宾语从句复习.ppt
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1、The Objective Clauses,宾语从句,Learning Aims,1 Learn about what the objective clause is and then tell which sentences are the objective clauses from the passage. 2 Grasp the three key points of the objective clause. 3 To be able to do all kinds of exercises about the objective clause.,Have a discussion
2、in group,1 I love English. 2 Did you remember his name? 3 These words are very easy. 5 It woke everybody up. 6 It was wrong to pull leaves off plants. 7 Ill encourage her to work harder at his lessons. 8 What happened in our school yesterday?,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾
3、语从句就是宾语由一个句子来构成的.,简单句,复合句,一 什么 是宾语从句?,试比较,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体,从句仅仅是主句的一个 成分,它从属于主句,不能独立。从句在全句中 充当什么成分,就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的 从句在全句中作宾语。,了解宾语从句,Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she
4、 has gone. I dont know if he will come tonight. Lets find out whats on tonight .,Find out the Object Clauses,We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .,The teacher asked I was late today. Do you still remember he said in the meeting? Do you know they are waiting for? Ca
5、n you tell me country you are from, America or England? I really want to know your hometown is. No one knows they opened the box.,what, which, who, whom, when, why, where, how, whatever, whoever,why,what,whom/who,which,where,how,2.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有
6、词义又充当句子成份。,e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?(谁的,作定语) 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? (为什么,作状语) 3)He asked who could answer the question.(谁,作主语),注:that 在句中无词义,在从句中不能充当句子成分,在口语中往往被省略。,e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,二 .宾语从句的引导词,3.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从
7、句,e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not .,if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义,在句中不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换, 但whetheror not为固定搭配.,看一看:I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains ,Ill stay at home. I want to know when he will come back.When he comes
8、back, please tell me. 想一想:when和if 可以引导什么从句?它们的时态有什么特点?,when和if 既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句。在宾语从句中,时态根据需要确定;在状语从句中,遵循主将从现的原则。,Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.,三. 宾语从句的语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序,即是“主语在
9、前,谓语在后”的顺序。,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 (需要性原则),2.当主句是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。(呼应性原则),1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,
10、1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时had done,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时,就不用受到主句时态的限制,仍是用一般现在时态。(特殊性原则),He to
11、ld me (that),Summer is after Spring .,I was told (that),the sun is much bigger than the moon.,My parents told me (that),no news is good news.,比一比,想一想,1could / would是委婉语气,而不是过去式,因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Could you please tell me where we _our tickets ? (show) Would you like to know when he _ back ?
12、(come),show,will come,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,祈使句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,tell/ask sb.(not) to do.,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句 三要素,主句为现在时,从句的时态根据_而定。 主句为过去时,从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。,注意:,correct our mistakes,曾老师问他为什么迟到了。 Miss Zeng asked wh
13、y was he late for school。 2. 我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。 I dont know what did he do yesterday. 3.晏主任问她怎么了。 Director Yan asked what the matter was with her. 4. 何老师说过月亮绕着地球转。 Miss He said that the moon moved round the earth,5. 我有信心你们明天一定考得好。 Im confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow. 6. 他们不确定明天是否转冷。
14、They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.,1. Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school.( 集英社) 语序必须先主语后谓语。 主句为过去时,从句的时态用相应的过去时态。 2. I dont know what did he do yesterday.(Warm Home),he was,a.宾语从句的助动词要去掉. 主句为现在时,从句出现yesterday的过去时间,因此从句用过去时。,he did,3. Director Yan asked what the mat
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