Background Knowledge Teaching in English in Middle Schools 英语专业毕业论文.doc
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1、Background Knowledge Teaching in English in Middle Schools Abstract:As we all know, middle school phase is an important phase for the Chinese students to learn English, so it has become very important to improve the English communicating ability of middle school students. English, here, as a main co
2、urse of students, plays a more and more important role in middle school in china. In recent years, the cultural background knowledge in English teaching has attracted great attention. The investigation shows that cultural knowledge learning is helpful for improving language level and competence. Als
3、o, successful cross-cultural communication requires students acquaintance with the differences between the two cultures. Therefore, the teaching of cultural background knowledge in English class should occupy an important place in middle school. This paper first expounds the inseparability of langua
4、ge and culture to help readers know more about the relationship between them. Then, it analyses the goal and importance of cultural background knowledge in language teaching in middle school. Next,it introduces the approaches to the culture background. In fact, rich cultural knowledge is contained i
5、n language structure and vocabulary. To great extent, language comprehension relies on being familiar with cultural tradition, customs, history, thoughts and so on. Language learning and culture learning can not be separated. Language is just like the running water. It 2 changes in every moment, for
6、 culture background changes from time to time. If language is a flower, culture will be the soil for this flower. As a teacher, we should give students the living language: both flowers and soil. That is to say, we should teach them both the language and the culture background knowledge. Key words:
7、background knowledge language English teaching 论文摘要 众所周知,中学阶段是学生学习英语的重要时期,因此,增强中学生的英语交 际能力变得尤为重要。英语,作为中国中学生的主要课程之一,变得越来越关键。 近些年来,英语教学中的文化背景知识教学引起了人们的注意。研究表明,文化背 景的学习能有效提高学生的语言水平和能力。而且,成功的跨文化交际离不开学生 丰富的文化背景知识。因此,对文化背景知识的学习在中学英语课堂中变得越来越 重要。 本文首先介绍了语言和文化的不可分割性来帮助读者进一步了解语言和文化的 关系,然后分析了文化背景学习的目的和重要性。最后给出
8、了文化背景学习的方法 和途径。实际上,丰富的文化背景知识包涵了对语言结构和词汇的掌握,同时在很 大程度上,语言的理解又依赖对文化传统,风俗习惯,历史思想等的掌握。因此, 语言学习和文化学习是不可分割的。语言就像是流动的水,无时无刻不在变化,文 化业如此。如果语言是鲜花,那么文化则是培育鲜花的土壤。作为老师,我们应该 教授学生全面的知识,也就是说,我们既要教给他们语言,又要教授他们文化背景 知识。 3 关键词: 文化背景;语言; 英语教学 Contents I. Introduction .1 A. The definition of language1 B. The definition of
9、 culture.2 C. the relationship between language and culture.3 II. The goals of culture background knowledge5 A. Getting familiar with different situation.6 B. Understanding social variables.6 C. Evaluating foreign culture7 D. Developing cultural creativity7 III. The importance of culture background
10、knowledge in language teaching.8 A. necessity of background knowledge in listening and speaking8 B. necessity of background knowledge in reading9 C. necessity of background knowledge in writing and translating10 IV. Approaches to culture background knowledge.11 A. Providing cultural background infor
11、mation in class12 B. Providing authentic materials.13 C. culture lecture.15 4 D. Projected media16 V. Conclusion17 Notes19 Bibliography20 1 I. Introduction Language and culture are inseparable, learning a foreign language means learning a foreign civilization and culture. Whats more, cultural awaren
12、ess is the assurance of using language appropriately. Mistakes have frequently been made when we use English, owing to our lack of the culture background knowledge. The new English Course Standards (2002) for middle schools has added cultural teaching as one of its main parts; much research has been
13、 done about it. But what and how to teach it in middle schools still needs systematic study. A. The definition of language Language is the social production and the symbolic system carried on from generation to generation by People who live in this society. And in particular language speech may refl
14、ect the social relations between the speaker and addressee, which manifest the interrelationship between people. Language is a vehicle of transmitting thought and information, language distinguishes human from animals,and is very essential to mankind. A broad accepted and tentative definition of lan
15、guage is: language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for communication. So language has features of duality, arbitrariness, productivity, displacement inter-changeability transmission, (Li Shiqiang, 2003). B. The definition of culture Culture is an ambiguous and intriguing concept. There a
16、re many kinds of 2 definitions. Richard E. Porter and Larry A. Samovar define culture as the deposit of knowledge, experiences, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, timing, rules, spatial relations, concepts of universe and material objects and expressions acquired by a large
17、 group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. According to New Encyclopedia Britannica defines cultures as peculiar to mankind together with material objects that are part of this behavior and consists of languages, ideas, beliefs, customs, codes, institutions,
18、 tools, techniques, works of arts, rituals, ceremonies and so on. The concept of culture was first defined in print by E.B. Taylor, who provided the first profound scientific understanding of the nature of the term. According to him, culture is “that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, a
19、rt, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as member of society”. For anthropologists, culture has long meant the way of life of people, the sum of its learned behavior patterns, attitudes, and material things. “Culture” in the contemporary teaching of languages m
20、ay be understood in broad and narrow senses. It may refer to the “intellectual refinement” and artistic endeavor, or the appreciation of music, literature, the art and so on.this is in the sense of “high culture”, or culture in its broad sense, omen referred to ns culture with a big C. “Culture with
21、 a big C” focuses on “the sum total of a peoples achievement and contribution: art, music, literature, architecture, technology, scientific discoveries and 3 philosophy”. On the other hand, culture may also refer to whatever to a person must know in order to function in a particular. This is in the
22、same as in Good enoughs definition of the term. It reads that a societys culture consists of whatever it is one has to know or to believe in order to operate in a manner acceptable to its members, and to do so in any role that they accept for any one of themselves. Good enoughs definition is culture
23、 in its narrow sense, often referred to as culture with a small c. “Culture with a small c” includes “the behavior patterns of the life style of people: when and what they eat, how they make a living, the way they organize their society, the attitudes they express towards friends and members of thei
24、r families, how they act in different situations, which expressions they use to show approval and disapproval, the traditions they must observe, and so on”. C. The relationship between language and culture At present, more and more scholars come to an agreement that culture and language influence ea
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