形容词和副词高三英语讲座.ppt
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1、形容词和副词 高三英语讲座,第一部分 近年各地关于形容词和副词的 高考试题分析,1. This _ girl is Lindas cousin. (05北京) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish 答案: A 分析: 多个形容词的排列: 冠词(物主代词、序数词、基数词)-描绘性形容词-表示形状大小的形容词-年龄或新旧方面的形容词-表示颜色、国籍、产地的形容词-表示材料、物质的形容词-指用途或类别的形容词。,2. At a rough
2、estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain. (05 上海) A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 答案:D 分析:表示倍数的形式: 1)A is three times as big as B 2) A is three times the size of B 3) A is three times bigger/larger than B,3. It is generally b
3、elieved that teaching is _it is a science.(01全国) A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 答案:D。 分析:本题可从考查形容词的同级比较点入手。在同级比较asas句式中,如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时,该冠词须置于形容词之后,即形成“as + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + as”结构。这道题在名词专题中也有解析,不同的是观察视角不同,应注意培养发散思维。,. Allen had to ca
4、ll a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (03全国) A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 答案: 分析:much too + 形容词或副词 ; too much + 不可数名词 .,.Mr. Smith used to smoke _ but he has given it up. (04天津) . seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly 答案:。 分析:表示烟、雾、雨、
5、雪一般用heavy 或 heavily。此处指“烟瘾很重”。,6.The great success of this program has been _ due to the support given by the local businessmen. (04 广东) . rather B. very C. quickly D. largely 答案:. 分析:largely 很大程度上。用来修饰形容词due 。 be due to 归公于; 由于因为。,7.We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. ( 03
6、 上海) A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 答案:。 分析:such a (an) +adj. +n. = so +adj. +a (an) +n.,8. If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. ( 05 天津 ) A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable 答案:A 分析:be convenient to 对 是方便的。,9. Th
7、e more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _ I did. ( 05湖南) A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as 答案:A 分析:as much as 尽可能多地 ; as long as 只要就 ; as soon as 一就 ; as far as 就而言 。,10. It is always difficult being in a foreign country, _if you dont speak the language.
8、(02全国) A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially 答案:D 分析:本题考查副词的词义辨析。注意掌握词语的准确含义,结合语境进行分析。A项意为“极端地”;B项意为“自然地”;C项“基本上”;D项“尤其,特别地”。根据句意“如果你不会讲(它的)语言,在国外你就总会困难重重”可知答案。,第二部分,形容词和副词的用法归纳,1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 (1)形容词短语作定语,定语后置。 a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high (2)表语形
9、容词(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等)作定语,定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语,ill如作定语意为“bad”。 (3)用作定语,修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时,通常后置。如: I have something important to tell you.,(4)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。 (5)enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置,程度副词一般位于
10、形容词、副词前面,enough修饰形容词、副词时,必须后置。 (6)副词作定语,定语后置。如: The person there is waiting for you. (7)几个并列的形容词作定语,其语序通常为:限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词 + size(大小)+ shape(形状)+ age(年龄、时间)+ color(颜色)+ origin(国籍、来源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名词。如: a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella, the mans first tow interesting little red
11、French oil paintings,(8)以-ly结尾的词性辨析。 下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。 表愿意(无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词: deep深 wide宽广 high高 low位置低 deeply深入地 widely广泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微 有无-ly意义大不相同的副词: dead完全,绝对be dead asleep deadly非常be deadly tired pretty相当be pr
12、etty certain that prettily漂亮地be prettily dressed close近Dont sit close. closely密切地Watch closely! late晚、迟arrive late, come late lately最近I havent seen him lately(recently).,2、复合形容词的构成 (1)形容词 + 名词 + ed kind-hearted好心的,white-haired白发的 (2)形容词 + 形容词 red-hot炽热的,dark-blue深蓝的 (3)形容词 + 现在分词 good-looking好看的,eas
13、y-going随和的 (4)副词 + 现在分词 hard-working勤劳的,fast-moving快速转动的 (5)副词 + 过去分词 hard-won得来不易的,newly-made新建的,(6)名词 + 形容词 life-long终生的,world-famous世界闻名的 (7)名词 + 现在分词 peace-loving爱好和平的,fun-loving爱开玩笑的 (8)名词 + 过去分词 snow-covered白雪覆盖的,hand-made手工的 (9)数词 + 名词 + ed four-storeyed 4层楼的,three-legged 3条腿的 (10)数词 + 名词(名词用
14、单数) ten-year 10年的,two-man两人的,3、形容词和副词的比较等级 (1)原级的构成和用法。 构成:形容词、副词的原级即本身。 用法:表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时,用“as + 原级形容词/副词 + as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“not so(as) + 原级形容词/副词 + as”的结构;表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用“倍数 + as + 原级形容词/副词 + as”的结构。如: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu. This building looks not so (as)high as that one. Miss Xu
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