番茄花园-Acontrastivestudyofthetwolanguagesintermsof.ppt
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1、A contrastive study of the two languages in terms of form,English and Chinese are quite different grammatically. For example, English has definite and indefinite articles, which are absent in Chinese. Chinese has plenty of measure words, which are seldom found in English. Chinese is characterized by
2、 parataxis while English is featured by hypo-taxis. Therefore, Chinese sentences are not often connected by coordinating or subordinating conjunctions. In contrast, English sentences are normally well connected by such cohesive devices as coordinators and subordinators and other devices. The Chinese
3、 language boasts quite a number of sentences without subjects, while English sentences normally have their own subjects.,从形式角度省略词语,省略英语冠词 省略原文连词 省略英语介词 省略英语代词 省略引导词和关系代词 省略句中的省略 为了修辞效果而省略词语 省略原文某些修辞成分,省略英语冠词,英译汉时,英语冠词在许多情况下不必翻译。例如: Is the president of the United States a Republican? 美国总统是共和党党员吗?(不可译
4、作“这美国的这总统是一名共和党党员吗?”) The latest monthly figures show a growing surplus in Chinas overseas trade. 最新的月度统计数字表明中国外贸顺差进一步增长。 The fox may grow gray, but never good. 狐狸会变老,但是不会变好。 英语冠词翻译成汉语时,一般省略不译。但值得注意的是,如果英语不定冠词表达“一”这个意思,则不能省略。例如: Rome wasnt built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 I have two brothers and a sister.
5、 我有两个兄弟,一个姊妹。,省略原文并列连词,Youd better put on your sweater, for its rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上,外面相当冷。 One more step and you are a dead man. 再走一步,你就死定了。 The camera work is perfect and the cast is good. 电影拍摄好极了,演员也很棒。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 谦虚使人进步,骄傲使人落后。
6、 当然,上述四句的并列连词表示的逻辑意义也可翻译出来,但是省略这些并列连词,译文更好,更加符合汉语习惯。,省略原文从属连词,英语各类状语从句都必须由从属连词引导,汉语各类状语分句则不一定,所以,英语状语从句翻译为汉语时,其从属连词通常省略。此外,汉语的关联词往往成对出现,如“因为所以”,“虽然但是”,译成英语时要省略其中一个。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了, 春天还会远吗? If I had known this beforehand, I would not have gone back. 早知如此,我就不回去了。 While
7、 there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。 When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. 一个十八岁的姑娘离家出门,她的遭遇不外乎两种。 I stepped aside so that he could go in. 我让到一旁让他进去。 他们虽然取得了辉煌成就,但是不骄傲自满,还在继续努力。 Although they have achieved brilliant success, they are still working hard instead of be
8、ing conceited. 因为他的公寓在一座大城镇里,所以他没有属于自己的花园。 As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own.,省略英语介词,表示时间的介词常常省略 I left this city on the afternoon of July the 6th. 七月六号下午我离开了这座城市。 On the early morning of the 10th, there was a big fire her.十日清晨,这里发生了一场大火灾。 These are our chief tasks at the p
9、resent stage. 这些就是我们现阶段的主要任务。 “In that case, sir, Adele ought to go to school; I am sure you will perceive the necessity of it.” “那样的话,先生,阿黛勒该上学了。我想你肯定会意识到这样做是必要的。”,省略英语介词,表示地点的介词有时省略 He was born in a small town in southern Germany. 他出生在德国南部的一个小镇。 The post office is at the fourth intersection from h
10、ere. 邮局在从这里数起的第四个十字路口。 Rumors had already spread along the streets and lanes. 大街小巷早就传遍了各种流言蜚语。 但表地点的介词在谓语动词后面往往不可省略。例如: She hid behind the door. 她躲在门背后。,省略英语介词,表其他意义的介词的省略 In the excessive competition among enterprises, the losers can hardly be eliminated, and the allocation of the resources can har
11、dly be optimized. 企业过度竞争,失败者难以被淘汰,资源难以实现优化配置。 Our institute employed an English teacher. He looked very strange red-faced, golden-haired, with a thick growth of whiskers that reached all the way to the nose. 学院请来一位洋教师,长得挺怪 红脸、金发、连鬓胡子欣欣向荣,郁郁葱葱,挨近鼻子了。 The happiness of having such a sister was their fi
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