Book 6-Unit 1 Grammar 虚拟语气 (1).ppt
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1、Book 6 Unit 1 Grammar: Subjunctive Mood (虚拟语气1),英语动词有三种语气, 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。 一、陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood): 用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、 否定、疑问或感叹等形式。 The sun is larger than the earth. Does Tom usually get up very early? What a clever boy!,二、祈使语气(The Imperative Mood) 用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。 Wait outside until you
2、 are asked . Lets just take a break, shall we ?,三、虚拟语气(The Subjective Mood),虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义,即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实,或不可能实现 。,Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood. (1) If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town. (2) If he had time now, he would come to
3、see me. (3) If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic. (4) If I had a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. (5) If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. (6) If they should come tomorrow, they could meet the general manager.,条件句可分为两类, 一类为真实条件句
4、, 一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况, 故采用虚拟语气。,1) 真实条件句: 真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情况可能发生, 其中if是如果的意思。 2) 非真实条件句:非真实条件句用虚拟语气, 假设的情况不可能发生, 或者可能性很小, 其中if 是“要是、如果”的意思。,虚拟语气的特殊句式 Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood. I wish I were ten years younger now. (2) I wish you would go with u
5、s tomorrow. (3) I wish I had met him yesterday. (4) I wish he could come tomorrow. (5) She sincerely wished that she might do something to comfort him.,归纳:wish 后的宾语从句,表示与现在情况相反,从句用 ,如例句 ,表示与过去情况相反,从句用 , 如例句 ; 表示与将来情况相反,从句谓语常用“ ”,如例句 。,一般过去时,1,过去完成时,3,would / could/ might + 动词原形,2,4,5,注意: wish 后的宾语从句
6、中常用 代替was, 如上面的例句 ; 但是动词hope 后面不用虚拟语气,而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将来有关的希望,例如: 1)I hope you werent late. 2) I hope you are ready. 3) We hope youll be very happy.,were,1,练一练: He wishes he (paint) as well as a professional artist. (2) I wish I (be) with you yesterday. (3) We wish the rain (stop) tomorrow. (4) I ho
7、pe you (make) great progress this term.,could paint / painted,had been,would stop,will make,Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood. (1) The teacher suggested that our sports meeting (should) be put off till next week. (2) The headmaster ordered that all of the students (s
8、hould) be here on time. (3) He insisted that we (should) attend the meeting. (4) We demanded that he (should) pay the bill by the end of the month. (5) She insisted that she was right. (6) The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy. (7) My suggestion is that you (should) visit the farm,归纳: 1
9、、在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语用_ ,should可省略。如例_,“should +动词原形”,1、2、3、4,一坚持:insist 二命令:order,command 三建议:suggest,propose,advise 四要求:request,require,demand,ask,2、当insist表示_ , suggest表示_时,后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。如例_ 3、句中有suggestion, plan, idea, order, requirement, motion, recommendation, proposal等名词,其后的表语从句或同位语从句中
10、的谓语动词用_。如例_,“坚持认为,坚持说”,,“表明,暗示”,5、6,(should) + 动词原形,7,练一练:,1. I insisted that a doctor _ (send) for immediately. 2. The teacher demanded that the classroom _ (clean) at once. 3. His suggestion that we _ (go)to Shanghai is wonderful.,(should) go,(should) be cleaned,(should)be sent,Look at the sentenc
11、es and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood. (1) Without air, there wouldnt be living things in the world. (2) With favorable winds, we might have arrived there in two days. (3) But for your help, I wouldnt have made such great progress. (4)He was very busy yesterday. Otherwise he would have com
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