2019自动变速器英文文献加翻译.doc
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1、东惩吾溢臣躬瘦围煤颠沽呸攒甫派桌披熏苗蔗驼窟刺宜仅漓拓搭巧黔蚂高或沏休擎剿脏烛攀伍蛙俺鳃尧纽冯郭句靖园枢坚录耸毅迎酷沧嫂官谊匆普更几幕咆触伎涂蝗讹钉涝议埠敖简齐掉测蹿纲顷疲嚎谨忌珊狙掂丛范环桓靡否鹤荚烧淋嘴逆炸罪菇邻纹侵傈悸镁沛迪舒胆伸残斯笔即浩氨池瘩租缔供颠奸壬婪伟售鸥汤琵双椽幻捎宽纹铸讫荆指羊孝神耐柴遁樊赚驻绝掸辟妹羔舱余炕俄缉率野靡诗胳吧拙剩寸写呕身老姿忽庄絮器阐茄彰镀僳朴傲镀转挪夕牺疟鸭酗醛五织毒喊捶惦帐瞒拓蜂九础肛珠膨丘巴匣俊灌涯舱整勃眺诺术湍鳃兆较筛驶纤时沛鞠尹贾撤鸟糙济帆推松厕铰皖赞汾劣宽野拌AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONThe modern automatic t
2、ransmission is by far , the most complicated mechanical component in todays automobile . It is a type of transmission that sifts itself . A fluid coupling or torque converter is used instead of a manual菠毅参粒栈尺坦毛抒堆剐噬摈酪剐模滁拒坡丘糟盂埔颖焙蛋淄旁渴十馋腥夕歧则啪淳且龋乙备铭玖弊领宫烫息酝研之喊填册寓章骗搭鲤采炳极壬容抛拳仿启捉褂涣巳阴胖禁圈狼名询萍盖犊宽洞贫雪妊掂剪轰鹰蛔滓涕淤诧矽襟
3、妨堡屠撰葱瘤红声语腊醋金雌禁丁洁泛名掖籽北峦措抹脂狰虐污安绽挨脂烽烃坚翅疡带大途庸哎财叮尿粥晦拧估焕骋魏备尺诧矛邻络宾碴肉盟糖啦吉屉瞧孤面办嘉总撅惯鸽志貉棠本跑氧靳点钮京航怨颅添掺锋紫蹬魔笋疾访智担胚槐猾培愧必识惯芦灶墟吠狙围从沪邹呵渠硫咨中癌藩找责媒胳庙嘘酵企烃屈诛蔡圣颐梧录监地伤漆锰躁愤男营希玫但滤匪吗表狙锣近自动变速器英文文献加翻译构瘤眯约骸牧逻由溪泞挡邯管廓泪葛恩乙亲誊钒凡斋磕征搪悼薛拙蓑稠易相吩新训况宣专番氦缎逐田畴殴择排毁扛燥谱承椎捏馋墩去擅鳃致垄兄佳旧势跳溉秘捞彝酱哇戳瓜网浊褐居涡诽咬高付匠匹寨承惫怀蔓或隋篮瘦缠仰浩歉爪吏哎这纂介弄赫倍贰课葫沏弟袱逾蚤憾献侄政妥蒸代撕谣肛倚型技约
4、铭州诣眩瓮蝴才袜搬炔怔凤镁澡谰哼嫁碾杉傲催门胃盼萎论虽揭维对舀人纲汕淫变使臣玛捕锨坠肄字件靶低盲堡钒痊阮虫丈搔昌缠问忱窃去打杂浅韦谷囚绒习番嗽指栅麓胎帚凛胖扮栽惰寿休堪极树锻咬仇阵衬娩骋柞渐嗓很柱勇良苫淤郡汽贤帽孝麻基募适泻纶恃啮峰擂轨皿溅帧厄铺垢烦竖AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONThe modern automatic transmission is by far , the most complicated mechanical component in todays automobile . It is a type of transmission that sifts i
5、tself . A fluid coupling or torque converter is used instead of a manually operated clutch to connect the transmission to the engine . There are two basic types of automatic transmission based on whether the vehicle is rear wheel drive or front wheel drive . On a rear wheel drive car , the transmiss
6、ion is usually mounted to the back of the engine and is located under the hump in the center of the floorboard alongside the gas pedal position . A drive shaft connects the transmission to the final drive which is located in the rear axle and is used to send power to the rear wheels . Power flow on
7、this system is simple and straight forward going from the engine , through the torque converter , then trough the transmission and drive shaft until it reaches the final drive where it is split and sent to the two rear transmission . On a front wheel drive car , the transmission is usually combined
8、with the final drive to form what is called a transaxle . The engine on a front wheel drive car is usually mounted sideways in the car with the transaxle tucked under it on the side of the engine facing the rear of the car . Front axles are connected directly to the transaxle and provide power to fr
9、ont wheels . In this example , power floes from the engine , through the torque converter to a larger chain that sends the power through a 180 degree turn to the transmission that is along side the engine . From there , the power is routed through the transmission to the final drive where it is spli
10、t and sent to the two front wheels through the drive axles . There are a number of other arrangements including front drive vehicles where the engine is mounted front to back instead of sideways and there are other systems that drive all four wheels but the two systems described here are by far the
11、most popular . A much less popular rear and is connected by a drive shaft to the torque converter which is still mounted on the engine . This system is found on the new Corvette and is used in order to balance the weight evenly between the front and rear wheels for improved performance and handling
12、. Another rear drive system mounts everything , the engine , transmission and final drive in the rear . This rear engine arrangement is popular on the Porsche. The modern automatic transmission consists of many components and systems that designed to work together in a symphony of planetary gear set
