杰克哈特讲座.ppt
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1、A presentation by Jack Hart,Storycraft The Art of Nonfiction Storytelling 故事技巧 讲述非虚构故事的艺术,- Fuggerzeitungen, 1587,Walpurga Hausmannin, evil and wretched woman, now imprisoned and in chains, has, under solicitous questioning as well as torture, confessed her witchcraft and made the following admissio
2、ns: Walpurga Hausmannin, 一个邪恶和不幸的女人,现被囚禁关押,遭到刑讯逼供,供认从事巫术活动并作出如下陈述:,Reports 报道,Reports 报道,Austin police said today they will enhance charges against a suspect already arrested for aggravated assault after a man he fought with died. 奥斯汀警方称,从今天起将提高对嫌疑犯的指控级别,该嫌疑犯曾因与人斗殴致死的故意伤害罪被捕。 American-Statesman, 4/1
3、2/05,Reports 报道,1. Information is key. 信息是关键 2. Summary Narrative. 概括叙事 3. Topical organization. 话题组织 4. Inverted pyramid. 倒金字塔 5. Direct quotations. 直接引用 6. Traditional news values. 传统新闻价值,- Ned Ward, “Hell in an Uproar.“ The London Spy, Jan. 1699.,Thus we prattled away our time, til we came in sig
4、ht of a noble pile of a building I conceived it to be my Lord Mayors palace, for He smiled at my innocent conjecture, and informed me that this was Bedlam, a hospital for madfolk. 我们闲逛了一会儿,直到几幢雄伟的房子映入眼帘我猜这是市长大人的官邸他对我天真的猜测抱以微笑,告诉我这是一家疯人院。,Stories 故事,News Narratives 新闻叙事,At 6 p.m. Sunday, the phone ra
5、ng with the news every symphony director dreads. 周日下午6点,电话铃声响了起来,它带来的消息让每一位交响乐团指挥听到都怕。 David Stabler,Stories 故事,Pattern and experience are key. 形式和经历是关键 2. Dramatic narrative. 戏剧性叙事 3. Scenic organization. 场景组织 4. Narrative arc structure 叙事弧线结构 5. Dialogue. 对话 6. Dramatic values. 戏剧的价值, Charles Dick
6、ens, “Traveling Letters.” London Daily News, 1846.,On Friday, as he was dining with the other prisoners, they came and told him he was to be beheaded the next morning, and took him away. 星期五,他还在和别的囚徒吃饭的时候,他们过来告诉他,第二天早上就要执行处决,接着就把他带走了。,History 历史,- Richard Harding Davis The News Chronicle,The entranc
7、e of the German army into Brussels has lost the human quality. It was lost as soon as the three soldiers who led the army bicycled into the Boulevard du Regent and asked the way to the Gare du Nord. When they passed, the human note passed with them. What came after them, and 24 hours later is still
8、coming, is not men marching, but a force of nature, like a tidal wave. At the sight of the first few regiments of the enemy, we were filled with interest. After for three hours they had passed in an unbroken steel-grey column, we were bored. But when hour after hour passed and there was no halt, no
9、breathing time, no open spaces in the ranks, the thing became uncanny, inhuman. 德国军队进入布鲁塞尔的情形惨无人道。三个士兵骑着自行车把大军领进杜瑞金大道,一路探寻去往杜诺德码头的路。他们所过之地,人性也被一并抛下。 24小时后,还有像潮水一般的军队继续涌来。 看到第一队敌军到来时,我们还充满了兴趣。一连看了三个小时青灰色的纵队经过,我们感到乏味至极。但是几个小时下来,他们接连不断,人马中一丝空隙都没有,这就变得非常可怕,没有人性。,History 历史, Ben Hecht Chicago Daily News
10、June 22, 1920.,Carl Wanderer, dressed in a brown suit, stood looking over the porch of his home at 4770 North Campbell avenue. His wife, who was murdered last night by a holdup man in the doorway downstairs, lay in their bedroom. 卡尔温德尔穿着棕色的外套,站在自家的门廊仔细查看。昨晚,位于坎贝尔大街北4770号的家中,妻子被劫匪在家门口杀害,现在正躺在他们的卧室里。,
11、History 历史,Nonfiction Narrative Forms 非虚构叙事的形式,Short News Narratives 短消息叙事,The pickup blew by, pushing 80. Jason McGowan, A Portland police reserve officer whose patrol car was stopped at Southeast Division and Southeast 142nd Avenue, saw it swerving in and out of traffic. Then it nearly hit him. 一辆
12、小货车呼啸而过,时速将近八十英里。 波特兰市后备警官杰森麦克高文将巡逻车停在东南区的142号大街,他看见小货车急转弯驶进并驶出车道,还差点撞到他。 Stu Tomlinson,Short News Narratives 短消息叙事,An 8-year-old boy stood alone on a Northwest Portland sidewalk Monday night as people filed out of the Mission Theater & Pub. Dried tears streaked his face. 周一的晚上,人们陆续从使命剧院&酒吧走出来。波特兰西北
