医学专业英语词汇ppt课件.ppt
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1、Basic Elements of Medical Words-1,origin of medical English words,1. from common English 2. from Latin 3. from Greek 4. coinage,1. words coming from common English: whooping cough百日咳 A highly contagious disease of the respiratory system, usually affecting children, that is caused by the bacterium Bo
2、rdetella pertussis and is characterized in its advanced stage by spasms of coughing interspersed with deep, noisy inspirations. Also called pertussis 百日咳,pinkeye /epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (角膜结膜炎) knock-knee/genu valgum (膝内翻) athletes foot /tinea pedis足廯 piles/hemorrhoids (痔疮) lockjaw/tetanus (破
3、伤风) fits/convulsion (惊厥),Fever发热; short-sight近视 ; consumption 肺痨(消耗) nettle rash; 风疹 stroke; 中风 baldness; indigestion; 消化不良 blister; 水疱,砂眼 Swelling肿; measles麻疹 Rabies狂犬病; windpipe气管,Words coming from Latin,capita (头) cervix (颈) bronchus (支气管) Abdomen腹部,腹腔 brachium (臂) aorta (主动脉) os (骨),remember the
4、m:,cutis (真皮) fascia (筋膜) corpus genu (膝) vertebra(椎骨) labium (唇) sinus(窦),Words coming from Greek,thorax (胸) iris (虹膜) metra (子宫) colon (结肠) stenosis (狭窄) stasis (停滞) ptosis (下垂) ectopia (异位),other common medical words from Greek,stoma (口,小空) soma(身体,躯干) glottis (声门) derma (真皮),larynx (喉) nephron(肾
5、单位) rachis (脊柱) pharynx (咽) phalanx (指骨),coinage,Tularemia ( Tulare; a place in California) (土拉菌病,兔热病;野兔病) Cushing Disease (first discovered by Harvey Cushing) Ven De berghs test ( to test icterus and liver disease),some common coinages,Alzheimers disease /presenile dementia (早老性痴呆) Gravess disease/
6、exophthalmic goiter (突眼性甲状腺肿) Parkinsons disease/paralysis agitans (震颤麻痹) Addisons disease/chronic hypoadrenocorticism (慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退) Potts disease /spinal caries (脊柱骨疽),basic elements of medical words,1. root (base) 2. affixes: prefixes suffixes 3. Vowels元音 thats join the parts above mentioned,Some
7、examples of roots (bases),Some examples of roots (bases),The combing vowel Find the combing vowels in the following words: geograph y地理 Metropolis大都市 Orthodox正统的 Monotonous单调的 Anthology诗集,optometrist (验光师) Urology泌尿学 Hydrotherapy水疗法 Auriscope耳镜 Centigrade摄氏 Milimeter毫米 Pelvimeter骨盆测量器,prefix and suf
8、fix Some common prefixes from Greek a an (without) anemia (贫血) anaerobe (厌氧细菌) pro (before) proenzyme (前酶; 酶原) prognosis (预后) meta (after) metapneumonic (肺炎后的) metastasis (转移) endo (inside) endocrine (内分泌) endoderm (内皮) ecto (outside) ectopia (异位) ectocardia (异位心),en, em (in, into) endemic(地方性的) exo
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