牛津英语模块UnitGrammar公开课.ppt
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1、M5 Unit1 Grammar,I was shocked to find a piece of paper in paper on my desk,We call the red words 动词不定式(to do sth.).,Sentences from Reading:,I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz,I pretended to be cheerful,We went to wash our hands in the girls room, ,本节课重点提要,1. 不定式的基本形式和否定形式 2. 不定式的时态和
2、语态 3. 不定式的基本用法 4 保留不定式符号to 5. 不带to的不定式,They advised me to give up smoking They advised me _ _ _ _ smoking . He promised to take care of the poor He promised _ _ _ _ _ the poor,不定式的基本形式是由“to + 动词原形”构成,其否定形式是not to do.,笔记要点1,Step 1,基本形式和否定形式,not,to,give,up,not,to,take,care,of,动词不定式的时态和语态,1. I opened t
3、he door to enter the room.,2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.,. 一般式( to do /to be done).,不定式的一般式所表示的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,或之后发生。,Step 2,笔记要点2,.进行式( to be doing),1. I am very glad to be working with you.,2. They seemed to be talking about something secret. .,如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时
4、,不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,动词不定式的时态和语态,笔记要点3,动词不定式的时态和语态,.完成式(to have done/to have been done),2. Im pleased to have been given this chance.,1. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.,如果不定式的动作发生在谓语之前。,如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式要用被动形式.,小 结,to do,to be done,to be doing,无,to have done,to have bee
5、n done,动词不定式,To do like that is foolish.,I want to see you this evening.,All you have to do is to finish it quickly.,We found a house to live in.,She came here to study English.,I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,Step 3 不定式的用法,作主语,_is really important n
6、owadays.,_is right= It is right to give up smoking.,1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。,2. 放弃吸烟是对的。,不定式短语作主语时,用it 作形式主语,真正的主语后置。,To master a foreign language,To give up smoking,作宾语,Fred didnt have any money, so he decided_,He promised not_,1. Fred 没有钱,所以他决定找一份工作。,2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。,(构成“V.+ to do“的形式),afford, agree, arran
7、ge, ask, decide, demand, plan desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, prefer, happen, intend, fail等,不定式短语可以作宾语,以下动词后,跟不定式作宾语,to look for a job.,to tell anyone about it.,I find it interesting to work with him. 如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it 作形式宾语。类似的动词还有 (,(构成 “
8、主语+V.+ it +宾补+ to do sth.“ 的形式),feel, think, consider, make, believe ) 等,注意, 形式宾语与形式主语的区别是形式宾语无be动词,在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to。,Eg. I often hear him sing the song.,He is often heard _the song.,注意,allow, ask,
9、advise, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like, order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish,(构成“V.+ Sb.+ to do”的形式),作宾补,to sing,1他要求我和他一起做这个工作 2 吉姆让我替他向这里的各位给予最好的祝愿,He asked me _with him.,to do the work,Jim told me _ to everyone here,to give his best wishes,Consolidation,作表语,My
10、 job is_,To see is_.,1. 我的工作是教英语。,2. 眼见为实。,to teach English.,to believe,作定语,Do you have anything_?,1. 你有什么要说的吗?,2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Betty was the first_,to say,to know the truth,如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词 We have several model bikes to choose from He is looking for a room to live in P
11、lease give me a knife to cut with There is nothing to worry about 在time place way后面的不定式常省介词 He had no place to live,注意,作状语,He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. They jumped with joy to hear the news. Im too tired to walk any further tonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,1 他回家去取钥匙 2 我说了什么话使你不高兴? 3 赢了这场
12、足球赛,我们感到自豪,He went home _ his key,What have I said _you happy?,We are proud _the football match,to get,to make,to win,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,Consolidation,在be +形容词(glad happy pleased anxious willing ready等)词后保留to 在love like mean hope advise expect want persuade refuse wish seem等动词后保留to 在have need ought be
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