13、大街的人行道上,一个8岁的小男孩独自站在那里,脸上的泪痕依稀可见。 Dave Hogan, The Oregonian,Becky Saari listened to her husband on the phone and grew more intrigued with every word. “What is stuck in the tree? “Who?” “Doing what? 贝基萨里听着丈夫接电话,对电话的内容越来越感兴趣: “什么卡在树上了?” “谁?” “干什么?” Larry Bingham,Short News Narratives 短消息叙事,短消息叙事,Fryer
14、 Jay heard the crash in the Voodoo Doughnut kitchen and turned away from a Monday-night rush of college kids. 弗莱尔杰伊听见伏都甜甜圈店的厨房动静很大,便离开这群周日晚上必会潮水般涌来的大学生们,走向厨房。 Joe Rose,Vignette 小品文,A ribbon of plywood snakes over slippery rocks, more than 100 feet of winding, rickety highway that could pass as a lef
15、tover from an Indiana Jones thriller. 一条胶合板搭成的小路像蛇一样蜿蜒在滑溜溜的岩石上,这100英尺弯弯曲曲、松松垮垮的路简直就是印第安纳琼斯惊悚片玩剩下的。 Bill Monroe,Columns 专栏,This is the tale of two Katherines, two blue ribbons and six perfect chocolate-chip cookies. 这是一个关于两个凯瑟琳,两条蓝色丝带和六块精致的巧克力脆片曲奇饼的故事。 Marge Boule,Explanatory Narratives 释义性叙事,A house
16、 fire in southeast Portland. Heavy flames shooting from a second-floor window. Someone trapped inside. Joe McCarthy, sitting in front of this television, turned off the forensics show . and grabbed the scanner squawking on his dining-room table. 波特兰市东南区有一处房子着火了。浓烟从二楼的窗户窜出。有人被困在里面。 正坐在电视机前的乔麦卡锡,立马关掉了
17、法医节目一把抓起餐桌上的正嚷嚷个不停的步话机。 Steve Beaven,Digression: McPhee 离题:麦基,. then, with a profound structural shudder, the Mississippi is captured by the Atchafalaya. The mid-American flagship of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has run aground. After going on line, in 1963, the control structures at Old River h
18、ad to wait ten years to prove what they could do. The 1950s and 1960s were secure in the Mississippi Valley. In human terms, a generation passed with no disastrous floods 然后,随着一阵从船体深处传来的震动,密西西比号被阿查法拉亚湾困住了。这艘载着由美国工程师部队队驾驶的美国中部旗舰在此搁浅了。 1963年,也就是在联网以前,老年河(Old River)那里的管理大楼防洪设施要等上10年,才能证明他们都能做些什么的价值。20世
19、纪五六十年代的密西西比流域是安全的,整整一代人都没有经历过灾难性的洪水。 “The Control of Nature” 控制自然,Long-Form Story Narratives 长篇故事叙事,The boy sits on the living-room sofa, lost in his thoughts and stroking the family cat with his fragile hands. 男孩窝在客厅的沙发里,用他无力的手抚摸着猫咪,陷入沉思。 Tom Hallman,Long-Form Explanatory Narratives 长篇释义性叙事,At the
20、start of the french fry trail, strong Hutterite women in long dresses sliced seed potatoes and tipped their bonnets to tradition, dusting modern farm machinery with goose wings. 在法式薯条之旅开始之前,强壮的身穿长裙的哈特派妇女,给种用马铃薯切好片,按照传统翻转一下她们的软帽,并给有鹅翅膀一样的现代农业机器除尘。 Rich Read,Tick-Tocks 动因,They didnt try to chat above
21、the Sno-Cats grumbling roar. Besides, at 3 a.m., Jeremiah Moffitt and the six other climbers inside the tractors cab still felt sleeps cobwebs thick behind their eyes. 雪猫雪地汽车的噪音极大,没人打算高声谈话盖过它。况且已是凌晨三点,耶利米墨菲特和其他六名登山者坐在车里困得眼睛都快睁不开了。 Katy Muldoon,Topical Outline 话题提纲,I. Courtroom Anecdote. 1. Grangers
22、History. 2. Sentencing. II. Evolution of the Scam. 1. Honest Rancher. 2. Limited Partnerships. III. Phantom Cows. 1. Rotating corrals. 2. Cooking the books.,I. 法庭轶事 1. 格兰杰的历史 2. 判决 II. 骗局的发展 1. 诚实的农场主 2. 有限责任公司 III. 虚幻的奶牛 1. 轮换畜栏 2. 伪造账目 To be continued,IV. The Victims. 1. The Andersons. 2. The McCo
23、ys. V. Aftermath. 1. The Settlement. 2. McCoy Kicker.,IV. 受害人 1. 安德森一家 2. 麦考伊一家 V. 结果 1. 解决 2. 麦考伊的抱怨,话题提纲,I. 法庭轶事 1. 格兰杰的历史 2. 判决 II. 骗局的发展 1. 诚实的农场主 2. 有限责任公司 III. 虚幻的奶牛 1. 轮换畜栏 2. 伪造账目,IV. 受害人 1. 安德森一家 2. 麦考伊一家 V. 结果 1. 解决 2. 麦考伊的抱怨,Scenic Outline 场景提纲,I. The Maggot Farm 1. Dead sheep in front ya
24、rd. (coarse fishing) 2. Drinking tea inside. (family history, Ashursts competitive success) II. The Pub. (drawing for canal spaces) III. The Canal. (fishing strategy) IV. The Pub. (the outcome) V. The Farm (the importance - staying awake to worry),I. 养蛆农场 1. 院子里的死绵羊 (粗犷捕鱼) 2. 屋内喝茶 (家族历史, 阿舍斯特在竞争中获胜)
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