非谓语动词专题讲座1ppt课件.ppt
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1、高中英语学习课件,非谓语动词专题讲座(1),年级科目:高中英语 主 讲 人:王海峰 学 校:西安市第45中学,目 录,非谓语动词作主语,非谓语动词作宾语,非谓语动词作宾补,非谓语动词作主补,非谓语动词作表语,1. 非谓语动词的基本概念,非谓语动词指可以担当除谓语外其它语法功能的动词形式。它有以下三种形式: 非谓语动词,1)动词不定式 2)-ing分词 3)过去分词,动名词 现在分词,1. 非谓语动词作主语,提纲: 1). 哪种非谓语动词可以作主语? 2). 什么语境里使用动名词作主语? 3). 什么时候用不定式作主语?,1. 非谓语动词作主语,一. 动名词作主语主要有以下两种情形 1)表示泛指
2、的动作多用-ing形式作主语,例如: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺床上看书对眼睛不好。 【名题解析】 1. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_ her new bicycle.(1997上海) A. As she lost BLost CLosing DBecause of 2. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of gre
3、at help. (28. 2005BJMET) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. having,C,D,1. 非谓语动词作主语,【名题解析】 1. What do you think made Mary so upset? _ her new bicycle 【06 HENMET . 8】 AAs she lost BLost CLosing DBecause of losing 2. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _ with him. 【06 SH
4、HMET . 31】 A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argued 3. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. 【05 BJ . 28】 A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. having,C,B,D,1. 非谓语动词作主语,2)在下列句型中用之: Its no good smoking, youd better give it up吸烟没好处,你还是戒
5、了的好。 Its a waste of time waiting here. 在这里等是浪费时间。 Its so nice talking to you. 很高兴和你谈话。 【名题解析】 Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _ with him. (31. 2006 SHHMET) A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argued There is no joking about such matters. 这种玩笑开不得。 There is no den
6、ying the fact that the students health has declined. 不容否认学生的健康状况下降了。,B,1. 非谓语动词作主语,3) 不定式作主语一般多用于书面语。例如: To hold the Olympic Games in Beijing will benefit Beijing Greatly. 北京举办奥运会将让北京受益非浅。(特指) 很多情况下,尤其是口语中,常有“it”义务来作形式主语。例如: Its not difficult for me to learn English 对我来讲英语不难学。(表示人的品格属性) Its really k
7、ind of you to let us use your swimming-pool. 感谢你让我们用你的游泳池。(用于描述事物),1. 非谓语动词作主语,小结: 1)泛指某一行为动作就用-ing形式;意指某一特定行为动作就用不定式。 2)It is no good/use doing sth. 3)It is a waste of time doing sth. 4)It is adj. of sb. to do sth. (言人) 5)It is adj. for sb. to do sth. (言物),2. 非谓语动词作表语,三种非谓语动词都可以作表语。但高考主要考查学生 对过去分词作
8、表语在具体语境中的使用能力。请识记下 列短语:get started “启动”;get changed “换装”;get cornered “受困”;get trapped “受困”; get dressed “穿衣”。 【名题解析】 1)Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.(2004 NMET I 28) A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to changed,A,2. 非谓语动词作表语,【名题解析】 2. 【07. SHD
9、MET . 26】 Please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop. Ato seal Bto be seated Cseating Dseated 【解析】:remain是系动词,而seat是使动词,通常跟be, remain, stay等系动词连用。Remain/stay seated = stay in your seat.继续坐着此题是摘自P.1774朗文当代高级英语词典。所以,答案选:。,D,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,提纲: 1).只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有哪些? 2).以to结尾的短语动词有哪些? 3).哪些动词只能
10、跟不定式作宾语? 4).象need, remember等少数动词后既可以接动名词又可以跟不定式。它们之间有什么区别?,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,1)只能接动名词作宾语的动词有:admit, advise,finish, avoid,escape, delay,consider, dislike, mind, miss , suggest,enjoy,practise,imagine,appreciate(感激),risk(冒险)等等。 【名题解析】 1) He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the g
11、ood opportunity. (32. 2005SHH) A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 2) It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without any consideration. (13. 2006 SHXMET) A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted,B,B,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,2)以介词to结尾的短语动词后面要跟-ing形式。常见的有:be used to “习惯于”;look forward to
12、 “盼望”;be devoted to “致力于”;make a contribution to “为做出贡献”;get down to “着手”;come close to “差一点就”,refer to “谈及”;when it comes to “当说起”;be addicted to “沉溺于”;adapt to “适应” 【名题解析】 Car 17 won the race. Yes, but its driver came close to _. A. having been killed B. have been killed C. be killed D. being kill
