六级改错满分策略讲义PPT.ppt
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1、Error Correction,改错突破 Xu Hongqian,Checklist,缺词/多词 名词:数;可数性 形容/副词:形式/级 近义 搭配 时态/语态 动词 虚拟语气 非谓语动词 As/like结构,11. 定语从句的关系词 12. 前后照应 主谓一致 时态一致 c. 指代一致 d. 修辞一致 13. 逻辑关系: 连词/连接性副词 反义词 其它,1 缺词/多词,缺漏及赘述错误主要表现为漏掉介词、代词、关系词、冠词、连词等或重复意义相同或相近的词语以及出现两个主语等。,单数可数名词一般前应有冠词,但有些固定搭配中不用冠词 Dishwashers and washing machine
2、s do jobs that were once done by the hand. by (the) hand by hand,1 缺词/多词,不及物动词作谓语的关系代词前的介词 I suddenly realized that my own parents are the ones whom I can rely. (on) whom 不及物动词后接宾语应添加介词 But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. This leads changes in the
3、way of life. arriving (at) / leads (to),固定搭配中是否缺介词,注意隔离修饰 In every home a stereo or television will fill the rooms sound. fill the rooms (with) sound 短语中是否漏词 句子结构是否完整 In the nineteenth century, farm work and life were not much changed from that they had been in the old days. Thatwhat (原从句缺少宾语) 定语从句中
4、是否多了主语和宾语,More examples,We have to make clear to each worker that everybody must observe these rules make make it 宾语为动词不定式或从句时,必须在动词与宾语补足语之间加上形式宾语it。 Though we have known great deal about space,we still have a lot to learn. great deal a great deal (修饰不可数名词),The songs sounded via radios in restaurant
5、s,from cars passing on the highways and shoeshine(擦皮鞋) parlors and (in) shoeshine parlors 此处应是与前面词组in restaurants和from cars并列的介词短语,Both natural and synthetic man-made rubber are of little value in their raw state 去掉synthetic或man-made Monsoon winds(季风),sometimes masked by other features of the genera
6、l atmospheric circulation,they are associated with nearly all large continental land masses 去掉they 同Monsoon winds重复,2 名词,名词的限定,The day before the speech contest English teacher my可数名词前通常要加修饰语。此句虽然有English,但指代不明。根据上下文,加上my比较贴切。,名词可数与不可数的误用,Too much tests are disadvantage for students study. (误) In mo
7、dern society, people are under various pressures(误),名词的单复数,1)and asked me lots of question. Questions “question”为可数名词,在lots of后面,应加-s。 2)We study quite a few subject,such as maths, subjects A few后面应跟可数名词的复数形式。,3)and often watch football match on TV matches 经常观看足球赛, Match时可数名词,应用复数形式。 4)She said that
8、 she and my schoolmate all wished me success, schoolmates 此处为复数概念,应加上-s。,3 形容/副词与比较,形容词用来修饰名词或作表语;副词修饰形容副词或动词:经常有误用 It is essential that people be psychological able to resist the impact brought about by the transition from planned economy to market economy. Psychological psychologically 修饰形容词 Man h
9、as used metals for centuries in gradual increasing quantities. Gradual gradually修饰动词(现在分词形式),2. 系动词和感官动词后接形容词。系动词包括be, appear, seem, become, turn, go, come, grow, keep,感官动词包括feel, smell, taste, sound, look等。其中有些系动词又可以做实义动词:become成为, appear出现, turn转动, go去, come来, grow种植/成长, keep保留 I frequently feel w
10、eakly and dissatisfied with myself All the dishes taste most deliciously. Weakly weak Deliciously delicious,3. -ly结尾的词不一定都是副词,如friendly, woolly长绒毛的, costly昂贵的, lonely, elderly, olderly, fatherly, brotherly, deadly等,注意区分。 4. 以a-开头的形容词一般只作表语:afraid, alike, akin, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ashamed, a
11、float, alight发亮/燃着的 等。如果用作了定语,则需更换成相应形式。,5. 有些副词有两种形式,但意义不同,需加以区分 High高 highly:高度地 Deep深 deeply:深深地 Wide宽/大 widely:广泛/大大地 Hard努力 hardly:几乎不 Near近 nearly:几乎/将近 close近 closely:细心/严密/密切 Late迟 lately:最近 Most最 mostly:主要/通常 Just 刚/仅/正好 justly 公平/正当/精确地 Pretty相当/非常 prettily漂亮地/令人愉悦地,Right就/正是/顺利 rightly正确/
12、当/公正地 Slow缓慢(go/run/speak/read) slowly慢慢/渐渐地 Loud/loudly大声地 (louder/loudest) Fair公平/公正/正好 fairly 相当/适度/公正 Easy不着急/慢慢/容易 easily轻易/容易/很可能 Dead突然/完全/直接 deadly极为/死一般地 Clean完全/一直 cleanly干净利落地 Clear清楚/完全/远离 clearly 清楚/显然/明亮,He got up, walked across the room, and with a sharp quick movement flung the door
