高考英语动词时态提高.ppt
《高考英语动词时态提高.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语动词时态提高.ppt(31页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、动词时态,时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。 英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、过去完成时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时。,时态的分类,动词各种时态的讲解,一.一般现在时态(do/does式): 1.一般用法: 1表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作,e.g. He often go to the cinema. My sister wears glasses. I go to the school every day. 2表示现在或经常
2、性的情况或状态, e.g. Mother is ill. He likes living in the country. 3表示现在的能力、特征、职业等 , e.g. He sings well.(能力) My father gets up early. (习惯) Miss Dothy teaches English. (职业) This machine runs smoothly. (特征),4表示客观真理、科学事实 、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在的事实 , e.g. Summer follows spring. (客观规律) The earth runs around the sun.
3、(客观规律) Fire burns. (客观事实) Knowledge is power. (客观真理) 2.特别用法: 1主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用一般现在时表将来,e.g. Ill write to her when I have time. If we hurry up, we can catch the bus. Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 2主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,让步状语从句和方式状语从句须用一般现在时表将来,e.g. Whatever you say, I wont pay.,Wheth
4、er you help him or not, he will fail. Next time Ill do as he says. 3用于“the比较级,the比较级”中,前一个用一般现在时表将来,后一个用一般现在时表将来或一般将来时,e.g. The more you eat, the fatter you (will)become. 4当主句为将来时,定语从句用一般现在时表将来,eg. Ill give you anything you ask for. Hell give anyone 5,000 who helps him with his Russian. 5表示按规定、时间表 、
5、计划或安排要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,e.g. Are you on duty next weekend? The train leaves at 12:00.,6用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作,即瞬间的现在,说话和动作同时开始,同时结束,e.g. Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 7在make sure(弄清楚),make certain (弄清楚), mind(注意),watch(注意),take care(注意,当心) be careful (注意,当心)等后的that从句中用一般现在时表将来,e.g. We m
6、ust take care that no one sees us. Make sure you lock the door before you leave. Be careful that you dont hurt her feelings. Watch that the baby doesnt go near the heater. 8在it doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind等结构后以及类似结构后的名词性从句用一般现在时表将来,e.g.,It doesnt matter where we go on holiday. Does it mat
7、ter who goes first? I dont care whether we win or lose. 9主句是将来完成时态,从句有by the time 所引导的从句用一般现在时表将来(主句是过去完成时态,从句有by the time 所引导的从句用一般过去时),e.g. By the time he comes, Ill have left. ( By the time he came, I had left. ) 二.一般过去时态(did式): 1.基本用法: 1表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作,e.g. We often played together when we were c
8、hildren. 注:表示过去习惯性的动作,可用would, used to, e.g. He used to work by bus.,2表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态: He bought the computer five years ago. It was then a small fishing village. 2.特别用法: 1表客气或委婉的现在: I wondered if you were free this evening. I thought you might like some flowers. (注:过去进行时也可表示现在使语气更委婉、客气,eg. I was wo
9、ndering if you could give me a lift. We were hoping you would stay with us. 能这样用的动词主要限于want, wonder , think, hope, intend等少数动词。) 2 一般过去时态用于某些特殊结构中表现在,这些结构主要是its time,I wish, I would rather,if only,as if, as though等: Its time we started. I wish I knew his name. Id rather you lived with us. 注:would ra
10、ther等还可用一般过去时表将来.e.g. I would rather you came next Monday. 三.一般将来时(will/shall动原): 1.一般用法: 一般将来时基本用法:表示单纯的将来事实,e.g. We shall have a lot of rain next month. 2.表示将来时的常见用法及区别:be to/be going to/be about to/bev-ing / be due to/will/shall 动原 1表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决定做某事用will , e.g. -You forget to close t
11、he door. -Oh, Ill close it at once.,-Ann is in hospital. -Oh, really? I didnt know. Ill go and visit her. 2表示迹象表明要发生某事,则只能用be going to, e.g. Look at the dark clouds. Its going to rain. 3be going to还有以下用法,e.g. 强调主观想法或意图: Im going to wash the car if I have time. (注意:此时不能用 bev- ing, bev- ing表示将来,主要强调已经
12、作出的安排,e.g. Im picking you up at 6:00,dont forget. ) 强调某个意图是事先考虑好的: -Ann is in hospital. -Yes, I know. Im going to visit her tomorrow.,4be to:命中注定的事,隐含在未来之中的事, I think we are to meet again many years later. 父母让子女,上级让下级做的事,表示命令, Youre to do your homework before you watch TV. 表征求意见,用于问句, Are we to hand
13、 in the papers at 10:30? 5be about to表示动作之快的将来,其后不能接时间状语,它与be on the point of doing sth.相似, Autumn is about to start. They are on the point of starting. 6be due to与时间表,旅行计划等有关,e.g. The train is due to leave at 7:00. He is due to leave very soon. 四.过去将来时(would动原)与一般将来时相似。,五.现在完成时(have/hasp.p.) 1.基本用法
14、: 1影响性用法:该用法表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成,且对现在造成影响或结果,同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果,e.g. He has left the city.(结果:他不在这个城市) Someone has broken the window.(结果: 窗户仍破着) 2持续性用法:该用法表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成,而是持续到现在,且可能继续持续下去或可能到此结束,e.g. Have you waited long? We have been busy this afternoon. 2.用现在完成时的典型场合:,1“since过去时间”或“since接从句(
15、从句中用一般过去时)”则句中用现在完成时,e.g. I havent seen her since last week. Where have you been since I last saw you? 2句中有so far/in (for/during)the past (last)years(months )/up to now/until now等短语则句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. So far there has been no news. She hasnt had any friends so far. In the past two years Ive seen him th
16、ree times. He has been in Guangdong (for)the last month. Up to now, the work has been very easy. 3“It/This/That is the first (second/third)timethat从句”或“It/This/That is the onlythat从句”,或“It/This/That is the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang. It/Th
17、is/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life. It/This/That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. (注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态) 3.现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别:现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果,而一般过去时态强调这个动作发生的时间是过去。e.g. Ive lived here for ten years. (现在仍住在这儿 ), I lived here for ten years.
18、(现在不住在这儿 ) He has bought a house. (现在已拥有这房子) He bought a house. (现在拥不拥有这房子,不知道,只是知道买了房子,现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了) 4.“have been to 地点”与“have gone to地点”,前者表示去过某地,说话的时候已不在去过的地方,现在在对方的身边,而后者表示说话的时候,去某地的人不在场,可能到达某地,也可能在去某地的路上,反正不在说话者的身边。e.g. He has been to Paris three times. He has gone to Paris. 六.过去完成时(had p.p.) 1
19、.基本用法:既表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作,也表示从某一较早的过去动作持续到一个较迟的过去的动作,e.g.,He had left when I arrived. By six oclock he had worked twelve hours. 用好过去完成时,关键在于理解它的时间是“过去的过去”。 2.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/ suppose等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式(等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式),表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g. I had meant to come, but somethi
20、ng happened. ( I meant to have come, but something happened. ) I had intended to speak at the meeting, but time didnt permit. ( I intended to have spoken at the meeting, but time didnt permit. ) 这种用法在不定式里讲。,3.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时: 1“It/This/That was the first (second/third)timethat从句”或“It/This/That was the
21、 onlythat从句”或“It/This/That was the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用过去完成时。 2by( the end of )过去时间,句中谓语用过去完成时,e.g. We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term. By 8:00a.m. yesterday, we had arrived the park. 3by the time一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时,e.g. By the time he came back, we had repaired the machine. 4No sooner had
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考 英语 动词 时态 提高
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2496862.html