关于储罐施工现场自动焊焊接发纵横缝的工艺及焊接角变形.doc
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1、the principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water, electricity, administrative charg
2、es and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct Government credit
3、 + business credit credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service ind
4、ustries. To create policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land as the goal, to optimize the area under development environment. All administrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problem
5、s associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examin
6、ation and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the .Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central eight rules and opposing the four winds and practicing three Suns, and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology,
7、solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first, adherence to the partys political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the partys politic
8、al disciplines. Conscientiously abide by the partys political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the partys political dis
9、cipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units, primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction,
10、 strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further关于储罐施工现场自
11、动焊焊接纵横缝和罐底的工艺及焊接角变形1 焊接纵环缝角变形说明1. 在储罐施工现场引起纵环缝角变形的原因主要有两点。A .安装组对变形,就是板材安装焊缝组对时,为了试焊前满足焊缝内的间隙,达到工艺要求,强制组对,而产生的角变形。B .焊接变形,纵环缝焊接时会对焊缝内侧和焊缝两侧进行局部加热,就会因为热涨冷缩的原理,产生应力,而产生角变形。2. 储罐现场罐体环缝焊接所产生的角变形。由于焊接应力和焊接热收缩影响,在焊接壁板外侧时相反的一侧会出现角变形。由于焊接焊缝外侧时,壁板已向外倾斜,即焊接焊缝内测时,为了解决角变形和罐体的整体垂直度,达到工艺要求,就要更好的控制焊缝内侧的焊接量。3. 如果焊道
12、向内倾斜的数值小于或大于向外测倾斜的数值,产生的误差值超出允许的数值时,壁板垂直度就达不到标准的工艺要求,影响大型储罐的正常使用,控制角变形的主要措施就是焊接工艺参数和内侧焊道清根量大小的确定和控制二焊接罐底和罐底三缝角变形说明1. 在储罐施工现场引起罐底焊缝角变形的原因主要有叁点。a. 安装组对变形,就是板材安装焊缝组对时,为了试焊前满足焊缝内的间隙,达到工艺要求,强制组对,而产生的角变形。b. 没按施工工艺要求,隔道或者顺序试焊,又没采取有效的措施,产生的角变形。c. 焊接变形,平缝焊接时会对焊缝内侧和焊缝两侧进行局部加热,就会因为热涨冷缩的原理,产生应力,而产生角变形.2. 在储罐施工现
13、场引起罐底三缝角变形的原因主要有两点。A , 焊接变形,角缝焊接时未按工艺要求,分段焊接或者焊接厚度未达到工艺要求。B , 防焊接变形要提前做支撑,防止角变形过量三埋弧环缝工艺参数清根控制减少角变形1 ,环焊缝焊接工艺控制角变形以及工艺要求: 通过控制焊接工艺参数,在保证焊接质量的前提下,尽量在焊接线能量以内输入,从而减小角变形。环缝焊接控制前后使用的工艺参数为(以第一圈环焊缝为例:变厚为32mm/25mm):电流电压外侧参数(电流A:350-500电压U:26-30焊接数度40-65),内侧电流电压参数(电流A380-500电压U:26-30焊接数度42-70)。2 ,环焊缝内部清根量控制角
14、变形 焊道内侧清根量大小的确定,和控制通过焊道内侧清根深度和宽度来满足焊接技术要求。由于自动焊在外侧焊接时,因为焊接工艺参数及装备质量的误差影响,焊接第一圈环焊缝的角变形量也大不相同,所以在内侧清根前,由质检员负责使用1米长的直线样板检查变形量的大小,来确定内侧的清根量的大小,参考值为较薄板厚度60%左右,变形量大的地方清根量要比变形量小的地方深,这样对角变形较为有利。以第一圈环焊缝为例板厚在32MM-25MM之间环焊缝角变形量大约在10-26mm之间,清根控制在8-15之间。通过调整清根量,将向外产生的超差变形矫正过来,以确保壁板的垂直度,内侧使用砂轮机清根时把钝边全部清除。四, 纵焊缝焊接
15、角变形说明以及控制壁板纵焊缝焊接变形有;壁板焊接时内倾角变形,壁板向内倾直接影响管壁板的垂直度。另外,由于每圈壁板的焊接角变形不同,在下圈壁板焊接完成后,进行组对上圈板时,必须要进行强力组对或使用背杠,才能使上下两圈壁板达到设计图纸要求的内表面平齐标准,这样,就对壁板的垂直度产生了很大影响,使壁板垂直度超差,必须采取以下控制措施:1 ,采用壁板安装组对反变形措施由于纵缝下口拘束度大,上口拘束下,使得上口收缩大而下口收缩小,纵缝焊接后壁板普遍向内倾,向内倾斜程度因板厚度以及板宽度而有所不同,因此在壁板纵缝组对时采用预倾斜法控制其垂直度,以板厚25MM。板规格为120002400壁板材质:SPV4
16、90Q的第二圈为例来说明问题,经过对以往储罐焊接数据的分析,纵缝焊接后垂直度偏差14MM左右,而焊接前9MM以内为合格(标准要求每圈的垂直度允许偏差为该圈壁板高度的3%),纵缝焊焊接后垂直度超差为5mm左右。为解决纵缝焊接后壁板向内倾斜的问题,在壁板纵缝组队时壁板采用比标准值往外倾斜5MM左右来控制其垂直度。2 ,采用控制焊接工艺参数和工件辅助来控制角变形对于板厚25mm以上采用双面成型的油罐壁板,如果不采用适当措施,非常容易产生棱角变形,因为在焊接纵缝外侧时,内侧用龙门板(用来固定背侧铜背杠,这是立焊机工艺所决定)对向内的角变形产生拘束,从而阻止了外侧时产生向内侧的角变形,而在焊接内侧时需将
17、龙门板去掉,而又未采取其他有效控制措施时,导致产生的角变形超差,焊接角变形值(以第三圈板为例:板厚20MM、板规格为:120002400、壁板材质:spv490q)在12-17mm之间(允许偏差10MM)。3 ,通过改变焊接破口的尺寸来控制纵缝角变形 为控制壁板组装、焊接变形,25mm、32mm后壁板破口采用双Y型:在厚度反方向上,纵缝破口内外侧比例为4:6图纸要求(5:5)纵缝焊接完成后,内侧用砂轮机进行清根,在保证将钝边,焊接缺陷清理掉后,必须保证请跟后,纵缝内外破口比例为6:4.这样能能保证焊接时产生向内的角变形大一些,来矫正向外产生的角变形。五, 储罐施工现场手用工具及机卡具1. 大龙
18、门板2. 小龙门板3. 铁销子4. 圆销子5. 撬杠6. 手锤7. 边缘板蝴蝶卡子8. 底圈壁板定位块9. 地圈壁板斜支撑10. 立缝卡具11. 丝杠12. 立缝组对加固弧形板13. 豆腐块14. 吊装吊耳15. 7字板16. 涨圈固定恰17. 液压升降吊耳18. 挡板19. 轨道20. 长槽钢储罐现场施工及焊接一 罐底板的焊接1. 焊接前的处理及采用的焊接方法1 在施工现场安装有两台小型空气压缩机,当罐底板铺设、组对、定位焊到一定程度后,采用压缩空气对坡口内的杂物进行吹扫,待杂物清理干净后采用电动钢刷对坡口两侧的铁锈和油污进行清理后进行焊接 。2 打底焊:罐底板焊接采用CO2气体保护焊进行打
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