《美国课件4历史2.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《美国课件4历史2.ppt(31页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、American History,Lecturer: Qin Jie,Aims,Get to know the general history of US Get to know the specific and significant events of US history Get to know the important historical figures,Recap,1607 Jamestown; 1620 Plymouth; 1733 (13) King Williams War (168997), Queen Annes War (17021713), King Georges
2、 War (174448 George II) , Seven Years War (1756-63) British Mercantilist Policy, Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Currency Act,Declaration of Independence,IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776 The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary fo
3、r one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare t
4、he causes which impel them to the separation.,Declaration of Independence,We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure t
5、hese rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, ,George Washington,Known a
6、s the “Father of his country“, George Washington (17321799) was military and political leader of the United States of America from 1775 to 1797. He led the American victory over Britain in the Revolutionary War as commander in chief of the Continental Army in 17751783, and he presided over the writi
7、ng of the Constitution in 1787.,As the unanimous choice to serve as the first President of the United States (17891797), he developed the forms and rituals of government that have been used ever since, such as using a cabinet system and delivering an inaugural address. He built a strong, well-financ
8、ed national government that avoided war, suppressed rebellion and won acceptance among Americans of all types.,Thomas Jefferson,Thomas Jefferson (17431826) was the third President of the United States (18011809) and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776). Jefferson was one of
9、 the most influential Founding Fathers. Jefferson envisioned America as the force behind a great “Empire of Liberty“ that would counter the imperialism of the British Empire.,American Beginnings,The Constitutional Convention The American Revolution was bourgeois in character. It did not solve the pr
10、oblem of land demanded by the laboring people. In addition, the heavy costs of the war were placed on their shoulders. There was great dissatisfaction among people. When then war ended, a number of demonstrations and uprisings took place.,American Beginnings,In May 1787, the Constitutional Conventio
11、n met in Philadelphia, for the purpose of setting up a strong central government. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin had found ways to meet the many difficult problems of writing the Constitution. Another great leader, James Madison, did much work on the writing of the Constitution. For this, he w
12、as known as the “ Father of the Constitution”.,James Madison (1751 1836) was an American politician and political philosopher who served as the fourth President of the United States (18091817) and is considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.,In 1788, Madison wrote over a third of
13、the Federalist Papers, the most influential commentary on the Constitution. He was a leader in the 1st United States Congress, drafting many basic laws, and was responsible for the first ten amendments to the Constitution and is also known as the “Father of the Bill of Rights“. As a political theori
14、st, Madisons most distinctive belief was that the new republic needed checks and balances to protect individual rights from the tyranny of the majority.,American Beginnings,In 1791, the Bill of Rights were added. Among the more important rights guaranteed to the US citizens are freedom of religion,
15、freedom of speech, freedom of the press, the right to assemble, and the right to petition for what a citizen may think is needed from the government.,American Beginnings,Expansion of Territory and Westward Movement 1. Louisiana Purchase (1803) 2. The War of 1812 3. The Mexican War (1846-48) 4. Westw
16、ard Movement 5. Monroe Doctrine 6. The Civil War,James Monroe (1758 1831) was the fifth President of the United States, serving two terms from 1817 to 1825. Monroe was the last Founding Father of the United States, the last one from the Virginia dynasty.,The Monroe Doctrine,The Monroe Doctrine is a
17、U.S. doctrine which, on December 2, 1823, stated that European powers were no longer to colonize or interfere with the affairs of the newly independent states of the Americas. The United States would not interfere with existing colonies or their dependencies in the Western Hemisphere. However, any a
18、ttempt by a European nation to oppress or control any nation in the western hemisphere would be seen as an act of aggression and the United States would intervene.,American Beginnings The Civil War,At 4:30 AM on April 12, 1861 4 years war 23 northern and Western states that supported the federal gov
19、ernment 11 Southern states that formed an independent government called the Confederate States of America.,American Beginnings The Civil War,1. Causes leading to War 2. Process of the War 3. Final Victor and Its Effects,American Beginnings The Civil War,Causes leading to War 1. The Basic Issue of St
20、ates Rights 2. Black Slavery in America 3. Conflicts Rising from Slavery 4. Lincolns Presidency,American History The Civil War,Process of the War 1. First two Years of the War 2. Emancipation Proclamation 3. Last Two Years of War (1863-65) The Emancipation Proclamation consists of two executive orde
21、rs issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War. The first one, issued September 22, 1862, declared the freedom of all slaves in any state of the Confederate States of America that did not return to Union control by January 1, 1863. The second order, issued January
22、 1, 1863, named the specific states where it applied.,Emancipation Proclamation,Following the Union victory in 1865, three amendments to the U.S. Constitution ensured freedom for the nearly four million African Americans who had been slaves, made them citizens, and gave them voting rights. The war a
23、nd its resolution led to a substantial increase in federal power.,American Beginnings The Civil War,Final Victor and Its Effects 1. Lincolns re-election and Death 2. Effects of the Civil War,American Beginnings The Rise of American Imperialism,1. Formation and Development of Monopoly Capitalism 2. Imperialist Foreign Policy,Assignment,Review The Gettysburg Address Make a detailed study on American Civil War,
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2633636.html