新课标高中英语非谓语动词十大实用解题原则.doc
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1、新课标高中英语非谓语动词十大实用解题原则 非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式,可是其用法非常广泛,它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点,而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法,笔者在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则,并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。根据这些原则,相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。 原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接,如果没有连词连接,则需要用非谓语动词 例1. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it. A. Having been told B. H
2、aving told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 例2_ many times, he still couldnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had told 解析:例1中有连词but连接,表明前后都是句子,所以答案为C。 例2中后面是一个句子,而且没有连词,所以前面不是句子,应该用非谓语动词,根据句意此处为被动,所以答案为A。 原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词,及物动词有宾语时用-
3、ing形式,无宾语时用-ed形式 例3. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 解析:lose为及物动词,现在后面没有宾语,所以用-ed形式,答案为B。 例4. _, I really believe that Id prefer not to make any change now. A. Considered all the possibilities B. T
4、aking all the possibilities into consideration C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration D. Giving all the possibilities 解析:把。考虑进来结构为take sth into consideration,现在take后面有宾语all the possibilities,所以用-ing形式,答案为B。 原则三、being done 表示“正在被”,一般不作状语,只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语
5、动词之前 例5. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 解析:根据句意“我们没有打通电话,就给他们发了个邮件”,没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前,所以用having done,答案为D。 例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all. A. to have
6、founded B. having founded C. founding D. to found 解析:根据句意,Tim Bemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情,而且be considered后面应该用动词不定式,所以应该用to have done,答案为A。 原则四、非谓语动词作定语时,表示将来用-to do,表正在进行用-ing,表示已经完成用-ed 例7. The play_ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture Aproduced Bbeing produced Cto be produced Dhaving
7、been produced 解析:根据本题中的时间状语next month,可知the play将要于下月被创作出来,表将来应该用to do,所以答案为C。 例8.The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down 解析:根据句意“被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了”,树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作,表已经完成用-ed形式,所以答案为B。 原则五、介词后跟-ing形式,可以在-ing前加逻辑主语 例9. The
8、 discovery of new evidence led to _. A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught 解析:本题led to中的to是介词,后面应该用-ing形式,the thief作-ing的逻辑主语,所以答案为D。 例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened
9、and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 解析:本题the noise of中的of是介词,后面应该用-ing形式,desks作-ing的逻辑主语,所以答案为C。 原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语,-ed形式则不可以 例11. _ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch
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