翻译中的句子组合.ppt
《翻译中的句子组合.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《翻译中的句子组合.ppt(58页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、1,翻译中的句子组合 (1),张干周,参见TEXTBOOK 第9、10章,2,CONTENTS,Students Presentation Warm-up Exercises 翻译中的句子组合(Restructuring) Exercises in Class Homework,3,学生课堂演示,(For 15 Minutes),4,Analysis of Students Presentation,1. 接着他们用绳子五花大绑,把他捆得像个粽子似的,又是一阵拳打脚踢。 2. 这人原先胆子小,干啥也是脚踩两只船。,1. They gave him a good cuff and kick, t
2、russed him up like a fowl and then went on walloping and kicking him again.,2. This man had formerly been a coward, a fence-sitter.,5,Analysis of Students Presentation,This abrupt question to Wu Jingtang by surprise made him realize that the girl was a young bird just able to fly.,3. 她忽然提出了这么个问题,使余敬
3、唐吃了一惊。立刻看出这姑娘还是个刚离娘窝的“雏儿”。,6,Analysis of Students Presentation,4. Her eyes were swollen; her face was bathed in tears. 5. Ive been slaving all these years just to make money for them.,4. 只见他两个眼睛肿的桃儿一般,满面泪光。 5. 我半个世纪的辛苦,全是替他们做牛马!,7,Analysis of Students Presentation,Others are conceited; having picked
4、 up some book phrases, they think themselves terrific and are very cocky, but whenever a storm blows up, they take a stand very different from that of the workers and the great majority of the working peasants.,6. 还有一些人很骄傲,读了几句书,自以为了不起,尾巴翘到天上去了,可是一遇风浪,他们的立场,比起工人和大多数劳动农民来,就显得大不相同。毛泽东选集,8,Analysis of
5、Students Presentation,7. Now if death be of such a nature, I say that to die is gain; for eternity is then only a single night. 8. Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of the sovereign or state; servants of fame; and servants of business.,7. 如果这就是死亡的本质,那么死亡真是一种得益,因为这样看来,永恒不过是一夜。 8. 身居要位者
6、皆为三重仆人:元首或国家的仆人,声名的仆人和公务的仆人。,9,Analysis of Students Presentation,9. When does the baker follow his trade? Whenever he kneads the dough. 10. An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.,9. - 面包师傅什么时候营业? - 每当他揉面的时候。 10. 大使是一个为了本国利益而在国外说谎的诚实的人。,10,Analysis of Students Pre
7、sentation,11. Give me liberty, or give me death. 12. When she heard that she was fired, she said angrily, “Thats great!” 13. But on account of their good looks and charm they were nicknamed Sweetie and Lovely. (杨宪益、戴乃迪译),11. 不自由, 毋宁死。 12. 当她听说自己被解雇了,她生气地说:“好极了!” 13. 只因生得妩媚风流,满学中都送了两个外号:一个叫“香怜”,一个叫“玉
8、爱”。 (曹雪芹红楼梦),11,Warm-up Exercises,12,1.当大部分人都在关注你飞得高不高时,只有少部分人在关注你飞得累不累,这就是友情。 2.老板用你的时候你就是人才,不用你的时候就变成裁人。 3.一个成功的男人就是能够赚到比妻子花的钱更多的钱,一个成功的女人就是能够找到这样一个男人。 4论阶级你是白领;论能力你是骨干;论才华你是精英,所以我们都称赞你是白骨精。,13,1.当大部分人都在关注你飞得高不高时,只有少部分人在关注你飞得累不累,这就是友情。 2.老板用你的时候你就是人才,不用你的时候就变成裁人。 1. When most people keep their eye
9、s on the height that you can fly, only a few are concerned about whether you are tired or not. This is friend-ship. 2. You are genius only when hired, otherwise, you will be fired.,14,3.一个成功的男人就是能够赚到比妻子花的钱更多的钱,一个成功的女人就是能够找到这样一个男人。 4论阶级你是白领;论能力你是骨干;论才华你是精英,所以我们都称赞你是白骨精。 3. He who can make more money
10、than his wife may spend is a successful man. She who can find such a man is a successful woman. 4In terms of class, you are a white collar; In terms of competence, you are the backbone; In terms of talent, you are an elite, so we all call you White Cobotelite (Bones of the Dead).,15,翻译中的句子组合,张干周,参见T
