2019年英语专业毕业论文定稿hj.doc
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1、0. IntroductionDaniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe is regarded as a most famous romantic works. In this novel, Defoe described one mans journey and through his hard working, Robinson finally created the miracle. This is a story of an ordinary man, who is coming from an industrious and well-do family in mi
2、ddle classes. The whole novel is about his isolation from the whole society and his life lonely living in an island. In this novel, through Robinsons first personal narrative, we experience his whole life following him. Finally, after his hardworking and struggling, Robinson achieved his success. Ma
3、ny people long for success. But to succeed is not easy at all. There are many books teaching people how to succeed. But most of them are boring and sermonizing. Compared with such books, Robinson Crusoe is much more pleasing. Daniel Defoe, one of the earliest realists, brought to us a representative
4、 of successful man by vividly narrating Robinsons adventure. Robinson Crusoe is a real hero worth of worship, as he didnt succeed by luck and accident but hard work. He almost has everything needed for becoming a successful man, such as great creativity, very excellent working capacity, inexhaustibl
5、e energy, courage, patience, and persistence in overcoming obstacles. Lets see how these strong points are attached to Robinson Crusoe. In this paper, we will make analysis on humanistic thought in this novel from definition of humanism and impact of humanism and the detailed performance of humanist
6、ic thought reflected in this novel: being pursuit of freedom-adventurism, purist of individual liberation-individualism, and importance of human knowledge-education. 1. Daniel Defoe and Robinson Crusoe1.1 Introduction to the Author - Daniel DefoeDaniel Defoe is one of the most famous English novelis
7、t, pamphleteer and journalist and his most famous novel is Robinson Crusoe. He is considered as one of the founder of English novel. He is the son of James Foe, who is a butcher of stroke Newington. Although for some reasons he cannot continue his studying in school but he traveled extensively in Eu
8、rope. In 1702, Defoe wrote his famous pamphlet The Shortest Way with Dissenters, then, he began to write stories about real character in the real world using his simple prose, which is so popular with the readers. Daniel Defoe is often given the credit for the discovery of the modern novel; but whet
9、her or not be deserves that honor is an open question. Even a casual reading of Robinson Crusoe (1719), which generally heads the list of modern fiction, shows that this exciting tale is largely an adventure story, rather than the study of human character which Defoe probably intended it to be. Unde
10、rstanding authors life, readers can know his characteristics and mind, and better understand the original. Like Robinson he wrote, Defoe was the representative of the rising Bourgeoisie in England. Defoe also pursued of the freedom and had the individual character. 1.2 Contents of Robinson Crusoe Th
11、e novel tells a story about Robinson Crusoe. Robinson Crusoe was born in the Year 1632, the City of York, of a middle class family. He was satisfied with nothing but going to sea. So he did not listen to his fathers advice, and left home finally to be the seaman. He was attacked by pirates in the Af
12、rican coast, and forced to be a slave. The living was unendurable there, so he seized the chance to ride a boat to escape. A Portuguese freighter rescued him, and delivered him to Brazil safely. He managed the crop production in Brazil and got rich. When some people suggested him go to the Africa to
13、 traffic the black slaves, he submitted once again in his yearning, and went to the Africa by ship. The ship met the storm and struck a reef on the way. On the ship, the sailors and the passengers on the board were killed except Robinson. Robinson was drifted to an island where nobody lived. He tran
14、sported the food, clothes, the guns and ammunition, the tool and so on to the store time and time again, and put up the tent nearby the hill to settle down. Then he used the wooden stake which sharpened around the tent to enclose the stockade, and dug a hole at the back of the tent for living. He us
15、ed simple tools to make table, and chair. He hunted for the food, drank the water in the brook, and passed the difficulty time at first. He started to plant the barley and the rice on the island. Next he made the self-made wooden mortar, the wooden pestle, the screen, the processing bread flour, and
16、 dried the rough bread. He caught and tamed the wild goat, and let them reproduce. He also made earthenware and others to meet his own needs. Although like this, Robinson had not given up any hope to leave the island. He cut down a big tree and spent 56 months to make a dugout canoe, but the ship wa
17、s too heavy to go to the sea. His previous effort was in vain. Over a period of time, a group of savages came to the island. The savages killed captures and ate them. Robinson discovered them, and rescued one capture. He was named “Friday” by Robinson. Hereafter, “Friday” became Robinsons faithful s
18、ervant and friend. Then, Robinson rescued a Spaniard and the father of “Friday” with the help of “Friday”. Soon a British ship anchored nearby the island. Three sailors on the ship planned to abandon captain on the island. Robinson helped captain with “Friday” uniformed that group of sailors, and re
19、captured the ship. Robinson, “Friday”, captain and their friends left the desert island by keeping those bad sailors on the island. At that time Robinson had left home for 35 years. He married in Britain, and had three children. After his wife had died, Robinson went to sea once again to do the busi
20、ness. He went to the Desert Island where he has lived. By now, kept on the island, the sailors and the Spaniard settled down and had the happiness life. Robinson sent to the new immigration, apportioned them the land on the island, and left their some daily necessities. Finally Robinson left the isl
21、and satisfied.2. Humanistic Thought 2.1 Definition of Humanism Generally speaking, humanism was a literary and philosophic system of thought which “attempted to place the affairs of mankind at the centre of its concerns. Originating in Italy during the Renaissance, it soon spread throughout most of
22、west Europe “(Yang Haoyong 2000). Humanist thought was based on a new reading of Greek and Roman literature, and an affirmation of the importance of Platonic philosophy, and a reinterpretation of the writing of Aristotle. It took as a major interest the life of man in the present and, unlike medieva
23、l philosophy, which postulated a City of God in the hereafter, it attempted to lay the foundations for a life of justice, nobility, and goodness on earth. Humanism was an attitude rather than a philosophy, non-dogmatic and, in the main, non-scientific, taking as its main concern the exploration of h
24、uman potential for a full and rewarding life. According to humanists, man should mould the world according to his own desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks by the exercise of the human intellect. Humanism was one of the most important factors giving rise to the Renaissance.(王
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