中考英语语法第16讲情态动词课件育英科技王衡老师中考英语四轮复习法.ppt
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1、易学,生动,详细,育英科技 王衡老师,中考英语语法,第十六讲 情态动词,第一部分:基本知识,一、情态动词是什么?,动词的类别,行为动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,能够独立做谓语,不能独立做谓语,掌握情态动词的定义:表示可能、怀疑、允诺、 愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。,二、情态动词的基本句型,陈述句 主+情态动词+ v原 疑问句 情态动词+主+ v原? 考点:注意may, must疑问句的否定回答 否定句 -主+情态动词 not+ v原 考点:注意had better, need两种词性, ought to 的否定,三、常考的情态动词,can能; 可能-could may可以-mi
2、ght must必须;一定 need需要-非标准情态动词 should-shall would-will had better used to 过去常常 Would rather 宁愿 ought to应当,第二部分:常考情态动词,的三个“能”,能力,乐意,可能,can,can与be able to 的区别,Can 是情态动词,不能独立做谓语 be able to是系动词,能够独立做谓语,所有表示“意愿类题目”,都适用 Can/Could you give me some water?,此时can 与could相等,can与must的区别,Must肯定是(无否定)可能是,1. He will
3、_ finish it by himself. can/ may/ be able to/ 不填(多) 2. can you give me _ suggestion? another/ other/ the other/ others 3. She _ run fast, but I cant. may/ must/ need/ can,的两个意思,乐意,可能,may,may的回答,肯定回答一般是:Yes, please./Certainly./ Sure等, 否定回答一般是:Please dont./No,you cant/mustnt.,can多用于疑问句和否定句,表示怀疑或不相信等态度
4、; 而may则多用于陈述句(肯定),表示一种揣测。,can与may的区别,He may be right他可能对 He cant be right他不可能对,的两个意思,必须,肯定,must,must的否定回答,肯定回答:yes, must 否定回答:no, you neednt/ no, you dont have to,can多用于疑问句和否定句,表示怀疑或不相信等态度; Must表示推测时,不能用否定句,can与must的区别,Dont have to 不必- mustnt一定不能neednt 不必 must 表必须有否定; 表肯定,不能用否定句,Must的否定,I didnt hear
5、 the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了,的两个词性,情态动词,行为动词,need,You neednt answer the question now.,You dont need ot answer the question now.,Had better最好,易错点: 错误理解为had, 或better 否定 解析: 你最好立刻就做 You had better do it right now. 你最好不要碰它 You had better not touch it.,的三个辨析,Used to,Be used to d
6、oing,Be used to do,used to,过去常常(情态动词),He used to go shopping on weekends. 他过去常常周末去买东西,The Englishman isnt used to driving on the right in China.,某人习惯于(to是介词),被动语态(to是不定式),Pens are used to write on paper.,Would rather do.than do 宁愿做而不愿做,解析:宁愿而不愿,中考共三种表达方式 1、prefer to do.rather than do宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组) 例:
7、I prefer to swim rather than stay at home.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里 2、would rather do.than do宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组) 例:I would rather swim than stay at home. 我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里 3、preferto I prefer dogs to cats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗. Would rather是情态动词,否定为 would rather not do,第三部分:情态动词与助动词,Can与could的相同与不同,Can 能力 he said: “I can do that.”
8、乐意 can I help you? 可能It cannt be rainy,Could 能力,是can的过去式He said that he could do that . 表乐意,could可独立一词.Could I go with you?,(willwould; shall should于此相似),Will 只用于将来时, he will come tomorrow shall, will用来征求对方意见,shall用于第一人称,will用于第二人称,用来表示意愿;shall用于第二、第三人称,will用于第一人称。,Would 过去将来时,是will的过去式.He said that
9、 he would come tomorrow. 表乐意 Would you like? 虚拟语气,1. The doctor suggested that he _ the medicine 3 times a day.多 Take/ took/ takes/ should take 解析 Suggest/advice that 主+should +v原。 考点: should 省略;给时态迷惑 2. She would leave the city if the rain _. Stops/ would stop/ stopped/ stopping 解析: 1判断would-过去时,从句
10、也用过去时 2主句过去将来,if 从句用一般过去 3.The patient knew that he _ the wrong mdicine. take/ took/ takes/ should take,第四部分:真题解析与练习,1must和have to 【考例】-Must we finish giving out the posters today? -Yes, we _. It cant be put off any longer. 太原市 A. can B. may C. must 答案C。解析 此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句,其肯定答语要用must,不能用
11、can或may。故选C。 -I didnt pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently. -I agree. You _ play like that any more. 河南省 A. neednt B. mustnt C. may not D. wouldnt 答案B。解析 此处选mustnt。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”,用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。 When traffic lights are red. We _stop and wait. 南京市
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