英语四级考试翻译练习.ppt
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1、英语四级翻译练习,翻译题型有三大考点:,1. 固定搭配考点:名词与动词搭配,形容词与名词搭配,动词与副词的修饰关系,名词与介词搭配,固定词组以及固定表达 2. 核心语法考点:虚拟语气,倒装结构、从句、非谓语动词等。 3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查。,虚拟语气一:由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子,(1). 与现在的事实相反: If - + were/did-, - + would do (2). 与过去的事实相反: If - + had done-, - +would have done (3). 与将来的事实可能相反: If -+ should do-, -+ would do ,虚拟语气二:
2、用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中,从句谓语形式为:“-(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。 类似用法的动词有: insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡)
3、,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。,虚拟语气第三种:用在表示必须、重要、令人惊奇、可能(不可能)等意义的形容词作表语的句型中,“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible ,
4、improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that -”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中 用 should + 动词原形,虚拟语气四:用在It is time that - 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。,It is time (that) we went to bed .咱们该睡觉了。 注意: time 前可加abou
5、t (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。,虚拟语气五,对过去的事实进行推测由might/ could/ must/ couldnt have done/ been 对目前的状态推测 might/ may/ must be,虚拟语气6,表示”本应该” “本来可能” 发生而实际并没有发生的情况: should/ could/might have done He might have caught the flight to Tokyo, but he was delayed by a traffic jam.,倒装1,1当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装,如不在句首或虽在句
6、首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。 Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.只有当你获得足够的数据时,你才能得出正确的结论。 2never等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。 这类词或词组常用的有:never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), in no case
7、(决不), neither (nor), no sooner(than), hardly(when), barely(仅仅,几乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not onlybut also等。,倒装2,3the more, the more结构中的倒装。 4倒装让步句型 形式一:表语+as +主语(代词)+系动词,+主句 Proud as these nobles are ,they are afraid to see you. 形式二:表语+系动词+主语(名词),+主句 Nobody know
8、s such is Albert Einstein,a great physicist 形式三:副词或动词原型+as+主语,+主句 Try as we might, we could not accomplish it on time.,强调句,1It is/was +被强调部分+that/who 注意: 强调句型中的系动词除is和was之外,没有其他形式的变化; 被强调部分如果是人,可以用who, 也可以用that,其他情况用that(常识性知识,一般不作为考点)。 在notuntil句型里,如果强调由until所引导的时间状语时,not须跟在until之前,构成It is not unti
9、lthat结构。 强调的如果是原因状语从句,只能由because引导,不能由since, as或why引导。 It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.,否定句 : 部分否定句,概括词 all, both, every, everybody , everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely和wholly等。 There is a famous proverb saying th
10、at all that glitters is not gold. Dont you be told that _ both of the books are not helpful _(这两本书并非都是有益的) Although most people like music,_ everyone dont want to go to the concert(但并非人人都想去听音乐会),否定句: 完全否定句,no, none, nobody, nowhere, neither, never等否定词+肯定式谓语 All his plan came to nothing _(他的一切计划都泡汤了)
11、,so dont count on his fulfilling the task on time. He is so excited that none of the words can describe his feelings(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的),否定句: 双重否定句,其形式一为:主语+cannot+ help/refrain/ keep+ from+动名词,具有双重否定的意义。 Having won the gold medal,_ he could not refrain from showing his pleasure._(他禁不住喜形于色) 其形式二为:主语
12、+cannot+ but/choose but/help but+动词原形。 We could not help but look for another one to stay in._(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿),since all the hotels here are with signs “Be Booked Up”. 其形式三为:(There be)no+主语+but+谓语。在此句型中,but是关系代词,即代替前面的名词,又引导后面的从句,并且具有否定意义。,He is so devoted to his experiment that not a man/no man but
13、 felt his love to his career (没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱)。 1.We could not help laughing (我们忍不住笑起来)when he finished the story. 2. One cannot but be moved by his deeds (人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans. 3. Dont always stick to routines ,and you must know there is no rule but has i
14、ts exceptions _(没有无例外的规则),倍数表示句型,形式一:主语+be+倍数+that of+被比较对象或as+形容词+as+被比较对象 By that time we shall produce four times as much grain as we did in 2006 (生产的粮食将增加3倍)。 形式二:主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数+compared with+被比较对象 The new buildings area will be attain to 2 times of the old one_(将是旧楼的两倍)。 形式三:主语+
15、increase+(by)百分数+compared with The output of June in our factory increased by 150% compared with that of May .,1. The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year (与去年相比增加了50%) 2. The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one (是
16、以前的四倍大). 3. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many trucks in 2000 as the year before (2000年能生产的卡车是往年的两倍),英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 1.四级大纲样题,87.The substance does not dissolve in water _(不管是否加热). 88.Not only _(他向我收费过高),but he didnt do a good repair job either. 89. Your losses
17、in trade this year are nothing _(与我的相比). 90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London. 91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely_ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 1. Keys to四级大纲样题,87. whether (it is) heated or not 88. Not only did he charge
18、 me too much或Not only did he overcharge me 89. compared with mine 或 in comparison with mine 90. half as much (money) 91. to attribute/ascribe their childrens success to,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 2. 2006.06,87 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路). 88 _(为了挣钱供我上学), Mother often takes
19、 on more work than is good for her. 89 The professor required that _(我们交研究报告). 90 The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂). 91 Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 2. Keys to 2006.06,87. finding the way to the history museum 88. In order to support my univ
20、ersity studies (或:to finance my education; to pay for my education/to pay my tuition fees) 89. we (should) hand in our/the research report(s) 90. the more confused I am 91. he was fired by the company,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 3. 2006.12,87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to_(适应不同文
21、化中的生活). 88. Since my childhood I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). 89. The victim_ (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 90.Some psychologists claim that people_ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 91.The nations population continues to rise_ (以每年1200万人的速度).,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 3. Keys to 2006.12,87. adapt on
22、eself to life/living in different cultures 88. nothing is more attractive to me than reading或to me, nothing is more important than reading 89. would have had a chance to survive或would have survived 90. might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling. 91. at a spee
23、d/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million,英语四级历年翻译真题及答案 4. 2007.06,87. The finding of this study failed to _(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). 88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _(我们可以合作的领域) . 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete_(决定退出比赛). 90.To make donations or for more informati
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