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1、The Attributive Clause ,Grammar,Translate these proverbs,He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉 He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 Friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost. 真正的友谊犹如健康的身体
2、,失去时方知其可贵。,Which baby is Jack?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,whose trousers are red,who is wearing red trousers,Jack,定语从句:是指在复合句中, 修饰 或 的从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“ ”。 引导定语从句的词叫“ ”。,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,The Attributive clause 定语从句,关系词,关系 代词,关系 副词,who whom,that which,whose,when where why,1.
3、 引导定语从句。 2. 代替先行词。 3. 在定语从句中担当 一个成分。,关系词的三个作用:,关系代词用法,人/物,主/宾,主/宾,主/宾,宾,定,人,人,人物,物,Summary,二、关系词有哪些? 1、关系代词 which(指sth) that(指sb或sth) who(指sb作主语或宾语) whom(指sb作宾语) whose(指sb或sth,作定语) 2、关系副词: when(指时间) where(指地点) why(指原因),二、关系词有哪些?,定语从句中连接词的选择取决于先行词在从句中担当的成分。,做主语,宾语或表语:,where的用法,Join the two sentences
4、,using the attributive clause. This is the factory. I worked in the factory last year. This is the factory where I worked last year. This is the factory in which I worked last year.,Those who are against the plan please put up their hands. The boy who is reading newspapers to us is our monitor. The
5、student who (whom) the teacher is talking to is my brother. The student to whom the teacher is talking is my brother. Do you still remember the person whom I introduced to you when I was in Beijing last year?,关系代词的使用whose: 修饰人, 也可修饰物, 表示所属关系, 在从句中做定语, 在修饰物时可以与of which搭配 The girl whose composition wa
6、s read just now studies very well. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan。. I live in a room whose window faces south. Please pass me the book whose cover is blue,Last week, we visited a factory which produces very good bicycles. I once worked in the factory which my students are going t
7、o visit next week. We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden. The scientist discovered a new element, which made him famous.,When,why的用法,Join the two sentences ,using the attributive clause. 1.Ill never forget the day. I joined the Party on that day. Ill never forget the day when I j
8、oined the Party . Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .,2. There are many reasons. People like travelling for many reasons. There are many reasons why people like travelling. There are many reasons for which people like travelling.,that : 可修饰人也可修饰物, 在句中做主语或宾语, 因此修饰人时可代替who 或whom, 修饰
9、物时可代替which, 但that 不能直接做介词宾语 Who is the person that is speaking now? They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. This is the very book that Ive been longing for.,在先行词为物情况下,一般情况两者可通用,但也有不可互换的情况。 以下几种情况只用that.,先行词all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等
10、不定代词 He did all that he can to help me. There is nothing that can be done in this situation. Everything (that) we saw was of great interest to us. Ive read all the books (that) you gave me. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰。,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 The Summer Palace is the most beautiful par
11、k that Ive been to. The first thing that I should do after returning to China is to see my old parents. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read. This is the first composition (that) he has written in English,先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, the next ,the just修饰时。 That white flower
12、is the only one that I really like. This is the very book that I want to have. The last place that we visited was the chemical works.,有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词,从句应用that,而不是其他。 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited in Germany. They talked for about half an hour of persons and things
13、 that they remembered at school,当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句多用that, 而不用who(whom), Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Who is the man that called on you just now? Which of the subjects that you are studying is the most difficult?,只用which 不用that 的情况:在非限定性定语从句中 The bus, which was full, wa
14、s surrounded by an angry crowd. 指物,在介词后 This is the room in which we planned our future life. Soon we go to a hill at the top of which was a temple. 如果介词不前置可用that The room which / that we live in is very clean and tidy. 在修饰整个句子时 Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. He tried to make some excu
15、ses, which made his teacher very angry.,练习1. This is the comrade_ will go to the south with us tomorrow. 2. Whos the student _ the teacher is talking with? 3. I like the present _ youve sent to me. 4. The nurse _ we talked about can speak English well. 5. This is the most difficult job _ weve ever d
16、one.,6. This is the cleverest man _ Ive ever known. 7. I bought all _ was necessary. 8. The old gentleman _ you met just now is a famous writer. 9. The girl to _ I lent my bike works in a hospital. 10. All _ come are welcome,11. This is the girl _ songs you heard last night. 12. She was the brave gi
17、rl _ name is known to everybody here. 13. Thank you for the help _ youve done for me. 14. This radio set _ we have had for two years is a good one. 15. The next question _ I found difficult to answer was put to me by Mary.,Keys: who 2. that 3. that/which 4. Whom 5. that 6. that 7. that 8. whom/that
18、9. whom 10. That 11. whose 12. whose 13. which/that 14. which/that 15. that,关系副词的用法 When: 修饰表时间的名词, 如time, hour, day, month, date, year等, 在从句中做时间状语 Do you still remember the day when you first came to school? The first time that I came to school was in 1982. I cant remember the exact time when (that
19、) I went to visit the Great Hall of the People.,关系副词的用法 Where: 修饰表示地点的名词,在从句中做地点状语 Its the room where I used to live in my childhood. The factory where we worked last year is now being rebuilt.,关系副词的用法 When: 修饰表时间的名词, 如time, hour, day, month, date, year等, 在从句中做时间状语 Do you still remember the day when
20、 you first came to school? The first time that I came to school was in 1982. I cant remember the exact time when (that) I went to visit the Great Hall of the People.,关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语 相当于for which 。 I dont know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。,time,时间状语,place,地点状
21、语,reason,原因状语,Practice(难点突破),1.This is the school I worked last year. This is the school I visited last year. A. that B. where C. when D. in where 2. Ill never forget the day I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day I spent in the village. A. that B. where C. when D. on when 3.This is the reason
22、 he was late. This is the reason he gave to me. A. that B. why C. when D. for why,The reason why he explained at the meeting surprised us. 2. I can remember the days when we spent together.,why(that),when(that / which),Correct the mistakes,高考链接,There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped
23、her hands. (2008 全国) A. where B. which C. when D. that,思考探究,翻译句子并分析其结构 1.Many teachers come to attend my class today, which makes me very happy. 2.As we all know, Diaoyu Islands belong to China. as, which 引导了哪类从句? 定语从句修饰的先行词在哪里? as, which 引导非限定性定语从句时有那些特点?,as和which引导非限定性定语从句,as和which均可引导非限定性定语从句,在 从句中充当主语,宾语和表语,修饰整个主句。 as具有“正如,像”等意思。 as引导非限定性定语从句时可放在主句的 句首,句中或句末;而which引导非限定性定语从句时通常只能放在主句的 末尾。,Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒) him. (2004 天津) A. who B. that C. what D. which,高考链接,Thank you.,
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