高考英语短文改错的命题与解题.ppt
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1、,高考英语短文改错的 命题与解题,NMET短文改错的命题特点 1. 短文改错的命题通常从以下几方面考虑: i. 考察英语的屈折附加成分(以表现英语学科的显著特点)。 ii. 学生受本族语影响容易犯的错误。 iii. 估计考生可能出现的错误。 2. 用于改错的短文题材为中学生所熟悉, 不会象阅读理解那样, 发生因题材陌生而丢分。,NMET短文改错的命题内容 I. 英语的屈折附加成分 1. 现在时第三人称单数 2. 时态 3. 被动语态 4. 动名词 5. 分词 6. 不定式 7. 名词复数 8. 代词 9. 比较形容词 10. 词性的变化 (从一类词派生另一类词),II. 学生受本族语影响容易犯
2、的错误 1. 英语介词和活跃的动词搭配, 构成表达法, 是NMET短文改错的重要内容 2. 汉语中没有和英语冠词相对应的词语 3. 英语中的一致现象 (一致包括动词与其主语的一致, 称谓的一致,主从句中时态的一致等) 4. 英语中的平行结构现象 (在表达平行概念时, 要使用相同的语法结构, 平行结构常借助于并列连词and, or, not only.but also等。),III. 估计考生可能出现的错误 1. 冗言 例1: (I am a member of) our school football team. We practise for three times (every week
3、and often watch football matches on TV together.) 例2: Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 2. and but; and or; x not; gocome转换对于整个句意的逻辑关系造成根本变化 例: She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered (her words and calmed down.) and,3. 英语句与句、词与词的连接必须使用并列或从属连词 4. 定语从句的考查 5. 忽视最常见近
4、似形词语的差异 6. 误把形容词当动词,了解NMET短文改错的命题内容,命题之一: 英语的屈折附加成分 英语学科显著的特点是指拼音文字所特有的表现形式, 包括英语的屈折附加 成分, 如: 动词的屈折变化, 名词复数的屈折变化, 代词的屈折变化, 比较形容词的 屈折变化等, 而汉语则无这种变化。,1. 现在时第三人称单数的屈折变化, The new boy or girl in school quickly become one (of the class after a few games.) becomes Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothi
5、ng to borrow them. costs (Playing football not only makes us grow up) tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and (team spirit.) gives,2. 时态的屈折变化,84/NMET2003 (She liked it) very much and reads it to class. All said the story was (a good one.) read We were driving along a narrow road wh
6、en the car stop working. stopped Bill is standing at the side of the car, (talking to two men who were helping him to repair it.) was Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the tallest building. hurried Also, scientists and doctors had learned how to deal with many diseases(疾病). have, If the book you wil
7、l want is out, you may ask for it (to be called back for you,.) (I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away) and it is really great to see most of my old (friends again.) was We have a good time talking and laughing (together.) had My favourite sport is football. I was a member o
8、f (our school football team.) am,2. 时态的屈折变化,3. 被动语态的屈折变化, After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. frightened Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building. seen (If the book you want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you, and if you pay the cost of sending
9、a postcard, the librarian will write to you, and let you know when the book you) want has returned and is ready for you to pick up. been Books may be keep for four weeks. kept,4. 动名词的屈折变化 81/NMET2003 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was (learning to.) talking (Charles and Linda Mas
10、on do all these things) as well as climbed buildings. climbing; climb (If the book you want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you, and if you pay) the cost of send a postcard, the librarian will (write to you, .) sending, I want to thank you again for have me in your (home for the sum
11、mer holidays. having I look forward to hear from you soon. hearing together. Play football not only makes us grow up (tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.) Playing,5. 不定式, I went back to get David and helped him to stood up. stand The World Health Organization and
12、other organizations are working improve health all over the world. to (If the book you want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you, and if you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will) write to you, and let you to know when the book you (want has been returned and is read
13、y for you to pick up.) , (I had always) wanted return to the village after moving away (and it was really great to see most of my old friends again.) to Id like to your penfriend, and get to (know more about your country.) be/become,6. 名词复数的屈折变化, Different people speak different language, . language
14、s We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. water We have been to Europe many time. times There are branch library in many villages. libraries (I hope that you two could come and visit us) some times soon. time,There are branch library in many villages. libraries (I hope
15、 that you two could come and visit us) some times soon. time We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, (English and physics.) subjects (We practise for three times) every week and often watch football match on TV (together.) matches 85/NMET2003 (All said the story was) a good one. Their
16、word were a great encouragement to me. word words,7. 代词的屈折变化 82/NMET2003 (as I was) learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote (a little story.) me myself The game speaks for themselves. them/itself When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. his (And I cant forget) the goo
17、d food you cooked for I. me,8. 比较形容词的屈折变化 Police cars hurried to the taller building (in New York.) tallest (As a result, people in the modern world) generally live much more longer than people in the past. (People in industrial countries can expect to live for) twice so long as people who lived a f
18、ew hundred years ago. as In some places you may borrow many books as you want, . as,9. 词性的变化 (从一类词派生另一类词是英语学科的又一显著特点。 不同的句法功能要求使用与之相适应的词性) A players native language is not importance. important Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. wonderful,命题之二: 学生受本族语影响容易犯的错误,1. 英语介词远比汉语介词活跃这一特性(介词常和活跃的动
19、词搭配, 构成表达法, 是NMET短文改错的重要内容) People in different parts in the world learn to understand one another through sports. of People in different parts of the world learn to understand one with another through sports. , Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. of When I have free time I go a long wal
20、k. for When they came down the police were angry to them. with Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital if they are ill. , (Newly-published novels are always in great demand, ) and some books, for example, books for history, (science, cooking and gardening are also popu
21、lar.) on (I was a member of) our school football team. We practise for three times (every week and often watch football match on TV together.) (We must keep in mind that we play) for the team instead ourselves. Also, the sport (teaches us the importance of obedience服从). of,2. 汉语中没有和英语冠词相对应的词语这一特性, 考
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