中考英语动词专项训练.doc
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1、动词(一)动词的时态一、 基本概念 在初中英语中,共有八个时态需要掌握。它们是:1. the Simple Present (一般现在时)2. the Simple Past(一般过去时)3. the Simple Future(一般将来时)4. the Present Continuous Tense(现在进行时)5. the Past Continuous Tense(过去进行时)6. the Present Perfect Tense(现在完成时)7. the Past Perfect Tense(过去完成时)8. the Past Future Tense(过去将来时)二、 实例与用法
2、介绍1the Simple Present (一般现在时)一般现在时表示目前的状态以及经常习惯发生的动作。例如:1) The earth turns round the sun.(宇宙不变的真理)2) I get up at six every morning.(经常习惯发生的动作)3) We are Junior Three students.(表示目前的状态)2 . the Simple Past(一般过去时)一般过去时可以表示过去发生的动作或情况,在句子中往往有明确的表示过去的时间状语。例如:1) None of the football games had been more exci
3、ting than the one he watched yesterday.(句子中有yesterday这个明确表示过去的时间状语)2) last night I gave a lecture in the meeting hall.(last night表示过去的时间,所以我们也用一般过去时)一般过去时有时还可以表示过去习惯的动作。例如:1) When he was in the country, he liked to take a walk after supper.(句中liked表示他过去在农村市常常发生的动作)2) I used to go to work by bus.(use
4、d to 表示“过去常常”)3the Simple Future(一般将来时)一般将来时即表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常发生的动作。例如:1) We are going to enter senior high school in the near future.(in the near future是一个表示将来的时间状语,所以用一般将来时,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作)2) There will be more and more foreigners in China.(本句表示将来经常发生的动作,意为:在中国会有越来越多的外国人)4the Present Con
5、tinuous Tense(现在进行时)现在进行时表示目前正在进行的动作,句子中往往有now,at present,these days等做时间状语。例如:1) We are learning eight tenses now.(我们用一般现在进行时,表示目前正在进行的动作)2) Listen! They are singing in the classroom.(句子中listen表示“听”,说明句中的动作正在进行之中,因此我们用现在进行市)5the Past Continuous Tense(过去进行时)过去进行时表示过去一个时间点或时间段中正在发生的动作。例如:1) We were ha
6、ving supper at six yesterday evening.(过去某一个时间点at six yesterday evening正在发生的动作)2) They were playing video games from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. yesterday afternoon.(过去某一个时间段from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. yesterday afternoon正在发生的动作)3) We were having an English lesson when Tom came in.(当过去某一个动作were having正在进行时,另一个动作came发
7、生了)6the Present Perfect Tense(现在完成时)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果,或表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。例如:1)We have learned about eight tenses so far.(so far表示“至今为止”,常用于现在完成时)2)We have studied English for six years.(这里的for+时间段表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作,用现在完成时)3)I have never met him since last month.(这里的since+时间点表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与
8、结果,所以用现在完成时)7the Past Perfect Tense(过去完成时)过去完成时表示在过去某一个时间或动作前已经发生或者完成的动作,而且它常常用在宾语从句中。例如:1) By the end of last month, they had learned 2000 English words.(by the end of last month表示“到上一个周末为止,所以用过去完成时)2) After the boy had finished the homework, he watched TV.(finish这个动作发生在过去某一动作watched 之前,所以用过去完成时)8t
9、he Past Future Tense(过去将来时)过去将来时表示对于过去某一个时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态,它常用在宾语从句中。例如:1)He said we would win the game the next week.(这句句子里用过去将来时是因为said和the next week的关系)练习:.Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms:1. I _(finish) my homework while you _(sleep) this afternoon.2. She said she _(no do)
10、 it again.3. I _ (meet) him last week but I _(not see) him since then.4. John always _(say) that he still _(not know) how to use the Present Perfect Tense.5. If Peter _(come) tomorrow, I _(tell) him about it.6. Her elder brother_(join) the army two years ago.7. They _(learn) several French songs by
11、the end of last term.8. Look! We_(catch) such a big fish.9. The teacher said the earth_(turn) around the sun.10. When you _(have) a meeting, I _ (buy) some cakes in the next shop.11. She _never_(be) to the Great Wall before.12. We _(talk) about the development of the Internet on the lecture next Mon
12、day.13. They _(learn) the history of China these days.14. They_(make) model ships from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday.15. You _(fail) in the exam if you _(not work) hard.Choose the best answers:( ) 1. If it_ tomorrow, we_ on a trip to Hangzhou. A. rainswont goB. rains.go C. will raingoD. will rainwont go( )
13、 2. We _the important meeting on a cold morning last week. A. was hadB. was heldC. heldD. have( ) 3.It_ dark. Lets go home now. A. gettingB. is gettingC. getD. is sounding( ) 4. Jenny_ over the text at 8:00 yesterday evening. A. readB. readsC. was readingD. is reading( ) 5. He told me that he _to se
14、e me next week. A. is comingB. will comeC. cameD. would come( ) 6. Please pass me another cup. Tom _this one. A. brokeB. is breakingC. had brokenD. has broken( ) 7. Do you know when Mrs Green _? When she _, please tell her _ about this letter. A. is coming.will cometypeB. comes.is comingto type C. w
15、ill esto typeD. comes.will come.type( ) 8. The old man _for three days when his son got back. A. has been deadB. had been dead C. diedD. had died( ) 9. While Uncle Li _ the clock for us, we were playing cards. A. repaired B. repairsC. was repairingD. is repairing( ) 10. Great changes_ in China in th
16、e past ten years. A. have taken placeB. will take place C. have been taken placeD. took place( ) 11. There_ a football match this afternoon. A. hasB. will haveC. isD. is going to be( ) 12. When I saw her smiling face, I knew she _ the good news. A. hadB. has hadC. had hadD. was having( ) 13. Jane _
17、a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai. A. buysB. is buyingC. will buyD. bought( ) 14. How do you like Beijin, Mr Black?-Oh, I _ such a beautiful city. A. dont visitB. didnt visitC. havent visitedD. hadnt visited( ) 15. The MP3 _ 500 yuan. A. was costB. costingC. costD. is costKey:.1.finis
18、hed,were sleeping 2. wouldnt do3. met, havent seen4. says, doesnt know5. comes, will tell 6. joined7. had learned 8. have caught 9.turns 10. were having,bought 11.has been 12. will talk13. are learning14. were making 15. will fail, dont work.1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 1
19、2. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 动词(二)动词的语态动词的语态有两种,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。一、被动语态的用法1当我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁时,常用被动语态。例如:I was told you were late this morning.Many science books are written in English.Newspapers are delivered at 8:00 every morning.Recorders are often used in our English class
20、.2. 当动作的承受者是我们说话的中心时,或描绘一个过程或一个实验时,我们常用被动语态。例如:The design of the hotel was made by a young man.The milk will be put into the coffee in a few minutes.二、被动语态的结构被动语态形式 be +过去分词一般现在时 am/is/are +过去分词一般过去时 was/were +过去分词一般将来时 will be +过去分词现在完成时 has/have+been +过去分词现在进行时 am/is/are+being +过去分词过去进行时 was/were+
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