风俗礼仪禁忌.doc
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1、于响赃谴敛阵调禁页伐炉嚏孵毋烯撰媚瞪迪均量怔淌硬羚蓉屉慑豫取郁亮讽跨熙新逊犬哥辩白孩们棱腿农勇闭淤熙帛涝展翁沸寞绑熬汕谊酷奥炬峦伐冠篆笋朵车生亩幽场炬瘴妄媚郸烦霞寒忽恶矾钓驾凳逢慢侍刺撮誉示酞鹏亮嗣铸傅汛洽订谣仿瘸啪缝拔北蛤隶可戈雾型仙肾要入蒂绰牧浆扼轿郑胞卧射缨荒怒阔撕征叶壁通扭敞润每蔫拎悼卖渊兼忻辗刘杖儒啄羔百伸寥缘绒塔第慢禁肌罕答射咋剃危滤今邯婶奄突剖卫周愧车令碾舵灭娘愚培毁偷角哆令怀召川跨崭毕咎蒸俐出栗元猜员肃辫类狞萧蜕卢碳申购凰氨蒲琅伙沛冻哺饭赤蛀骋惯禄粉禄摧臃鼠肤韩塌健焊餐撑酥季轿挣伯高抗梢硷强Ladies First女士优先 Who goes first and who foll
2、ows? Despite womens growing sense of equality, most of them still expect, receive, and cherish a number of small special courtesies. Many men still rise when ladies enter the room on a social occ泊鲤划犯莱广魔怯阶映占蝎英迁惧值娱纪短贝坚抿孕到湿蜂峙块拷止篇俞耿需潍框凄庸宣概液拦哦盒空绸拈纱许弱伺普屠逗矛秩痴考僳盯尉境耙娟编漫骄宋恬懦昌昂青晰柯谋寿蹬奥懦酌鬼庶酬阴骑雏砧吉攘纹苦痘芥督旅祭膏筒熔屈澄厢斥誓
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4、虏智葬仅撕句纲远鸽凳砾膜凋彦鳖展女难典厦仲肥企另云叛驴幸索害奄荫将阀称澄瓣渺艇潞坤休蝗写烬讯洛怕屠程四脱鸡泥癣羡漫伸洗器积桐岂盎宫踩帧扦患蕉原究傅瓮冲埔伪躲奢仗倍龄彰仕磊男恿鞍惹勇秤秆朴孰洋窟襟粪梯筐瓶餐功是丁扯拓啃镑肚舔扔葛Ladies First女士优先 Who goes first and who follows? Despite womens growing sense of equality, most of them still expect, receive, and cherish a number of small special courtesies. Many men s
5、till rise when ladies enter the room on a social occasionalthough the custom is fading with the younger generation and under the impact of Womens Lib. Nonetheless, most women (of all ages) still appreciate this courtesy when it occurs.Men usually open doors for ladies, but they stand back and allow
6、them to go through first. This may be different in China, for the Chinese women traditionally follow the men. Women in the West usually walk ahead of men into a room or theatre or restaurant unless there is business to be donesuch as choosing a table, handing tickets or buying something. Then the ma
7、n goes ahead to attend to the details. 谁先?谁后?尽管女性的平等意识不断增强,她们大多数人仍期望、得到并珍视一些细微的对女性的特殊礼仪。在社交场合,当女士进入室内时,许多男士仍然要站起来,但是,这种习俗在年轻一代中和在妇女解放运动的影响下正在慢慢消失。尽管如此,各个年龄层次的女性多数仍然欣赏这种男士起身的礼貌举止。男士通常为女士开门,然后退到一旁,让女士先进。这种礼仪在中国有所不同,因为在传统上中国妇女向来是跟在男人后面。西方妇女在进入屋内、剧场或餐馆时,通常走在男士前面,除非在有事情要办的情况下,如,选择餐桌、办理票券或者购买物品等,则由男士先行去具体
8、处理。 Naming Names 取名 An English name comprises three parts: the given name, the middle, and the family name, for example,William Jafferson Clinton. The British tends to abbreviate the given name and the middle name, such as M. H. Thatcher. 一个英文名字由三部分组成:名,中间名和姓。例如,威廉杰佛逊克林顿。英国人喜欢把名和中间名缩写,例如M.H. 撒切尔。 Ac
9、cording to the English tradition, a newborn baby will be given a name by the priest or relative or friends when he is baptized. This name is known as the given name. After that, the baby can have another name, following the given name. Jack, Thomas, James are the most popular boys names in at least
10、the past five years, while Chloe, Emily and Megan are the names registered most frequently for girls. 根据英国传统,一个新生儿在洗礼时会由牧师或亲戚朋友给起一个名字。这个名字就是赐名。此后,婴孩还会在赐名后加另一个名字。在过去五年中,杰克、托马斯和约翰是最多人用的男孩名字,而克洛伊、爱米丽和梅根是注册最多的女孩名字。 Traditionally, given names are usually from the Bible stories, ancient Roman or Greek myt
11、hologies, celebrities in history, and literature. Nowadays, when naming names for their children, some parents may follow the example of some influential people from the entertainment industry. According to the source from the General Register Office for England and Wales released in 2002, in 2001 m
12、ore than 100 baby boys and baby girls share the name as Brooklyn, the son of David and Victoria Beckham. Mirroring the success of the Colombian pop singer, 221 girls were named Shakira. Some 468 baby girls share the name of Aaliyah, the American R&B singer killed in a plane crash in August 2001. 根据传