11、EXTBOOK 第9、10章,16,CONTENTS,1.1 英汉语言差异 1.2 英汉句子结构对比 1.3 汉译英时主语的处理 1.4 句群内衔接与连贯,17,英汉语言差异,18,意合与形合 英语名词化 汉语动词化,19,意合与形合,20,意合与形合 意合,是指句子的连接使用的是语义手段,句子成分的结合靠的是语义的贯通,语法意义和逻辑关系隐含在字里行间,既所谓的以神笼形。形合,是指句子的连接使用的是语言形式手段,既借助句法和词汇手段,以表达语法意义和逻辑关系。 汉语句子结构是典型的意合型,而英语句子则是典型的形合型。,21,汉语句子则以时间的先后顺序,事理推移为准,用连动句、流水句表明各句间
12、的关系。汉语很少或几乎不用关系词和连接词。所以, 英译汉时要先分析句子的结构、形式,以确定句子的功能、意义; 汉译英时,则要先分析句子的功能、意义,在确定其结构、形式。,22,小女孩的外婆送给她一顶红帽子,她走到哪儿都带着它,于是人们就叫她小红帽。 Then little girls grandmother sent her a red hat, which she wore wherever she went. Hence, she was called Little Red Hat. 2. 必须采取措施,改善投资环境,切实制止对企业乱摊乱排、乱收费的错误做法。Measures to imp
13、rove investment environment must be taken, and, above all, to check improper practices, such as burdening enterprises with extra expenses and collecting unreasonable fees from them.,23,3. 所有的美国人都被谆谆教导长大后要向“金钱与权力”看齐,而我却舍弃了明明是通往此的一步,这使他大为不解。 He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a step
14、 toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.,24,4. 她坐在那儿注视着,觉得眼前的景象,既是始终如一,又是变化多端,既是光彩夺目,又是朦胧黑暗,既是庄严肃穆,又是轻松愉快。 She sat there and watched them, so changelessly changing, so bright and dark, so grave and gay.,25,5. 科学家的思维活动和普通人的思维活动之间存在着差别,这种差别就跟一个面包师或者卖肉者和一个化验师在操作
15、方法上的差别一样。前者用普通的秤称东西的重量,而后者则用天平和精密的砝码进行艰难复杂的分析,其差别不过如此而已。 There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who weigh ou
16、t his goods in common scales and the operations of the chemist who performs the difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights.,26,6. 形势逼人,不进则退。Given to this pressing situation, we must move forward, or we will fall behind. 7. 我曾多次看见他画小鸡,毛茸茸,很可爱;也见过他画的鱼鹰,水是绿的,钻进水
17、里的,很生动。 On several occasions I watched him paint fluffy little chickens and vivid cormorants with their heads in clear green water.,27,英语的名词化,28,英语的名词化 名词化,即用名词表达原来属于动词所表达的概念,是英语常见的现象。如用抽象名词表达动作、行为变化、状态、品质、情感等概念,使得表达简洁、准确。,29,汉语的动词化 汉语主题突出,动态感强,句子中多用动词。如: “小草偷偷地从土地里钻出来,嫩嫩的,绿绿的。园子里,田野里,瞧去,一大片一大片满是的。坐
18、着,躺着,打两个滚,踢几脚球,赛几趟跑,捉几回迷藏。风轻悄悄的,草软绵绵的。” 朱自清 春,30,1. 整个城市披上了节日盛装。 2. 医生迅速到达,并非常仔细地检查的病人,因此病人很快就康复。 3. 工程设计是为发展人类所需工程而作决定的过程。 1. The whole city is in holiday array. 2. The doctors extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery. 3. Engin
19、eering design is a decision- making process used for the development of engineering for which there is a human need.,Example,31,绿草萋萋,白云飘飘,彩蝶翩翩,这日子是如此清新可爱;蜜蜂无言,春花不语,海波声歇,大地音寂,这日子是如此安静。然而并非安静,因为万物各以其特有的节奏,或动,或摇,或振,或起,或伏。 It was the day as fresh as grass growing and clouds going over and butterflies co
20、ming down can make it. It was the day compounded from silences of bee and flower and ocean and land, which were not silences at all, but motions, stirs, flutters, risings, fallings, each in its own time and matchless rhythm.,文学作品中,也常见用静态名词表达动态概念,所谓“寓静与动”,更可以体现出其中的结构、均衡及节奏之美。,32,英汉句子结构对比,33,在翻译实践中,常常
21、会发现翻译句子时,虽然每个单词或词组似乎都已经理解了,但译文在整体上总是觉得不顺畅或不地道。这主要是因为汉英语言间的差异不仅表现在词汇上,更显著地体现在句子层面。 句子结构上的差异表现在: 1)英语主语突出,汉语主题突出; 2)英语句式呈树式结构,主谓完整,汉语句子多三点透视,有许多无主句; 3)英语思维重视逻辑,句式严谨规范,缺乏弹性,汉语思维中语感,句子长短灵活;,34,英语句子通常是“主语 + 谓语”结构,而汉语句子通常是 “主题(即话题) + 述题(即围绕话题的信息)” 结构。所以,在翻译时,要进行句式结构的相互转换,给汉语的英译句子找一个合适的主语。如:,1. 思考容易,行动困难,要
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 翻译 中的 句子 组合
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2587550.html