13、widelyopen. Widelyopen wideopen,6. 比较结构中,一般用than来连接,但有些词用to如:superior/inferior/senior/junior.或者asas Their fields yield twice as much corn this year than they did last year after adopting the advanced technology. Than as,7. 有些词本身就是最高级不可在添加more/most excellent; perfect; complete;entire(ly); extreme; un
14、ique; round; dead; alive; ultimate; utter; square等。 They may learn that questions which seemed most entirely objective then appear to be highly biased to someone else. Most entirely entirely,8. 混淆比较的两部分。如: The climate in the coastal cities is much warmer than in the interior cities(在than与 in之间应加指示代词
15、that句中用于比较的两个部分是气 候而不是地区。),4 近义词,某些近义词表面意思讲得通,但不贴切或不准确,需要进行替换。 Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared to put up with in the name of better health is a high personal matter. High highly 极为/高度 Between sunrise and sunset, streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars, bus
16、es Voice noise,5 搭配,主要涉及形容词、名词、动词等与介词的搭配;动词、形容词与名词的搭配以及比较结构等固定搭配。 On some fields, this has clearly not happened. On some fields in We asked a lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the way they occupied the space around them On the way by/from the way This has pr
17、obably been the case in quite a while. Infor,Such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients. Dependent in dependent on If he was absent because of sickness, there was often no job from him when he returned. From him for him We have little time to read some b
18、ooks which we interest. are interested in.,6 时态和语态,根据时间状语(包括副词(词组)和从句)或逻辑对句子的时态作出正确判断。 Where tuberculosis(肺结核)vanished, it came back. Vanished had vanished By the time the sun sets this evening, I will have finished the book I am writing for the last six years. am writing have been writing I was wal
19、king along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. There are there were,熟记事态的特殊规律 陈述真理或常识性事件时,用一般现在时 时间、条件从句中不能用将来时,静态动词不能用进行时态: a. be动词和have(有) b. apply to; belong to; differ from; cost; weigh; measure; fit; hold(容纳); lack; resemble等 c. 表示感觉的动词feel; hear; see, smell; taste d. 心理或情感动
20、词assume; believe; consider; detest(憎恶);feat; hate; hope; wish; like; love; regret; know; suppose; understand; want; remember; imagine; notice,He resembles his father. I know that this issue is important. I have English classic literary books. Cf. I am having a wonderful time in Hawaii.,6 时态/语态,要根据句意
21、确定使用主动还是被动 被动语态不仅出现在谓语的位置上,还出现在非谓语动词结构中,还有不同的时体变化。 Whenever we hear of a natural disaster, even in a distant part of the world, we feel sympathy for the people to have affected. To have affected to have been affected The old Jewish custom of bathing the feet of all strangers that came within their g
22、ates is still be practicing in parts of Palestine. Is still be practicing is still being practiced,只有及物动词或词组才用被动形式;但并非所有及物动词都可用于被动结构:如have; let; become; get; fit; suit; lack; resemble 小心被动结构不规则动词的过去分词形式 Throughout history, shoes have been wore not only for protection but also for decoration. Have be
23、en wore have been worn,7 动词,除了要时态/语态,还要注意是否及物动词 The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误) The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正) Because of his excellent performance, the boss rose his salary. (误) Because of his excellent performance, the
24、 boss raised his salary. (正),介词to和不定式符号的混淆,Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. (误) Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. (正) All these contributed to solve the serious problem. (误) All these contributed to the solution to the serio
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