第01章Java语言概述.ppt
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1、1,面向对象程序设计(Java),武汉大学国际软件学院 桂浩,2,课程提纲,Java语言概述 Java语言语法基础 面向对象的特征 Applet及其应用 图形用户界面设计 异常 线程 集合操作 Java输入/输出 网络编程,3,参考资料,Java语言程序设计,吕凤翥、马皓编著,清华大学出版社 Java编程思想,第2版,候捷译,计算机科学丛书,机械工业出版社 The Java Tutorial, a practical guide for programmers, http:/ Thinking in Java, 2nd edition, Revision 11, 2000, Bruce Eck
2、el, http:/ Thinking in Java, 3rd Edition Revision 4.0, Bruce Eckel The Java Language Specification, 2nd Edition, James Gosling, Bill Joy, Guy Steele, Gilad Bracha,4,第一章 Java语言概述,Java的发展 什么是Java? Java程序介绍 Java程序运行环境,5,Java的发展,早期的历史 1991年,Sun Microsystems公司建立“the Green Project”(Secretly),13个成员,目的开发消费电
3、子类产品市场(嵌入式设备),初始选择C+语言 1992年夏天,*7设备,运行在一种全新的、对立于处理器的语言“Oak”,潜在的市场有线电视 Green TeamFirstPerson Team(70人),电视机顶盒/video-on-demand,市场不成熟 ? ? ? James Gosling, Bill Joy, and Eric Schmidt “why not the Internet?“ 在Mosaic浏览器的基础上开发“WebRunner”,“Hollywood-meets-Silicon-Valley”的两个演示(3D动态分子、线排序),6,Java的发展,早期的历史 Java
4、面世 1995年3月,“1.0a” 7/8份二进制拷贝,“1.0a2”源代码公布在Internet 下载数量和反馈邮件剧增 On May 23, 1995, John Gage, director of the Science Office for Sun Microsystems, and Marc Andreessen, cofounder and executive vice president at NetscapeTM, stepped onto a stage and announced to the SunWorld audience that JavaTM technology
5、 was real, it was official, and it was going to be incorporated into Netscape NavigatorTM, the worlds portal to the Internet.,7,Java的发展,历史记录 - Who,James Gosling: Green Team original, FirstPerson employee, original member Java Products Group, lead engineer and key architect of Java technology,Bill Jo
6、y: Cofounder and vice president, Sun Microsystems, Inc., principal designer of the University of California, Berkeley, version of the UNIX operating system,Eric Schmidt: Former Sun Microsystems chief technical officer, Former Novell chairman and CEO, Chairman of the Board and CEO, Google Inc.,8,Java
7、的发展,历史记录,* 7: A new SPARC based, handheld wireless PDA, with a 5“ color LCD with touchscreen input,9,Java的发展,的主页,10,Java的发展,五年回顾(19962000) 1995年 May 23, Java technology launched 1996年 Jan 23, JDK 1.0 software release May 29, first JavaOne developer conference (JavaBeans, Java Media APIs, servlets, e
8、tc) July 10, 50,000 people attend Sun Java Day in Tokyo Aug 16, Sun/Addison-Wesley (The Java Tutorial and the first Java Language Specification) Sep, 83,000 Web pages have incorporated Java technology Oct 25, Sun announces first Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler for Java platform Oct 29, Java Card API ann
9、ounced Dec 9, JDK 1.1 beta software released,11,Java的发展,五年回顾(19962000) 1997年 Feb 18, JDK 1.1 release ships Mar 4, Java Web Server beta and Java Servlet Developers Kit software released Mar 10, Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) API introduced Mar 11, More than 220,000 downloads of JDK 1.1 so
10、ftware in just three weeks Apr 2, JavaOne conference (10,000 attendees, the worlds largest developer conference), Enterprise JavaBeans technology Aug 5, Java Media and Communication APIs released Aug 5, More than 100,000 downloads of JavaBeans Development Kit software Sep 23, Java Developer Connecti
11、on program has 100,000+ members,12,Java的发展,五年回顾(19962000) 1998年 Jan 20, JDK 1.1 software release downloads top 2 million Mar 24, JavaOne conference draws 15,000 Mar 31, Ericsson, Sony, Siemens, BEA, OpenTV and others license Java technology June 3, Visa launches worlds first smart card based on Visa
12、s Open Platform and Suns Java Card technology Nov 5, Sun works with Linux Community on Java 2 software port to Linux Dec 8, Java 2 platform ships,13,Java的发展,五年回顾(19962000) 1999年 Jan 13, Major consumer electronics manufacturers support Java technology for digital television Feb 24, Java 2 platform so
13、urce code released Mar 4, XML support for Java platform unveiled Mar 27, Java HotSpot performance engine unveiled June 2, JavaServer Pages technology unveiled June 15, JavaOne developer conference draws 20,000 June 15, Sun announces three editions of Java platform: J2SE, J2EE, J2ME June 29, J2EE Ref
14、erence Implementation Alpha ships Aug 25, J2SE version 1.3 beta software released Aug, The JavaPhone API specification included in an approved GSM standard by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute,14,Java的发展,五年回顾(19962000) 1999年 Sep 30, J2EE beta software released Dec 8, J2EE platform
15、ships Dec 8, J2SE platform on Linux ships 2000年 Apr 19, J2EE platform licensed to Art Technology Group, BEA Systems, Compaq, Hitachi, SilverStream, Sybase, May, Membership in Java Developer Connection program tops 1.5 million May 8, Sun to work with Chinese TV industry to define interactive digital
16、TV spec for China TV May 8, J2SE v. 1.3 platform released May 17, J2SE v 1.3 platform gains industry support from Apple with Mac OS X,15,第一章 Java语言概述,Java的发展 什么是Java? Java程序介绍 Java程序运行环境,16,什么是Java?,Java Technology 编程语言(Programming Language) 运行平台(Platform),17,什么是Java?,Java编程语言的特点 简单(Simple) 面向对象(Obj
17、ect oriented) 解释性(Interpreted) 平台独立和可移植(Architecture neutral & Portable) 鲁棒和安全(Robust & Secure) 多线程(Multithreaded) 分布式(Distributed) 高性能(High performance) 动态(Dynamic),18,Java编程语言的特点 简单(Simple) 简单易学 不存在指针、单一继承、内存空间自动回收 面向对象(Object oriented) 类和对象数据和方法的封装 封装、继承、多态性 注重于数据和操作数据的方法,而不是流 解释性(Interpreted) Ja
18、va编译器生成字节码,Java解释器执行字节码 链接过程简单,仅仅将新的类装载(load)入运行环境,什么是Java?,19,Java编程语言的特点 平台独立(Architecture neutral)和可移植(Portable) Java编译器产生的字节码(bytecode)可运行在异种网络环境中(不同的硬件系统和不同的操作系统) Java程序在不同的平台中行为一致,不存在数据类型的不一致等现象,什么是Java?,20,Java编程语言的特点 鲁棒/健壮(Robust)和安全(Secure) 取消了指针的不安全性,增强了程序的健壮性 内存管理简单,“new”构造对象,对象释放(automat
19、ic garbage collection) 可靠的语言: compile-time checking和run-time checking 网络环境的应用不会产生恶意行为,为Java程序构造一个个(Sandbox,具有安全策略的限制),提高了安全性,什么是Java?,21,Java编程语言的特点 多线程(Multithreaded) native 例: 浏览器应用中,播听音乐/拖动页面/后台下载页面 线程类: java.lang.Thread/Runnable/ThreadGroup等 原语支持: synchronized、wait()、notify() 分布式(Distributed) 支持
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