位置 熔焊时,被焊焊件接缝所处的空间位置,称为焊接位置,如图l-5所示。(1)平焊位置 焊缝倾角0焊缝转角90的焊接位置称为平焊位置,如图1-5a所示。在平焊位置进行的焊接称为平焊。(2)横焊位置 焊缝倾角0,180;焊缝转角0,180的对接位置称为横焊位置,如图1-5b所示。在横焊位置上进行的焊接称为横焊。(3)立焊位置 焊缝倾角90(立向上),270(立向下)的焊接位置称为立焊位置如图1-5c所示。在立焊位置上进行的焊接称为立焊。(4)仰焊位置 对接焊缝倾角0,180;转角270的
22、焊接位置称为仰焊位置。如图1-5d所示。在仰焊位置上进行的焊接称为仰焊。三、焊接参数的选择 焊条电弧焊焊接参数包括:焊条种类、牌号和直径,焊接电流的种类、极性和大小,电弧电压,焊道层次等。选择合适的焊接参数,对提高焊接质量和生产效率是十分重要的,下面分别讲述选择这些焊接参数的原则及它们对焊缝成形的影响。 1.焊条种类和牌号的选择 在相关的课程中已经讲述了焊条选择的原则。实际工作中主要根据母材的性能,接头的刚性和工作条件来选择焊条,焊接一般碳钢和低合金结构钢主要是按等强度原则选择焊条的强度级别,一般选用酸性焊条,重要结构选用碱性焊条。 2.焊接电源种类和极性的选择 通常根据焊条的类型选择焊接电源
23、的种类,除低氢型焊条必须采用直流反接外,所有酸性焊条通常采用交流或直流电源均可以进行焊接。当选用直流电源时,焊接厚板用直流正接,焊薄板用直流反接。3.焊条直径的选择为提高生产效率,尽可能地选用直径较大的焊条。但用直径过大的焊条焊接,容易造成未焊透或焊缝成形不良等缺陷。 4.焊接电流的选择焊接电流是焊条电弧焊最重要的工艺参数,也可以说是唯一的独立参数,因为焊工在操作过程中需要调节的只有焊接电流,而焊接速度和电弧电压都是由焊工控制的。焊接电流越大,熔深越大(焊缝宽度和余高变化都不大),焊条熔化快,焊接效率也高选择焊接电流时,要考虑的因素很多,如焊条直径,药皮类型、工件厚度,接头类型,焊接位置,焊道
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