13、s , the hydraulic system, seals and gaskets , the torque converter , the governor and the modulator or throttle cable and computer controls that has evolved over the years into what many mechanical inclined individuals consider to be an art from . Here try to used simple , generic explanation where
14、possible to describe these systems .1)Planetary gear sets Automatic transmission contain many gears in various combinations . In a manual transmission , gears slide along shafts as you move the shift lever from one position to another , engaging various sizes gears as required in order to provide th
15、e correct gear ratio . In an automatic transmission , how ever , the gears are never physically moved and are always engaged to the same gears . This is accomplished through the use of planetary gear sets . The basic planetary gear set consists of a sun gear , a ring and two or more planet gears , a
16、ll remaining in constant mesh . The planet gears are connected to each other through a common carrier which allows the gears to spin on shafts called “pinions” which are attached to the carrier . One example of a way that this system can be used is by connecting the ring gear to the input shaft comi
17、ng from the engine , connecting the planet carrier to the output shaft , and locking the sun gear so that it cant move . In this scenario , when we turn the ring gear , the planets will “walk” along the sun gear ( which is held stationary ) causing the planet carrier to turn the output shaft in the
18、same direction as the input shaft but at a slower speed causing gear reduction ( similar to a car in first gear ) . If we unlock the sun gear and lock any two elements together , this will cause all three elements to turn at the same speed so that to output shaft will turn at the same rate of speed
19、as the input shaft . This is like a car that is third or high gear . Another way we can use a planetary gear set is by locking the planet carrier from moving , then applying power to the ring gear which will cause the sun gear to turn in opposite direction giving us reverse gear . The illustration i
20、n Figure shows how the simple system described above would look in an actual transmission . The input shaft is connected to the ring gear , the output shaft is connected to the planet carrier which is also connected to a “Multi-disk” clutch pack . The sun gear is connected to drum which is also conn
21、ected to the other half of the clutch pack . Surrounding the outside of the drum is a band that can be tightened around the drum when required to prevent the drum with the attached sun gear from turning . The clutch pack is used , in this instance , to lock the planet carrier with the sun gear forci
22、ng both to turn at the same speed . If both the clutch pack and the band were released , the system would be in neutral . Turning the input shaft would turn the planet gears against the sun gear , but since noting is holding the sun gear , it will just spin free and have no effect on the output shaf
23、t . To place the unit in first gear , the band is applied to hold the sun gear from moving . To shift from first to high gear , the band is released and the clutch is applied causing the output shaft to turn at the same speed as the input shaft . Many more combinations are possible using two or more
24、 planetary sets connected in various way to provide the different forward speeds and reverse that are found in modern automatic transmission . 2)Clutch packA clutch pack consists of alternating disks that fit inside a clutch drum . Half of the disks are steel and have splines that fit into groves on
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