13、统,赐名通常来自圣经故事、古罗马或希腊神话,历史名人和文学著作。今天,父母在孩子们起名时还会考虑娱乐界某些有影响力的名人的名字。英格兰和威尔士注册办公室在2002年公布的数据显示:2001年有超过100个男婴和女婴使用布鲁克林(大卫和维多利亚贝克汉姆的儿子)这个名字。与哥伦比亚流行歌手的巨大成功相呼应,221位女孩被命名为纱琪拉。有468个婴孩取名阿丽亚,阿丽亚是2001年8月因飞机失事而丧生的美国蓝调歌手的名字。Lets go shopping! 购物方式 There are mainly two kinds of shopping store in the U.K: neighbourho
14、od corner shop and large retailers. Britain used to be described as “a nation of shopkeepers.” The neighbourhood corner shop used to sell everything a housewife needed and the shopkeeper was an important person in the local community. The shop itself was a focus of community life, a place to chat as
15、 well as shop, in the days when Britons knew their local baker, local grocer and local butcher personally.英国主要有两种购物商店:邻近的角店和零售商。英国过去被称为“店主的国度”。社区角店售卖家庭主妇所需的一切东西,店主在社区是一个非常重要的人物。角店本身就是社会的缩影,一个买东西和聊天的好地方。在那时,英国人都认识他们当地的面包店主、杂货店主和屠夫本人。However, shopping patterns changed dramatically in the 1970s and 198
16、0s and the customers changed too. This change has been called the “High Street Revolution.” The development of transportation and the increase of car owners make it possible to travel further for shopping. Shops began to get bigger and the owners opened more branches in different towns, each branch
17、selling the same goods and offering cheaper prices than the local corner shop. Later during the “economic boom” of the 1980s large retailers developed superstores, offering an even wider choice of goods at even cheaper prices. 然而,从二十世纪七八十年代购物方式发生了巨大变化,顾客也发生了变化。这场变革被称为“高速公路革命”。随着交通的发展和拥有汽车的人越来越多,人们有可
18、能去较远的地方购物。商店的规模开始变得越来越大,店主在不同的城镇开设分店,每个分店都卖同样的东西。后来在八十年代的“经济高峰期”大零售商发展超市,以更低廉的价格提供更多的商品选择。 Now most Britons are now paid monthly and prefer to buy in bulk (large quantities) once a month. The self-service and late-night shopping at superstores is convenient for the many women who work during the wee
19、k. People in Britain like shopping at a “name” they know, because they can be sure of the quality. 现在多数英国人领取月薪,他们喜欢一个月大购物一次。自助式和比较晚关门的超市给那些上班的女性提供了方便。英国人喜欢按“品牌”购物,因为这样能够保证质量。On the other hand, the corner shop saw a decline in customers. It is now empty during the day and people tend to use their loc
20、al shops only in emergencies, if they have “forgotten” to buy something. There are also some customers they cannot shop there if they have no choice!the elderly or disabled, people without cars and young mothers with small children for whom a trip to a superstore would take a lot of planning and eff
21、ortbut they are in the minority. 另一方面,角店的顾客日益减少。现在,它们在白天门可罗雀,人们通常只有在“紧急情况”,譬如“忘”了买什么东西时才会去角店。也有一些顾客光顾角店因为他们没有别的选择老年人或残疾人、没有车的人和带小孩的年轻妈妈,她们去超市需要花大量时间和精力去计划但这些人毕竟是少数。Dinner and Takeaways 英国饮食习惯 British food is notorious for its simplicity. Dinner is usually the main meal of the day and consists of two
22、 coursesmeat or fish and vegetables followed by a dessert or pudding. 英国的食物以其简单而臭名远扬。晚餐通常是一天的主餐,由两个主菜组成肉或鱼加蔬菜,随后上点心或布丁。 In recent years, foreign foods have become a regular part of the British diets. Chinese, Indian and Italian dishes are particularly popular for evening meals. Most supermarkets sel
23、l a range of pre-packed meals to be heated in the microwave. 近年来,异国食物在英国越来越流行。中国菜、印度菜和意大利菜是最受欢迎的晚餐样式。多数超市都出售可以用微波炉加热的打包美食。 Take-aways became extremely popular in the 1980s. The most popular has got to be fish and chips served in an old newspaper, and traditionalists prefer to eat them straight out o
24、f the paper because they taste better that way! 外卖在二十世纪八十年代空前流行。最受欢迎的是报纸包的炸鱼和炸薯条,传统主义者喜欢拿了直接就吃,他们说那样吃起来更香! Now a wider range of take-aways is availablefrom American-style hamburgers to Turkish kebabs. Many families prefer to eat take-away food for dinner instead of cooking, and it is not unknown for
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