13、ed,D,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,3)只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:aim, arrange, afford, agree, claim, decide, expect, manage, offer, plan, pretend, fail, refuse, threaten等。 【名题解析】 1) I cant stand with Jane in the same office .She just refuses talking while she works. (35. 2006 BJ) A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. work
14、ing; to stop D .to work; to stop 2)I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. (12. 2005TJMET) A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded,C,A,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,4)少数动词既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词,但二者之间的意义不同 Need, want, require “要求”, deserve “值得” 接不定式表示“主动”;接动名词表示被动。
15、例句:The wall needs painting. The wall needs to be painted. Remember, forget, regret, mean, try, etc.接不定式表示动作晚于谓语动词,而接动名词表示动作早于谓语动词。 例句:Remember to give the book back to me. I remember seeing him somewhere.,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,考查重点: 1. 考查考生是否知道哪些动词只能跟不定式,而哪些动词后只能动名词。如:manage to do sth; 而enjoy doing sth. 2. 少数
16、动词既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词。考查考生是否知道二者之间的区别。如:remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth. 3. 结合动名词前逻辑主语来考查非谓语动词的用法。,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,走进高考 1. 例题1 (95NMET19) We agree _ here but so far she hasnt turned up. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 2. 例题2 (97SHMET) She cant help _ the house because shes busy ma
17、king a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. to cleaned D. be cleaned,C,A,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,走进高考 3. 例题3 ( 12. 2005TJMET) I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 4. 例题4 (2001 SHMET(春) 28) Sandy could do nothing b
18、ut _ to his teacher that he was wrong. A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit,A,A,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,走进高考 5. 【07. SHXMET . 9】 As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area_. Aneed repairing Bneeds to repair Cneeds repairing Dneed to repair 6. 【07. ANHMET . 30】 - Robert is
19、 indeed a wise man. - Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! Ato take Btaking Cnot to take Dnot taking,A,C,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,走进高考 7. 【07. JSMET . 28】 - Can I smoke here? - Sorry. We dont allow _ here. Apeople smoking Bpeople smoke Cto smoke DSmoking 8【07. LNMET . 34】 Youll imagine what difficul
20、ty we had_ home in the snowstorm. Awalked Bwalk Cto walk Dwalking,B,D,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,走进高考 9. 【04 FJMET . 34】 Having been ill in bed for months, he had a hard time _ the exam. A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing 10. It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without any consideration. 【06 SHXMET
21、. 13】 A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted 11. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (91MET34) A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed,D,B,C,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,仿真试题 1. 例题1 (2006天津市十二所重点高中联合测试32) Were you busy last weekend? Very. Rather than _ time playing c
22、ards as usual, I devoted every effort to _ an advertisement. A. waste; make B. wasting; making C. to waste; make D. a waste of; make 解析 此题考查非谓语动词作介宾。题干中第二个空前to是介词,所以要用动名词;rather than是连词,用来连接 making和另一个非谓语动词,根据并列连词前后词性对等原则,其后也应该使用动名词。答案:B,A,3. 非谓语动词作宾语,仿真试题 2. 例题2 (2007成都市高三诊断性检测题 23) The manager has
23、 had some problems _ whether they should borrow the money from the banker. A. to decide B. deciding C. decided D. having decided 解析 本题的基本句式是have some problems (in) doing sth。在英语中有些动词、形容词、名词后的介词通常可以省掉,如:have some (no) trouble / difficulty a hard time (in)doing sth; 可是:have some time to do sth.答案:B,B,
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